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SYNOPSIS 



CHESS OPENINGS, 



A TABULAR ANALYSIS, 



BY y/ 

WILLIAM COOK, 

A Member of the Birmingham Chess Club. 



AMERICAN INVENTIONS IN THE CHESS OPENINGS 



FRESH ANALYSIS SINCE 1S82. 



J. W.' MILLER, 

Of the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. 



CINCINNATI: 

ROBERT CLARKE & CO. 

1S84 



OCT 9 1004* 



Gfl//45i 



Copyright, 1884, 
By ROBERT CLARKE & CO. 



PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. 



The Author of the Synopsis has again the. satisfaction to 
learn that the demand for the last Edition has heen ex- 
haustive. 

The Second Edition was issued in 1876, and even during 
the short space of five years many important discoveries 
and improved methods of conducting the attack and the 
defense have been published, and upon reviewing the 
examples so many imperfections were apparent, and cor- 
rections necessary, that the Author saw the necessity of 
producing an entirely new book. 

The means at his disposal were adequate to the task, but 
the preparation of the Tables was a laborious undertak- 
ing, which would considerably delay the publication of a 
book for which there is still a demand. 

The author consulted a few leading members of the 
Birmingham Club, and they recommended that several 
proficients should be corresponded with to invite their 
assistance, but this project met with but little encourage- 
ment. A few amateurs, however, undertook the task, for 
which the writer wishes publicly to express his obligations. 

To Messrs. A. and M. Michael, Wildman, and Bridg- 
water, of the Birmingham Club; Mr. Thomas Bourn, of 
Clevedon ; Rev. Hewan Archdall, of Newcastle-on-Tyne; 
Mr. Freeborough, of Hull ; and Rev. C. E. Ranken, of Mal- 
vern, for material assistance in the compilation of the 
Tables, original variations in the openings, and help in the 
examination of proof. 

Inasmuch as the book does not lay claim to originality, 
the acknowledgment of the sources from which the varia- 
tions have been collected is perhaps unnecessary; but it 
should be mentioned that the last Edition of the "Iland- 
buch des Schachspiels," Mr. Gossip's " Theory of the Open- 

(3) 



4 PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. 

ings," and Mr. Wayte's able reviews of these works, 
together with the excellent Chess column of the Field and 
other papers, the New Chess Monthly, and the well-known 
Chess Player's Chronicle, have been indispensable to the 
production of the book. 

•The Author has endeavored to present variations that 
have occurred in actual play to meet the objection of some 
who assume that bat few of the positions given in theory 
occur in practice. This has been especially adopted in the 
Irregular Openings, which are illustrated entirely from 
published games. 

It has been necessary to considerably enlarge the present 
Edition, but a comparison with the Second Edition, which 
contained but eighty-two pages, will explain the slight in- 
crease in the price of the book. 

The Authoj? has again to express his regret at the delay in 
the publication of this Edition, which demanded an inser- 
tion of a brief Appendix, to introduce a few new variations, 
and would especially call the attention of the student to 
the Paulsen attack in the Scotch, which has attained such 
popularity within the last two years. 

Birmingham, January, 1882. 



PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION 



"'Tho' few are born with talents to excel, 
Yet all may learn the art of doing well." 
In presenting to the Public an addition to the already large literature of 
Chess, the writer hopes that his little volume will supply a need so often felt 
and expressed by young players: — An Analysis of tin 1 class Openings, re- 
corded in a simple form. 

It is now generally admitted that some knowledge of the authorized 
Openings is absolutely indispensable to those who would attain to any degree 
of proficiency in the •' Art of Che-s Playing." Members of a Chess club, or 
tho-re who are in the habit of meeting strong opponents, require no proof, 
beyond their own experience to convince them of the truth of this assertion. 

Unfortunately, in many of the excellent treatises where this branch of 
Chess playing has received special and separate attention, it has not been 
treated with sufficient clearness of expression and illustration to render much 
assistance to the young student; the endless games and variations have only 
tended to perplex and discourage him when seeking the knowledge he so 
ardently desire-. 

The popular idea of the abstruseness of Chess has not been dispelled by 
the many "explanatory'' book-;, and the great difficulty hitherto has been to 
find out, in theoretical treatises, the moves that occur to the student in actual 
play. To overcome this objection, instead of being presented in the usual 
dialogue form, the moves are here given on Tables, the White being placed 
above the line, and the Black below; thus the principal variations of any 
particular Opening can be seen at a glance, with the advantage or disadvan- 
tage of the line of play pursued indicated at foot. The tabulated form em- 
ployed has never previously been used by any English compiler (for com- 
pilation, rather than authorship, is demanded from those who now publish on 
Che-s), but its advantages, when displayed in the famous '■ Ilandbuch des 
dchachspiels" and "Alexandre's Encyclopaedia," are so obvious, that there 
is no reason why the system should not be transferred to the pages of an 
English publication. 

Few players understand thoroughly even the synoptical moves of the 
Openings. Preliminary chapters are devoted expressly to teaching the moves 
that distinguish the various debuts, and from which they take their classifica- 
tion and nomenclature. 

The writer expresses his obligations to the " Hai. ich des Schachspiels," 
1874; " Westminster Papers," " Quarterly Chronicle," Mr. Wormald's " Chess 
Openings," and other excellent treatises. 

He has taken it for granted that the reader is acquainted with the pre- 
liminary details of the moves of the pieces and rules or the game; the space 
at his command beiiiEC limited, his object has rather been to assist those who, 
having some knowledge of the game, seek to extend it iy their leisure hours. 
It is in such hours that this book has been compiled, and in striving for the 
simplicity which has been his aim, the writer trusts that nothing material 
has been sacrificed, while difficulties have been removed. 

The writer lays no claim to originality; his object has been to represent, 
in a simple form, the result of modern analysis in its leading features. The 
advanced student of theory must not expect to find this work exhaustive; its 
scope would not permit of such an attempt. The compiler trusts, however, 
that the learner will find most of the information of which hestands in need, 
and that the advanced proficient may find it useful to have for ready refer- 
ence a tabular statement of the various Openings, at a price within the reach 
of the Chess-playing public. 

In conclusion, his thanks are due to Thomas Bourn, Esq., and J. I. 
Minchin, Esq.. both of Clifton, for their invaluable assistance, so cheerfully 
rendered, in correcting errors and suggesting improvements for the first 
tabulated Ches« book printed in the English language 

Clifton, October, 1874. (-5) 



INDEX. 

BOOK I.— KING'S KNIGHT'S OPENING. 



INTRODUCTION 



P-K4 Kt-KB3 



P-K4 



P-Q4 



P-KB4 



P-Q3 



Kt-QB3 



B-QKt5 



P-Q4 



P-QB3 



B-B4 
Kt-KB3 



B-B4 



K t-QB3 
B-B4or&c. 



Kt-KB3 



P-QB3 or &c. 



P-QKt4 
B x KtP 



B-Kt3 or &c. 



PAGE 

. . . . ' .... 10 

QP Counter Gam- 
bit .... .... 12 

Greco Counter 

Gambit .... 12 

Petroff's Defense 15 

Philidor's Defense 20 

Ruy Lopez 24 

Scotch Gambit . . 30 

Queen's Bishop's 

Pawn Game ... 38 

Two Knights' De- 
fense 42 



Giuoco Piano . . 
Evans Gambit . . 
Evans Declined 



Three Knights' 

Game 73 

Four Knights' 

Game 69 



BOOK II.— KINGS BISHOP'S OPENING. 



INTRODUCTION 

P-K4 9 B-QD4 



B-B4 



P-KB4 



King's Knight's Defense 

Two Bishop's Opening 

The Calabrois Counter Gambit 
QBP Defense 



BOOK 111.— KING'S GAMBITS. 



INTRODUCTION 

I'-Kl 
V x P 



P-K4 P-KRl 



P-K4 



B-QB4 



„ Kt-KB3 . B-QB4 
3 „ T ,,,,. t , 4 



PAGK 

81 

King's Bishop's 
Gambit ... 82 



P-KIU4 3 B-Kt 
4 



B-K2 



" P-Q4or&c. 



King's Knight's 
Gambit .... 



88 



P-KKto 



P-Kt"» 



Kt-K.5 

O-Oor&c. 



Salvio Gambit ... 93 
MuziQ Gambit . . 96 
Kieseritzky Gambit 100 



Allgaier Gambit 



[06 



Cunningham Gam- 
bit 109 



Gambit declined 



BOOK IV.— MISCELLANEOUS OPENINGS. 

115 

Center Gambit . ... lit; 

Danish Gambit . ... 117 

Vienna Opening 118 



INTRODUCTION 

P-K4 P-Q4 

1 P-K4 l Px P 



Kt-QB3 



Kt-KB3or«&c. 



p-qr:; 



BOOK V.— SEMI-IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



NTRODUCTION 
P-Kl 
P-K3 



P-Q4 



P-QB4 



P-(jKt3 



P-KKt3 



120 
121 



French Opening 

Center Counter 
Gambit .... 123 



Sicilian ( (pening 124 
FianchettodiDonnal26 

Fianchetto di Ri 126 



BOOK VI.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



127 



EXPLANATION OF NOTATION AND TABLE OF A] 
BREVIATIONS. 



"xovia 



QR8 


bsj;>it> 
QKt8 


bsgt) 
QB8 


bsft 
Q8 


bs3 
K8 


KB8 


bsi>ui 
KKt8 


bsaj[ 
KR8 


EHt> 
QR7 


2136 
QKt7 


cat) 

QB7 


Sb . 

Q7 


S3 

K7 


£33 

KB7 


S133 

KKt7 


633 
KR7 


SHt) 
QR6 


S13t> ' 
QKtG 


sat) 

QB6 


8b 
Q6 


82 

K6 


sa3 

KB6 


8133 
KKt6 


833 

KR6 


fat) 

QS.5 


f!3t> 

QKt5 


QB5 


ft) 
Q5 


f3 
K5 


fas 

KB5 


mix 

KKt5 


f33 
KR5 


eat> 

Q.R4 


S13t> 
QKt-1 


sab 

QB4 


St) 

Q4 


S3 
K4 


eas 

KB4 


S133 
KKt4 


eax 

KR4 


9Ht> 
QR3 


913t> 
QKt3 


9at> 

QB3 


9t) 

Q3 


93 
K3 


933 

EB3 


91X51 
KKt3 


9a 3 

KR3 


£3t> 
QR2 


ii3t> 

QKt2 


zat> 

QB2 


it) 

Q2 


i3 

K2 


za3 

KB2 


£133 
KKt2 


£33 
KR2 


8Ht> 
QRsq 


813t) 
QKtsq 


sat) 

QBsq 


St) 
Qsq 


S3* 
Ksq 


833 
KBsq 


8133 

KKtsq 


833 
KRsq 



white, 



PLAN OF THE WORK. 

The tables are so arranged that each column contains the moves of a sin- 
gle variation. The moves are expressed as fractions; the move of the first 
player, whom we invariably call White, being above the line, and the move 
of the second player, Black, below. 

The notation is the most concise English method in use at present, and will 
be easily understood by the reader. 



ABBREVIATIONS. 

K stands for King and King's ch stands for check 

Q " " Queen or Queen's 

R " " Eook or Hook's 

B " " Bishop or Bishop's 

Kt " " Knight or Knight's 

P " " Pawn or Pawn's 

O-O " " Castles on King's side 

O-O-O" « « « Queen's side 

" " superior position or game (if above the. line for White, if be- 
low the line for Black). 



dis ch ' 


" discovering check 


sq ' 


" square 


x ' 


" takes 


en pas ' 


" en passant 


i 


" even game' 


i < 


" best move 


? i 


" weak move 



■f 



winning game for White. 



+ 



won game for Black. 



The figures at the top of the tables are the numbers of the columns, in- 
serted for reference. 

The numbers in the margin indicate the order in which the moves are to 
be played. 



10 



BOOK I. 



KING'S KNIGHT'S OPENING. 

The King's Knight's Opening is produced when, after each player has 
moved 1 P-K4 1 P-K4, the first player brings out his Kt-KB3 on the second 
move. 

This method of framing an attack is to he recommended, as it prolongs the 
temporary advantage of the first move more than any other opening. On 
this account some theorists have advised Black to adopt one of the close de- 
fenses 1 P-K3 or 1 P-QB4, thereby evading the Knight's game, but it is 
doubtful whether these lines of play are satisfactory; moreover, daily prac- 
tice proves that the strength of the K Knight's attack has been somewhat 
overrated, for should Black conduct the defense with accuracy, it must re- 
sult in an equality of position. 

The correct defense has always been a vexed question; in the earliest 
writings we have on Chess, the old Latin manuscripts at Gottingen (1490), 
and Lucena's treatise (1497), we meet with the three defenses 2 P-Q3, 2 
Kt-KB3, 2 Kt-QB3, but neither expresses an opinion as to their comparative 
merits. Damiano (1512) notices only the latter, which Lopez (1561) de- 
clared to be unsatisfactory, on the ground that White might play 3 B-Kt5 
with advantage, and recommended instead the P-Q3 defense. 

This view was also taken by Greco (1619), who ineffectually endeavored to 
substitute his favorite counter gambit 2 P-KB4. Gianutio (1597), followed 
by the Italian School, pronounced in favor of 2 Kt-QB3, and a reaction set 
in, which resulted in the adoption of the Queen's Knight's Defense for nearly 
two centuries. In the middle of the eighteenth century Philidor published 
his "Analyse des Echecs," and once more asserted the claims of 2 P-Q3, but 
upon a different principle than that of his predecessors. His opinion was 
founded on the belief that Black, by playing a certain counter gambit on 
the third move, could establish his Pawns in the center of the board ; and he 
even declared "that White, by playing out the King's Knight on the second 
move, not only loses the attack, but gives it to the adversary." In his sub- 
sequent editions, he considerably modified this statement, and admitted that 
White could break up the center Pawns with advantage. The Italian de- 
fense has been the favorite move until the present day, with the exception 
of an attempt made by the Russian school to popularize the counter attack 
2 Kt-KB3 previously noticed by the anonymous writer of the Gottingen 
manuscripts. 

We think the game may be defended in either of the three ways mentioned, 
but every modern writer must give the preference to 2 Kt-QB3, which is 



KING'S KNIGHT'S OPENING. 11 



productive of the most interesting positions. It is also favorable to the reg- 
ular development of Black's pieces, yet it yields "White the advantage of a 
selection of powerful attacks, and for that reason lequires much knowledge 
of the game. The defense 2 P-Q3 appears more simple, but it shuts in 
Black's King's Bishop, and the game can only be opened slowly. The coun- 
ter move 2 Kt-K B3 leads to an even game, but it does not answer ail the re- 
quirements, inasmuch as White's attack is not neutralized. 

We shall pass over, as unworthy of notice, the defenses 2 P-KB3, 2 Q-B3, 
and 2 B-Q3. The first, 2 P-KB3, only apparently protects Black's Pawn, 
as White may capture it with his Knight, and should Black play 3 P x Kt, 
White gains a decisive advantage by 4 Q-R5ch. 2 B-Q3 can not be favor- 
able for Black, as it seriously prevents the development of the pieces; for 
the same reason 2 Q-B3 is weak play, and it is not prudent to play the Queen 
so early in the game. The first section will be devoted to the counter gam- 
bits 2 P-KB4, and 2 P-Q4; section 2 to the counter attack 2 Kt-KB3; sec- 
tion 3 to the defense of 2 P-Q3; and sections 4 to 8 to the various openings 
arising from the defense 2 Kt-QB3. 



W T HITE. BLACK. 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4 

2 Kt-KB3 

Black has five replies— three counter attacks, and two defenses. 

First Counter Attack 2 P-Q4=Queen's Pawn. 

Second Counter Attack 2 P-KB4=Greeo's. 

Third Counter Attack 2 Kt-KB3=Petroffs. 

First Defense 2 P-Q3=Philidor's. 

Second Defense 2 Kt-QB3. 

From Black's Second Defense, several openings arise. White can play — 

3 B-Kt5. — Buy Lopez. 

3 P-Q4.— Scotch Gambit. 

3 P-B3. — Queen's Bishop's Pawn Game. 

3 B-B4.— If Black reply 3 Kt-B3.— Two Knight's Defense. 

And if 3 B-B4.— Giuoco Piano. 
3 Kt-B3.— If Black reply 3 Kt B3.— Four Knights' Game. 

If B-B4 or P-KKt3 or etc.— Three Knights' Game. 



12 



SECTION I. 

THE COUNTER GAMBITS IN THE KING'S KNIGHT'S 

GAME. 

(1) The Greco Counter Gambit. 

P-K4 9 Kt-KB3 

FK4 j P-KB4 

This defense is considered unsound, as by 8 Kt x P White obtains a 
superior position. 

Although as a defense the "Greco" is perhaps unsuited for match play, 
yet as some of its variations give rise to interesting and intricate maneuver- 
ing, it must continue to be a favorite opening with those who wish to avoid 
dull games; and an instructive one to the young student. 

i (2) The Queen's Pawn Counter Gambit. 

P-K4 „ Kt-KB3 



P-K4 - 1 P-Q4 

This also is a weak defense; "White- by playing 3 P x P obtains at once a 
slight advantage. 



Table I.— GRECO'S COUNTER GAMBIT. 



13 



3 
4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



P-K4 

P-K4 - 
Kt-KB3 

KtxP! 1 

Q-B3 

P-Q4 

P-Q3 

Kt-B4 

PxP 

Kt-B3 

P-B3 

Kt x KP 



Q-K3 
Q-K2 



KtrXB3? 

B-B4 

PxP 

Kt-B7 

Q-K2 

Kt x Pv 

P-Q4 

B-K2 ! 

P-KK13 

P-Q3 + 



P-Q4 

QKt-QGch2 
K^Q2"3~" 

Kt-B7 f 



KtQB3 
Q-R5ch 4 
P-KKt3 _ 
Kt x KtP 
Kt^B3 



Q-R3 



R-KKtsq 
Kt x B 
QTK2 - 

Kt x RP 



Kt x P 
Q-K3 



P-Q4 

P-Q3 



P-B5 
Qx BP 



KtQ5 
K-Qsq 



Ex P 
B xR 



Q-R4 



R-KKtsq 
P-K5 
KtxP 
Kt x Kt 
Q-K2 

K-Q*q ! 
Q xKt 

P-Q4 
Q-K3 
B-QB 4 

Q x Kt 
B^Kl 

R-Ksq 



Kt xB 



E-Kt5 

Q-R6 



R x KPch 

K-Qsq 

Kt-KKt5 

Q-R5ch 

Kx Kt 

Q x BPc h 

K-Kt2 

PQKt3 

P-Q4 

B-Kt2ch 



Q-K2? 

Q-R5ch 

P-KKt3 

Kt x KtP 

Q x Pch 

B-K2 

Kt-KB3 

Q-R3 

PxKt 

QxR 

QxKtP 

R-Bsq + 



B-Kt5ch — Q-B2 5 P-Q5 6 



1 If 3 PxP Black s?ets a prood ?ame bv 3 P-Q3, 4 P-Q4 4 P-K5, 5 Kt-Kt5! 5 B x P, 

6 Q-K2 6 P-Q4," 7 Q-tvtoch 7 Kt-B3, 8 Q x KtP 8 KtxP 9 B-Kt5eh 9 Kt x B. V 3 
B-B4 :> P-Q3, and the game is resolved into the Lopez Counter Gambit. See 
page 23. 

2 Or 9 KKt-Q6eh 9 K-Qsq, 10 Kt-KKt5 10 Qx Qch. 11 B x Q 11 B xKt, 12 Kt-B7ch 12 

K-K2, 13 Ktx R 13 B-K3, 14 B-Q:: 14 Kt-B3, 15 B-KKto 15 QKt-Q2, 16 Kt-Kt6ch 16 
P x Kt, 17 B x P, and White has the best of the game. 

3 If 9 K-Qsq White wins by 10 Kt x Pch 10 K-B2, 11 Q x Q 11 B x Q 12 KKt-B.5, saving 

both the Knights, with two Pawns ahead. 

4 Mr. Gossip recommends 4 Kt x Kt, then 4 QP x Kt 5 P-K5. If 4 P-Q4 4 Kt-B3! 5 

Kt x Kt 5 QP x Kt, G P-K5, 6 Kt-K5, 7 B-QB4 7 P-B4, 8 P-Q5 8 P-B3, 9 0-0 + . 

5 Continued 14 B-Kt5 14 Q-IUch, 15 P-B3, 15 QxB, 16 Rx Bch 16 K-Qsq, 17 QxQ 17 

R x Q =. 

6 11 Q-B3 14 Q-R5, 15 P-Kt3 15 QKt-K4!, 16 Q-IU2 16 Q-R3, 17 P-KB4 17 B-B4+. 



14 Table II.- QUEEN'S PAWN COUNTER GAMBIT. 



1 

P-K4 



P-K4 
Kt-KB3 



P-Q4 

PxP! Kt-xP? 



P-K5 Q x P B-Q3 2 P x P 3 

Q-K2 Kt-B3 P-Q4! P-Q4 B-B4? 



Q-K2 Q-K3 Q-K4 P-K5 B-K3 Q-Kt4 

KtQ4 B-Kt5chlBB4 Kt-K5 B-QB4 Kt x P 



Kt-KB3 B-Q2 Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3 BxB Q x JUP 

Kt-QB3 O-O 0-0 B-QB4 Kt x B K-Bsq 

Q-K4 ~~ P-QR3 B-KKto 0-0 _ P-KB4 B-KKt5 

Kt-B3 B x Bch P-KR3 0-0 + 00 — P-KB3 



Q-K2 KtxB B-R4 Kt-KB3 — BxP 

Kt-.KKt5+ P-Q4 P-E3 + R-B2 



0-0-0 Q-Kt8ch 

E-Ksq + R-Bsq 



Q-Kt5 -f 



1 The following variation occurred in a match game between Mr. Wisker and Mr. 

Bird :— 5 P-QKt3? 5 Kt-QB3, 6 B-B4 6 Q-Kt3, 7 Q-K2 7 B-Q3, 8 P-Q4 8 B-KKt5. 
See "City of London Magazine," Vol. I, p. 13. 

2 Mr. Wormald considers this move preferable to 3 P-K5 or 3 Q x P. 

3 If 3 B-Q3, 4 P-Q4 4 P x P, 5 B-QB4 5 B x Kt, G Q-R5 6 Q-K2!, 7 P x B, etc. 



15 



SECTION II. 

M. PETROFFS COUNTER ATTACK. 

P-K4 9 Kt-KB8 

1 P-K4 L Kt-KB3 

This counter attack, styled by Major Jaeniscb, in his " Analyse Nouvelle," 
the two Kings' Knights' game, is first found in the Gottingen MSS.; nearly 
all subsequent writers have analyzed it, but in a style wholly unworthy of 
its merits. 

It was revived by M. Petroff, the lion of Kussian Chess. In "La 
Palamede" for 184*2, Jaeniscb presented a searching analysis, and supposed 
it to be the best counter move to the King's Knight's attack. Soon after' 
this move was considered unsound, in consequence of the unfavorable ter- 
mination of a correspondence game played between the clubs of Pesth and 
Paris at this opening. Modern theorists consider the Petroff's counter at- 
tack fails to neutralize the advantage of first move. 

White has four lines of attack : — 

Columns. 

First 3 Kt x P 3 P-Q3 best 4 Kt-KB3 ! 1- 9 

4KtxP? 13-14 

3 Kt x P? 10-12 

Second 3 B-B4 19-24 

Third 3 Kt-B3 See Three Knights' Game. 

Fourth 3P-Q4 17-18 



16 Table III.— Petroflf's Counter Attack, or Russian Defense. 



10 
11 

12. 

t 

13 
14 



l 

P-K4 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-KB3 

KtxP! 

P=Q3 

Kt-KB3 

KtxP 

P-Q4 

P-Q4 

B-Q3 

Kt-QB3! 

0-0 

B-K2 

P-B4 K-Ksq 



O B-KKt5 1 • B-K3 " Kt-B3 5 Kt-Q3 

Kt-B3 2 PxP P-KR3 P-B3 

9 Kt x Kt ■ BxP " B-K3 0-0 



PxKt B-K3 Q-Kt3 B-KB4 



Kt-B3 5 


P-KK3 


B-K3 


Q-Kt3 


PxP 


BxBP6 


BxB 


QxB — 



0-0 PxP O-O " PxP B-K3 7 

K-Ktsq + BxBP B-K4! Kt-B3 B x BP6 QKt-Q2 

0-0 " Cpp P-B4 3 BxB B - B3 

B-QKt5 Q-K2 Kt x B QxB — Kt-K5 

Q^Ql 04) QxKt 0-0 — Kt-K2 

P-B4 QxP B-B2 QKt-B3— 

Q-KB4 BxKt K-Ksq P " B3 — 

B x Kt — BxB BKt3 

PxB — Kt-Qsq Q-Q3 



15 P-QR4 + P-Q5 — 

Kt-Pv4— 4 



1 Major Jaenisch recommended this as the best move in this position. 

2 Mr. Gossip, in "Theory of the Chess Openings," gives 9 B-K2 as best. 

3 Or 11 Kt x Kt, 12 P x Kt 12 P-B4, 13 B-KB-t 13 B-Q3, etc. 

4 These moves are from a game between Herr Lowenthal and Mr. Morphy. 

5 Von Heydebrand der Lasa prefers this move to 8 B-KKt5, or 8 B-K3. 

6 11 Qx KtP is verv inferior, e. g. 11 Q x KtP 11 B-Q4, 12 B x BP 12 Kt-QB.4, 13 

B-QKt5ch 13 P-B3+. 

7 In a correspondence game between Cambridge and Dublin, the following moves 

occured:— 10 B-B3, 11 QKt-Q2 11 Kt-K2 12 B-K5 12 Kt-Kt3, 13 Q-B2+. 



Table IV.— Petroflf's Counter Attack, or Russian Defense. 17 



1 

2 
3 

4 
5 

6 

7 



7 8 9 10 11 12 

F-K4 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 




KtxP? 

Q-K2 

Kt x P Q-K2 

P-Q4 Q x Kt 



P-Q4 P-Q3 

B-Q3 P-Q4 



B-Q3 P-QB4? Kt-Q3 5 P-KB3 

O-O P.B4 B-KB4 P-KB4 



O-O P-B4 4 B-K3 Kt-Q2! 

P-B4 0-0 P-B3 Kt-QB3 



B-K3 PxBP B-K2 QP x Kt BP x Kt 

q Q-B2! 1 BxP Q-Kt3 Kt-Q5 BP x P 

P-KB4?2 Kt-QB3 

10 Q-Kt3 P-Q5 

PxP Kt-K4 



11 



Q x KtP Kt-B3 



P-B3 Kt x B 



P-QKt3 


Q-Q3 


PxP 




O-O 


QPxP 


Kt-Q5 




O-O 


PxP 


Kt-K B3 




QKt-Q2 


PxP 


B-Kt5ch 




Kt-Q2 


Q-QB3 


P-B3 


K-Qsq 6 


KR-Ksq 


— B-QKto 


Kt x Ktch 


KtxFt! 


P-QB4 


— Q-KKt3 


PxKt 


PxK. 




QxQ 


BxPch 


PxP 



-j i) BxKt _ Q-R4ch 

PxB B-Q2 

-jo Kt-Kt5 Q x Kt + 

B-KB4 " PxQ ~ K-Qsq P7~P~~ 

-^ Kt-QB3+3 KtxPch -f B-Q2+ _ B-Q2+ 



1 9 Q-Kt3, Major Jaenisch's move, not so good as the move in the text. 

2 9 Kt-KB3!— equalizes the g£me, for if 10 Q-Kt3 10 Kt-QB3. 

3 These moves are from a game by correspondence between Pesth and Paris. 

4 If 7Kt-QB3or7PxQP, 8 0-0, etc. 

5 If G Kt-KB3, 7 0-0 7 B-K2, 8 P-B4 8 0-0=. 

6 If 11 B-Q2, 12 Kt x Ktch 12 PxKt, 13 Q x KtP 13 R-Qsq, 14 0-0 11 P x P, 15 B-KKt5+. 

2 



18 Table V.— Petroff's Counter Attack, or Russian Defense. 



r 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 



13 

P-K4 



14 



15 



16 



P-K4 

Kt-KP>3 

Kt-KB3 

KtxP 

P-Q3 

Kt x P? 1 

K x Kt 

B-B4ch 2 

P-Q4! 

B-Kt3 3 

B-K3 4 

Kt-B3 

PxP 

B x Ben 

KxB 

KtxP 

KtxKt 

Q-Kt4ch 

K-B2 

QxKt 

Q-K2 + 



B-K3 


B xBch 


KxB 


P-Q4 


K-B2 


Kt-B3 


B-K2 


B-K3 



Pv-Ksq + 



Q-K2? 

P-Q4 

P-Q3 

Kt-KB3 

QxPch 

B-K2 

B-KB4 

P-B4 

B-K2 

0-0 

O-O 

Kt-B3+ 



Kt-KB3 

QxPch 

B-K2 

B-QB4 

0-0 

OA) 

P-Q4 

B-Kt3 

P-B4 

P-B3 

Kt-B3 

Q-K2 

B-KKt5+ 



17 



P-Q4 5 

KtxP! 

B-Q3 

P-Q4 

PxP 

Kt-QB3 

0-0 

B-QB4 

P-B4 - 

B-K3 - 



18 



PxP? 
P-K5 



Kt-K5 
Q-K2 



B-Kt5ch 

K-Qgq 

P-Q4 

P x Pen pas 

P-KB4 

PxP 

QxP 

KtxP+ 



1 Mr. Cochrane's attack, considered unsound. 

2 Mr. Thorold has introduced a pleasing variation in the attack by 5 P-Q4. 

3 6 P x P would give White three Pawns for his piece. 

4 6 B-KKto, 7 P-KB3 7 B-E3 is considered by Mr. Wormald more forcible than the 

move in the text. 



5 Petroff's variation considered weak play. 



Table VI.— Petroff s Counter Attack, or Russian Defense. 19 



1 



19 20 21 22 23 24 

P-K4 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 



Kt-K 133 



o B-B4 1 



KtxP! 2 

Kt-QB3 Q- K2 KtxP 

K77KT^Kt-QB3 P-Q4 P-Q4 _ P-Q4 ! 

QPxKt BxPch BxP KtxP Q-K2 B-Kt3 



U P-K1JS3 Kxli Kt-KBS B-QB4 B-B4! Q-Kt4! 

ft 0-0 Kt x Kt B-Kt3 P-Q3 P-Q3 0-0 

b QhK2 P-Ql B^Q3~ "PTUl B x Pch Q x Kt 

r Kt-E4 4 KKt-Kt5ch? P-Q3 Q x Kt _ K-Q«q R-Ksq 5 

' P-Q3 ? a K-Ksq O-U _ O-O ~ B-Kt3 B-QB4 

£ Q-R5ch Q-R5ch P-KR3 QxP B-Kt3 Q-K2 

8 K-Qsq P-Kt3 P-KR3 Q7K2 q^2. B-KKt5 

Q P-B4 Q-B3 B-K3 P-KB4 BxP QxB 



B-K3 B-KB4-+- Kt-B3 Kt-QB3 Q x Kt B x Pch 

irvBxB Q-Q'2 -Q-K4 QxKt— K-Bsq 



QxB Kt-QR4 — R-Ksq ! Q x Q — B x K 
11 PxP K-Qsq Q -B8ch 

1 L QPxP Q-R5 KJK2 - 

-j Q B-K3+ Kt-Q2 Q x R 



13 



Q-R4ch Kt-Kt6eh + 

QKt-B3 — 
B-KKt5 — 



1 This variation also arises in the King's Bishop's Opening by 1 P-K4 1 P-K4 2 B-Bl 

2 KtK-B3 3 Kt-KB3, where it is more fully analyzed. 

2 3 Kt-B3 would resolve the game into the "Two Knights' Defense." 

3 If 5 P-Q3, G KtxP+ or 6 Kt-Kt5+ 

4 For 7 R-Ksq see KB opening, page 7G, Col. 2-5. 

5 If 7 P-Q3 7 B-Q3, S P-KKt3 8 Kt-Kt4, etc. 

A 7 P-KKt3 is the best move. See the King's Bishop's opening, page 76. 



20 



SECTION III. 



PHILIDOE'S DEFENSE. 



P-K4 
IMT4 



Kt-KB3 
P^Q3 



The Philidoriaii defense to the KKt game, as observed before, was first 
noticed in the Gottingen MSS. Philidor, the celebrated French player, 
popularized and remodeled it. 

Several interesting games, played by his contemporaries, Messrs. Attwood 
and Wilson, illustrative of this opening, as played then, may be found in 
Walker's Chess Studies, a work containing the immense number of one 
thousand games, played previous to the year 1844. 

It is generally considered a safe defense, but productive of a cramped 
position for the second player. 

White can play 3 P-Q4 best, or 3 B-B4. 

First,- — 3 P-Q4. Black has five defenses. 

3PxP best Col. 1- 8 
3 Kt-KB3 " 9-10 

3 B-Kt5 " 11 

8Kt-Q2 " 12 

3 P-KB4 " 13-16 



Second.— 3 B-B4. 



Black has three defenses. 
3B-K2! Col. 17 

3 P-QB3 Note. 16 

3P-KB4 Col. 18 



Table VII— PHILIDOR'S DEFENSE. 21 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 



1 

P-K4 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

P-Q3 

P-Q4 

PxP 

Q xP KtxP 

B-Q2 Kt-QB3 FQ4 Kt-Kli3 

B-QB4 B-KKt5 B-K B4 2 B- QKt5 P x P 4 Kt QB3 

Kt-QB3 Kt-QB3 1 Kt-QB3 IRj2 " Q~x~P B-K2! 

Q-K3 B x Q Q-Q2 B x Kt Q-K2ch B-Q3 



I5-K2 KtxQ Kt-B3 BxB B-K2 O-O 

Q-QKt3+ KtxKt B-Q3 B-Kt5 Kt-Kt5 O-O 



KxB B-K2 Kt-B3 3 Kt-QR3 P-B4 

B-B4 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 QKt-B3 KKt-K2 



Kt-K3 O-U B-K2 Q-Qsq Q-Kt3 

Kt-QB3 O-Q-0 + 0-0-0 B B4 _ K-Rsq ! 

B-K2 O-O ~ Kt-B3 Kt-B3 

Kt-Q-5 KR-Ksq — R-Qsq P-KB4 + 
R-Ksq Kt-Q2 — B-Q2 
0-0 — Q-K5 



P-B3 — 0-0 

Kt x BP 



Kt x Kt 5 



1 If 5 P-KB3, G B-R4 6Kt-B3, 7 Q-Q'2 7 KKt-K2, 8 Kt-B3 8 Kt-Kt3, 9 B-B4+. 

2 5 B-K3 results in a similar position. 

3 7 P-B3 is inferior; 8 B-R4 8 Kt-R3, 9 Kt-B3 9 Q-Q2, 10 0-0-0 10 B-K2, 11 KR-Ksq, 

with a good opening. 

4 This move, the invention of Herr Paulsen, the "Handbuch" considers far 

superior to 5 P-K5. 

5 Continued 13 Q x Kt 13 Q a Q, UBxQ 11 KR-Ksq, 15 B-K2 15 B-QKt5=. 

6 Morphy and Riviere recommend 7 P-KB4 7 B-KKt-3, 8 Kt-KB3 8 P-QB3, 9 P-KR3+. 



22 




Tablc VIII. 


— PHILIBOR'S : 


DEFENSE. 






7 


8 


9 




10 


11 


12 


1 


P-K4 














P-K4 














2 


Kt-KB3 














P-Q3 














3 


P-Q4 
PxP 














KtKB38 


B-Kt5 ? 


Kt-Q2 


4 


B-QB4 
Kt-K133 




Kt-B3! 
PxP 




PxP 9 


PxP 


B-QB4 11 


B-K2 


KtxP 


BxKt 


Kt-Kt3 


5 


Kt-Kt5 
B-K3 


B-QB3 
P-Q6 


QxP 
B-K2 




B-QB4 
P-QB3 


QxB 


B-K13 


PxP 


PxP 


6 


BxB 
PxB 


Q-Kt3 


B-K3 
O-O 




0-0 
P-Q4 


B-QB4 


QxP 


B-K3 


Q-Q2! 10 


B-K3 


7 


KtxP 


BxB 


0-0-0 




B-Q3 


Q-QK13 


Kt-B3 


Q-K2 


PxB 


Kt-B3 




Kt-B4 


P-QB3 


Kt-K2 


8 


KtxQP 
QxPch 


QxKtP 


Q-Q2 
P-QR8 




B-K3 


- P-QB4 


B-K3 


Kt-Q2 


B-Kt5 


— B-Q3 


Kt-B3 


9 


Q-K2 - 

Q x Qch- 


- Q-Kt5 

- KKt-B3 


B-Q3 


+ 




0-0 + 


Q-Q3 — 
KtK4 — 


10 




Kt-KKt5 














R-QKtsq 












11 




Q-K4 
O-O 












12 




Kt x KP 













7 Continued from a game Morphy-Barnes: 13 Kt x Kt 13 P x Kt, 14 Q-B4ch 14 K-Rsq, 
. 15 0-0+. ' 

8 In the "Chess World," 1869, p. 69, Jaenisch advocated this as Black's best move; 

the " Handbuch " declares it to be inferior to 3 P x P. 

9 Or, 4 B-KKt5! 4PxP!5QxP5 B-K2, 6 Kt-B3 6 00, 7 0-0-0 V Kt-B3=. 

10 If 6 Q-B3, 7 Q-QKt3, followed by 8 Kt-QB3+, or if 6 Kt-KB3, 7 Q-QKt3 wins a 

Pawn. 

11 Herr Steinitz recommends 4 P-QB3. 



Table IX.— PHILIDOR'S DEFENSE. 23 



13 14 15 16 17 18 

P-K4 

P-K4 
Kt-K B3 



P-Q3 

P-Q4 B-B4 

Mbi B-K2! 16 P-KB4 

Kt B8!12 PxKP P-Q4 P-Ql 



PxQP Kt-KB3 PxKPl3BPxP PxP Kt-QB3 

Q x P P x KP QKtxP Kt-Kt5 KtxP Kt-Kt5!17 

PxP ~ KtxP P-Q4 P-Q4 Kt-KB3 Kt-KPv3 



a B-KKt5 KtxKt KtxP P-K6 Kt-QB3 P-Q5 

" Kt-K B 3 PxKt PxKt B-QB4 14 O-O Kt-K2 

„ Kt x P Kt-Kt5 Q-K5ch Kt x KP— 15 O-O Kt-QB3 



B-K2 P-Q4 P-KKt3 B-K2— KtxP P-B3 

B-QB4 P-K6 KtxP KtxKt P-B4 



Kt-B3 B-B4 Kt-KB3 P-Q4 PxQP 

Q-K3 Kt x KP + Q-Koeh-f BxP P x QP 



Kt-QR4 QxB P-Ko 



-, r, B-Kt5eh Kt-QB3 B-Ktoch 



K-B2 Q-Qsq P-Q2 

-. -j B x Kt 4- B-B4 — Kt-Kfi+ 



Kt-R3 — 



12 Ilerr Zukertort's attack, now generally preferred to the old attack 4Px KP. 

13 Or 1 Kt QR3, 5 B-QKt5 5 P x KP, 6 QKt x P 6 P-Q4, 7 Kt x P 7 P x Kt, 8 Kt x Kt 

8 PxKt, 9 Bx Pch+. 

14 If 6 Kt-KR3. 7 Kt-QB3 7 P-B3, 8 KKtxKP 8 PxKt, 9 Q-R5ch 9 P-KKt3, 10 Q-Ko 

10 R-Kt.sq, 11 B-KKt5, This move decides the game in White's favor. If Biac. 
now plav 11 B-Q3 of 11 Q-Q3, White wins bv 12 R-Qsq. If 11 Q-KtS, 12 O-O-O 12 
Kt-Kt:., 13 Q-B4, and wins; and if 11 li-Kf_>, 12 P-K7 12 Q-Kt3 13 O-O-O, sacrificing 
the Queen and winning. 

15 If 7 Kt-B7? 7 Q-B3, 8 B-K3 8 P-Q>. See a game,. Barnes-Morphy. Morphy's 

Games, p. 280. 

16 Or 3 P-QB3, 4 P-Q4 4 P-Q I, 5 Px QP 5 P-K5, 6 Kt-K5 6P«P, etc., leading to an even 

game. 

17 Or 5 QP x P 5 QP x P, G Q x Qch 6 Kt x Q, 7 Kt x P 7 P x P=. 



24 



SECTION IV. 
THE KNIGHT'S GAME OF RUY LOPEZ. 



1 



P-K4 



Kt-KB3 



B-Kt5 



P-K4 " Kt-QB3 

The invention of this powerful attack has been erroneously ascribed to 
Euy Lopez, a Spanish priest, who wrote a treatise on Chess, in Spanish 
(1561), which was afterward translated into Italian and French. 

The continuation 3 B-Kt5 is noticed in the Gottingen MSS. (1490), and 
Lucena (1497), consequently we can not give to Lopez the credit of its in- 
vention. 

It has attained universal popularity in all important matches and tourna- 
ments, and was so frequently adopted in the Paris Tourney, 1878, and in the 
late match between Zukertort and Rosenthal, that it has been remarked it 
seems as if our Chess masters hold the opinion that the advantage of the first 
move can not be maintained in any other opening if we except the close 
game. 

The positions in the Four Knight's Game are similar and often identical 
with the Lopez; it should therefore be studied in connection with this open- 
ing as the most important variation in the Lopez, 4 Kt-QB3 transfers the 
game into the Four Knight's Opening. 

Herren Zukertort, Rosenthal, and other first-rates, have rejected Morphj's 
favorite defense 3 P-QR3, probably on account of the dullness of the posi- 
tions which arise therefrom, but Steinitz says, in the Field, that he does not 
think any palpable inferiority can be demonstrated for the second player if 
he adopts 3 P-QR3, which is another way of saying that it is useful in cer- 
tain variations to have played 3 P-QR3, and that in others it does not in any 
way compromise or materially alter the position. 

Black has six defenses — 



First 


3P-QR3! 


Second 


3Kt-B3! 


Third 


3 Kt-Q5 


Fourth 


3 KKt-K2 


Fifth 


3B-B4? 


Sixth 


3 P-KKt3 ...... 



Col. 1- 


-12 


' 


13- 


-20 


' 


21- 


-24 




25- 


-27 


' 


28- 


-29 


< 


30 





Table X.-RUY LOPEZ KNIGHTS' GAME. 25 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 



l 

P-K4 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

B-Kt5 

P-QR3 1 

B-B4 

Kt-B3 



P-Q3 2 r Kt-QB39A ^| 

P=Q3~ B^Bl I ~J 

P-B3 3 B x Ktch 8 P-B3 

P-KKt3 B-K2 PxB ~ P-QKt4 

P-KB3 QKt-Q2 P-KR3 P-KR3 B-Kt3 



B-Kt2 B-Kt2 O-O P-Kt3 P-Q3! " P-Q4? 

B-K3 Kt-Bsq Q-K2 B-K3 — P-KU3 P x P 

Q^K2 O-O ~~ Kt-Ktq B^KKt2-9 P-KH3 KtxP 

Q-Kt-Q2 Kt-Kt3 5 P-KK14 0-0 — 0-0 



P-li3 P-QKt4 P-QKt4 O-O — O-O 

Q-K2 B-B2 B-B2 Kt x P-f 

B^K3 P-Q4 B-QKt2 

p.Q4 0-0 QKt-Q2 



P x P P-K3 Q-Q2 7 

PxP— B-Q2 — 
B-Q2 —4 B-K3 —6 



i This defense was, until lately, adopted in nil important contests, but it is now 
considered unnecessary to play it immediately, as in certain variations it is a 
loss of time. 

2 The favorite attack of the Germanschool has, at last, superseded the more showy 

continuations 5 P-Ql and 0-0. 

3 Introduced by Steinitz in his match with Blackburne, its object is to preserve the 

King's Bishop, and to rest the game upon the confinement of the Black King's 
Bishop. 

4 From a game in the Rosenthal-Zukertort match, these moves are pronounced by 

the Editor of the Field as sound, and iu accordance with the principles of this 
form of attack. 

5 Herr Steinitz counsels the maneuvering the Kt to K3. 

6 From another game in the Rosenthal-Zukertort match. 

7 The first player retains the attack, and continues Kt-Bsq and Kt-K3. This varia- 

tion is from a game in the Steinitz-Blackburne match. 

8 The old continuation, played by Anderson, which leaves Black with an isolated 

QRP and a doubled Pawn on the QB file. 

9 This variation illustrates the opening of first rate match games. White usually 

continues 9 Kt-QB3, and proceeds to bring it to KKbJ by way of K2. 

9a This attack, introduced by Blackburne, was exceedingly popular at the Paris 
Tourney, 1878. It is a variation of the Four Knights' Game, and is analyzed 
under that opening. 



26 Table XI.— RUY LOPEZ KNIGHTS' GAME. 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


1 


P-K4 
P-K4 












2 


Kt-KB3 












Kt-QB3 




3 


B-Kt5 
P-QR3 












4 


B-R4 
Kt-B3 












5 


0-0 
KtxP lO 






P-Q4 
PxP 11 


Q-K2 13 

PQ-1U4! 




6 


P-Q4 
P-QKt4 




R-Ksq 
Kt B4 


P-K5 
Kt-K5 


B-Kt3 
B-Kt2 14 




B-B4 15 


7* 


B-Kt3 
P-Q4 




BxKt 
QPxB 


O-O 


P-Q3 
B-B4 


P-QR4 


B-K2 


R-QKtsq 


8 


PxP 




P-Q4 
Kt-K3 


R-Ksq 


P-B3 
O-O 


PxP 


B-K3 


Kt.K2 


Kt-B4 


PxP 


9 


B-K3 
B-K2 


B-K3 


KtxP 
B-K2 


BxKt 


0-0 — 
P-Q3 — 


Kt-B3 


B Kt2 


QPxB 


P-Kt5 


10 


Q-K2 
Kt-R4 


QKt-Q2 
Kt xKt 


B-K3 - 
O-O — 


KtxP — 
0-0 12 — 




Kt-Q5 
O-O 


11 


KKt-Q2- 
Kt-B4 — 


QxKt — 








0-0 — 
P-Q3 — 



10 Or 5 B-K2, P-Q4 I' x P, 7 1>-K 5 same as Col. 10. 

11 5 Kt x KP or 5 Kt x QP are inferior. 

First 5 KtxKP, 6 0-0 6 B-K2, 7 PxP 7 0-0, 8 P-B3+. 

Second 5 Kt x QP, G Kt x Kt 6 P x Kt, 7 P-K5 7 Kt-K5. S Q x P + . 

12 The " Handbuch " dismisses the game as even. The usual continuation is 11 

Kt-QB3. Black should replv 11 P-B3 to avoid the following variation:— 11 
Kt-QB3 11 Kt-K3, VI Kt-B5 12 B-Kt4, 13 Q-Kt4 13 B x B, 14 QRxB 14 Q-Kt4, 15 
Qx Q 15 Ktx Q, 16 Kt-K7ch 16 K-Rsq, 17 P-B4, etc. 

13 The Editors of the "Chess Monthly' censure this early development of the 

Queen. 

14 Played by Herr Zukertort at the Hamburg Tourney. 

15 Or 6 B-K2, 7 P-QR4 7 P-Kt5, 8 P-B3 8 0-0=. 



Table XII.— RUY LOPEZ KNIGHTS' GAME. 27 


13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


1 P-K4 
1 P-KI 






















Kt-KB3 

-' Kt-QB3 












o B-Kt5 
6 Kt-13316 






















1 o-o 

4 KtxP 








P-Q4 
PxP 




r P-Q4 

° B^K2 






K-Kfq 
Kt-QH 


O-O 




B-K2 




fi Pv-Ksq 
" Kt-Q3 


Q-K2 
Kt-Q3 


P-Q5 
Kt-Q3 


Kt x P 19- 

Kt x Kt 


P-K5 




Kt-K5 




m BxKt 


BxKt 
KtPxB 


B-K2 
P-K5 


E x Ktch 
B-K2 


KtxP 
O-O 21 


R-Ksq 


' O.Px B 


Kt-B4 24 


o PxP - 
Kt-B4-17 


PxP 
Kt-Kt2 


Px Kt 


B-R4 20 
O-O 


Kt-B5 22 
P-Q4 


Kt x P 25 


PxKt 


Kt xKt 


9 


B-K3-18 


P x Pch 


B-Kt3 


Kt x Bch 


Qx Kt 


O-O — 


BxP 


B-B3 


Kt x Kt 


O-O 


10 




BxP — 


Pv-Ksq 


P-KI33 
P-QU3 


B-K3 — 




O-O — 


Kt-B4 


P-Q4 — 


11 






P-QI53 
P-Q4 


PxKt — 






Q-Kt3ch— 23 




12 






P-Q4 — 
P-KK43 — 







16 The Berlin Defense now becoming the must popular on account of the trans- 

formation of this opening into the Four Knights' Game. 

17 Played twice in the Rosenthal-Zukert6rt match. White continued by ex- 

changing Queens, but the usual move is 9 Q-K2. 

18 The attack 6 Q-KJ was twice adopted by Winawer in the celebrated tie match 

at the Paris Tourney, but Winawer here played 9 Kt-Ql. 

19 Or G B x Kt 6 QP x B, 7 Kt x P 7 B-K2, 8 P-Q: 1 , 8 0-0=, etc. 

20 If 8 P-Q4 the correct answer is 8 KtxB!, 9 RxKt 9 P-Q4, and not 8 P-KB3, on ac- 

count of 9 R-Ksq. 

21 If 7 QKtxP, 8 R-Ksq. 

22 In another game, in the Rosenthal-Zukertort match, S R-Ksq was played, but it 

is interior to S Kt-B5 recommended by Steimtz. 

23 This column is from the Rosenthal-Zukertort match. 

24 7 Kt-Ktl is worthy of analysis. 

25 If 8 B x Kt, the variation is similar to Col. 10. 



28 Table XIII— BUY LOPEZ KNIGHTS' GAME. 





19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


1 


P-K4 












P-K4 












2 


Kt-KB3 












Kt-QB3 












3 


B-Kt5 
Kt-B3 












Kt-Q5 27 




4 


P-Q4 26 
Kt x QP? 




Kt xKt 
PxKt 




B-Bl 29 

Kt x Ktch 


B-R4 30 


KtxKP 


Kt x Ktch 


5 


Kt x Kt 
PxKt 


P-Q5 


P-Q3 
P-QB3 


0-0 
P-QB3 


QxKt 


QxKt 


Kt-Q3 


Q-B3 


B-B4 


6 


QxP 
P-B3 


BxKt 


B-QB4 


B-K4 
Kt-K2 


Q-QKt3 
B-B4 


Q-KKt3 


KtPxB 


Kt-B3 


Q-B3 


i 


B-QB4 
P-Q4 


PxP 
P-K5 


0-0 
P-Q4 


P-Q3 


0-0 


Kt-B3 


P-Q3 


P-Q3 


P-B3 


8 


PxP 
KtxP 


Kt-Q4 
PxP 


PxP 


P-K5 


Kt-B3 
P-B3 


P-Q3. 


KtxP 


Kt-Kt3 


Kt-K2 


9 


KI-B3+ 


KtxP — 


Kt-Q2 


P.KB4+ 


P-Q3 
Kt-K2 


B-K3 31 


q-q-z - 


B-K3 


B-Kt3 


10 






Kt-K4 — 




B-K3+ 


0-0 






B-K2-28 






P-KR3 


11 












P-KB4+ 32 



26 The variations arising; from the attacks 4 P-Q3 and 4 Q-K2 are similar to the 

columns 1 and 11, but in a consultation game — Bird and Mason v. Blaekburne 
and II offer— the following variation occured:— 4 Q-K2 4 B-B4, 5 B xKt 5 QPxB, 
6 Ktx 1* 6 Q-Q5, etc., ending in a draw. 

27 Mr. Bird's defense. 

28 From a game in the Vienna Tourney — Anderson- Blaekburne. 

29 The Editors of the Vienna Tourney Games recommended this move. 

30 Recommended in " La Strategie." 

31 If 9 B-KKto, the answer would be 9 B x Pch. 

32 From a consultation game between Del mar and Mackenzie and Brenzinger and 

Mason. — See " Chess Flayer's Chronicle," 1S78, p. 60. 



Table XIV.— RUY LOPEZ KNIGHTS' GAME. 

25 26 27 28 29 30 

P-K4 
P-K4 
Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB.3 
B-IU5 



1 

2 
3 
4 
5 

P-QB3 P-.QR3T34Kt-QB37 B-Kt3 P7P lvKt-K2 

7 B ~ R4 _ B - R4 Bxlvt Kt-R3 B x P P-QB3 

P4J4 P-QKt4 KlPxB Kt-Qsq B-Kt3 CMj~ 



KKt-K2? B-B4 P-KKt3 37 

P-Q4 ! 33 P-B3 P- Q4 

PxP Q-K2 35 KKt-K2 RTF - 

KtxP O-O 0-0 KtxP 



Kt x Kt P-B3 O-O B-Kt2 

QxKt P-Q4 P-Q4 B-K3 



Kt-B3 B-Kt3 0-0+ Kt-B4 P-Qy 0-0+ 

B~K3 Kt-B3 

B-K3+ Q-Q5 — 



Q-B3 



P-B3 


O-O 


P-Q4 


P-Q4 


B-Kt3 


PxP 


Kt-R3 


BxP 


Kt-Qsq 


B-K13 


Kt-B4 


P-Q5 


Kt-B2 


Kt-Ktsq 


Kt-K3 


P-Q6 


P-B3 


PxP 


Kt-B5+ 36 B-KB4+ 



33 The strongest continuation, as played by Blackburne against Steinitz, in tlie 

Vienna Tournev; it prevents the second player from developing his game by 
P-KKt3 and B-Kt2. The other continuations for White 1 O-O and P-B.'i are 
obsolete. 

34 This vacation is taken from the " Chess Player's Chronicle," June, 1878. 

35 Mr. Boden's defense, 

36 From a game between Morphy and Lowenthal. 

37 The other defenses at Black's command are 3 P-B4, 3 Q-B3, and :'> P-Q:i; they are 

never adopted in any important contest, and result, with best play, unfavorably 
for Black. 



30 



SECTION V. 
THE SCOTCH GAMBIT. 

1 P " K4 9 Kt-KB3 P-Q4 

1 P-K4 * Kt-QB3 

This variation of the King's Knight's attack is replete with interest and 
Variety; it is often adopted with success in important match games, by the 
"greatest Ch^ss masters of the day, though the result of modern analysis is 
in favor of the second player. * 

The first notice of this opening occurs in the early Italian writers, Ercole 
Del Kio and Lolli; and was first treated in its minor details by the "Anony- 
mous Modencsc" (1750), but received little attention till the celebrated match 
between London and Edinburgh; to the complete success of the Scotch, in 
both the attack and defense of the opening, its designation is owing. 

Every theorist admits that Black can not, without decided loss, refuse to 
capture the proffered Pawn. 
He has two methods — 

First 3PxP 

Second 3KtxP 

In the reply 3 P x P White can continue thus — 

4 Kt x ? ..... 

4T3-QB4 

4 P-B3 ...... 



Col. 


1-37. 


" 


38-42. 


Col. 


1-21. 


u 


22-30. 


If 


37. 



Table XV.-SCOTCH GAMBIT. 31 



1 
2 

3 

4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 



l 

P-K4 



P-K4 
Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB3 
P-Q4 

FxP 
Kt x P 1 



Q-R5 2 

Kt-Kt5 Q-Q3 



B-Ktoch8 "**" B-B4? Kt-B3 

P-B3 4 B-Q2 Kt-Q2? Q-B3 Kt-Q2 8 

QxKPch Q x KPch Q x KPch Kt-Q5 B-B4 

B K3 B- K2 B-K2 Kt x Pch P- QB3 

B-K4 " K-Qsq QxKtP K-Qsq P-Q4 

Kt-Q2 O-O B-B3 Q-B4 PxP 



Q-K2 BxB Q-K6 Kt x Pch Kt x Kt 

Kt-B4 KtxB QxB Kt x Pch K-Qsq PxKt 



P-Q3 " Q-KB5 P-QK3 K-Qsq QxQ QxQP 

Q-K4+ P-B4 QKt-B3 Kt x U B x Q QxQ 

Kt-B3 5 Q-K4 " Kt-B3 _ " Kt x K B x Q 

Kt-KB3 Kt-R3 P-B3 KtxB+ B-B4 



Kt-KKto P-QKt4 K-Ksqcu U-O — 

P-KKt3 B-B3 B-K2 

QTB3 KKt-K2 Q-Kt7 



io Kt-B3 QR-Qsq Pv-Bsq 

R-Ksq 6 li-QKtsq -j- Kt-Q4 7 



1 This line of play, recovering- the Gambit Pawn at once, is at least as strong, if not 

stronger, than 4 B-QB4, and the attack is more enduring. 

2 Mr. Pulling's counter attack; given by tlie "Handbuch" as Black's best reply. 

3 This and Black's following move cannot with safety be reversed; for if 5 QxKPch, 

then (i BKo G B-Ktdch, 7 Kt-Q2, etc., with the better game. 

4 This variation has not yet been properly analyzed, but if the best moves are 

given lor Black in this column, it will go far toward abolishing the defense 
4 Q-R5. 

5 10 Kt-R3 is stronger, as pointed out by Messrs. Steinitz and Potter. 

6 The above moves occurred in a correspondence game between Vienna and Lon- 

don, won by the latter. 

7 Continued in a game between Herren Rosenthal and Steinitz, as follows: — 

14 Kt-B4 14 15 x Pch, 15 PxB 15 Kt x P, lfi Kt-K:'. 16 R x Kt, 17 B x R 17 Kt x Q, 

15 R x Kt 18 Q x RP, and Black should win. 

8 To avoid 6 B-Kt5, etc. 



32 



Table XVI.— SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



7 

P-K4 

P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 

PxP 

KtxP 

Q-K5 

Q-Q3 

Kt-B3 

Kt xKt 

QPxKt 

Kt-B3 

Ji-QKt5 

B-Q2 

BxKt 

Bx B 

Q x KPch 

QxQ 

KtxQ 

BxP+ 

KR-Ktsq 



10 



11 



12 



Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3 9 

B-Kt5 

Q-Q3 

B x Ktch 

PxB 

Kt-B8+ 



Q x KPch 

B-K2 

B-Xtoch 

P-QB3 

B-B4 

0-0 

Kt-B3 

P-QKt4 

B-Kt3 

B-q-6 

Q-Kt5 

P-KR3 

Q-B4 

R-Ksqch 

K-Qsq 

P-QKt5+ 



Q-K2 

B-Kt5 

Kt-B3 

Kt-B3 

Q-Qsq 

BxKt 

QxB 

Kt-Q5 

Q-Qsq 

Kt-Q4 

P-QK3 

Q-Q3 — 
B-K2 — 

Q-KKtS 



P-Q3 

0-0 

QK2 

B QKt5 

B-K3 

Kt-Q4 

Q-Q2 

R-K^q 

KKt-K2 

Q-K2 

O-O-O 

B-Kt5 

K-Ktsq 

BxKKt 



B-B4 
O-O 



KKt-K2 

Kt-B3 

Q-Kt8 

R-Ksq 

P-Q3 

Kt-Qo 

K-Qs 4 

B-Q3 

Q-K4 

Kt-B4 

Q-Kt5 

P-KR3 + 



Kt x KtlO B x B 11 Q-Q2 



This move is the invention of Mr. G. B. Fraser, and leads to many interesting and 
difficult positions. A good analysis of its principal variations, by Mr. Fraser, 
is to be found in the January and February numbers of ''The Cliess Player's 
Chronicle," 1877. 

10 To be followed up by 14 Q x KtP 14 Kt x BPch, 15 K-Q2 15 R-KBsq, 16 K x Kt 

16 P-Q3, 17 QR-Ksq with the better game. 

11 Continued thus, 11 B x Kt 14 P x B, 15 Q-QR6 15 B-Q4, 16 Kt-QB3 16 B-KB3, 

17 Kt x B 17 B x Kt, 18 Kt-QKt4 18 B-QKt3, 19 R-K7 19 Q-Bsq, 20 Kt x Pch 20 K-Rsq, 
21 Q-Q3 21 QR-Ksq, 22 Q-K4, etc., with a grand game. 



Table XVII.-SCOTCH GAMBIT. 38 





13 




14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


1 


P-K4 














P- Kt 














2 


Kt-KB3 














Kt-QB3 














3 


P-Q4 
PxP 














4 


Kt x P 














B-B4 




5 


B-K3 11 














Q-B3 














6 


P-QB3 






■ 








KKt-K2 














7 


B-K2 






B-QB4 


B-QKt5 


P-KB4 




P-Q3 


P 


Q4! 


0-0 A 


P-QK3B 


P-Q4 


Q-KK_t3 


8 


0-0 


B-B3 


0-0 


BxKt 


P-K5 


Q-B3 


P-KK412 


P 


xP 


Kt-K4 


KtxB 


Q-R3 


Kt x Kt 


9 


P-KB4 
Q-Kt3 


B 


xP 


B-K2! 
P-Q3 


0-0 
O-O 


Q-Q2 
BxKt 


PxKt 


B 


xKt 


B-Kt5ch 


10 


Q Q3 13 


P 


xB — 


KtQ2 


P-KB4 


Px-B 


Kt-B3 


P-lvj 


0-U — 


B-Q2 


P-Q3 


Kt-B4 


P-Q4 


11 


B-B3 






P.KB4 — 
QKt-Kt3 — 


Q-Q2 
B-Q2 


B-Kt5 
O-O 


P-K5 


P-B4 


B-Kt5 


12 


P-K5 
PxP 








Q-KB2 


Kt B3 


Q-B2 15 


<JK-Ksq 


B-K3 




13 


KtxKt— 
P-K5 — 








Kt-Q2 
Q-K2 14 


B x Kt — 




Px B — 





11 This move is considered stronger than either 5 Kt x Kt, or the old move of 

5 Kt-B5. 

12 Played by Herr Anderssen against Dr. Znkertort. 

13 10 P-B5 is weak, for Black could then play 10 Q-B3, followed by 11 Kt-K4. 

14 These moves were played in a game between Mr. Wavte and Mr. Kanken, pub- 

lished in ■"! Lie Chess flayer's Chronicle," September, 1880. 

15 And White appears to have rather the best of the game. 

A The "Handbuch " and Gossip recommend 7 Q-Xt3, S 0-0 S Kt-K4, 9 P-Q3 9 P-Q4. 
B Or Kt xKt, as preferred by the "Chess Monthly." 
3 



Table XVIII.- SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


1 P-K4 






















Kt-KB3 

* Kt-QB3 






















q P-Q4 

d PxP 












. KtxP 
4 B-QB4 






...... 


B-QB4 
B-B4 




Kt-B3 




£ Kt x Kt 
" Q-B3 


Kt-QB3 16 
B-Kt5 


KtxKt 
KtP x Kt 




P-B3 
P-Q6 21 


0-0 
P-Q3 


fi Q-B3 
° QxQ 


B-KKt5 
P-KK3 


B-Q3 17 
P-Q4 




P-QKt4 
B-Kt3 


P-B3 
B-KKt5 22 


7 PxQ 
' KtPxKt 


BxKt 


P-K5 
Kt-Q2 18 


Q-K2! 
B-K2 


Q-Kt3 


Q-Kt3 


QxB 


Q-K2 


Kt-K4 


fi B-KB4 
5 P-Q3 


Kt-Kt5 
B-E4 


0-0 
Q-Pv5 


0-0 


0-0 


B x Pch! 


0-0 


P-Q3 


K-Bsq 


Q B,B4 
y B-K3 


Q-Q2 
P-R3 


P-KB4 
B-B4ch 


B-KB4 

R-QKtsql9 


P-QR4 
P-QK3 


Q-E4 
KxB 


^q Kt-Q2 — 


Kt-R3 
BxKt 


K-Ksq 

0-0 


Kt-Q2 
R-Ksq 


B-KKt5 

Kt-B3 


QxKt 


BxKt 


11 


QxB 


Kt-Q2 


P-K5 
B-Bsq 


QKt-Q2 
0-0 


PxB 


Q x Qch 


Q-K2 


Kt-B3 


12 


PxQ — 


Kt-B3+ 


Kt-Kt3 
Kt-Q2 


BxQP 
B-K3 


PxP — 


BxP — 


13 






B-Kt3 
P-QB4 20 


Q-B2 — 




Kt-K4 — 





16 5 B-KKt5 or 5 B-QB4 also results in an even game. 

17 6 P-K5 is favorable for Black. 

18 7 Kt-Kto, followed by S 0-0 8 B-QB4 at first sight appears stronger, but White 

can reply with 9 B-KB4 and afterward drive back the Kt. 

19 9 R-Ksq is stronger. 

20 These moves are taken from a consultation game played by Messrs. Zuker- 

tort and Blackburne against Messrs. Steinitz and Potter. 

21 If 5 Kt-B3 or 5 P-Q3 see " Giuoco Piano " opening. 

22 6 P x P is weak; 7 Q-Kt3 7 Q-B3, 8 Kt x P 8 KKt-K2, 9 Kt-Q5 9 Kt x Kt, 10 P x Kt 

10 Kt-K2, 11 B-KKt5 11 Q-Kt.3, 12 B-Kt5ch 12 P-QB3, 13 B x Kt, 13 K x B, 
14 KB-Ksqch, with a winning position. 



Table XIX. SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



35 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



25 

F-K4 

P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 

PxP 

B-QB4 

B-B4 

0-0 

P-Q3 

P-B3 

B-KKt5 

Q-Kt3 

BxKt 

B x Pch 

K-Bsq 

BxKt 

ExB 

PxB 

P-KKt4 

Q-Qsq 

Q-Q2 

P-Kt4 

B-Kt3 

B-Kt2 

P-QO 23 



26 



27 



28 



29 



30 



P-K5 

FTP - 

Kt x KP 



Kt x Kt 

R-Ksq 

Kt-K2 

RxKt 

B-Q3 

R-K4 

P-QB4 

B-Kt5ch 

B-Q2 

B x Bch 

Qx B + 



P QKt4 

BxP 

P-B3 

BxP 

KtxB 

PxKt 

Q-Kt3 

Q-B3 

R-Ksq 

KKt-K2 

B-KKt5 

Q-Kt3 

BxKt 

KtxB 

P-K5 

P-Q4 24 



Kt-Kt5 

Kt-R3! 

Kt x BP 

KtxKt 

B x Ktch 

KxB 

Q-R5ch 

P-KKt3 

Q-Q5ch 

K-Kt2 

QxB 

P-Q3 

Q-B4 

R-Ksq + 



QxB 


P-Q4 


0-0! 


B-K3 


P-QB3 


PxKP 


PxP 



QxP + 



Q-R5 



Q-K2 
O-O 



P-Q3 
P-KR3 
B-Q2 ! 
P-B4 
0-0-0 25 



23 The following continuation is from "The Handbuch " :— 14 Q x P 14 Kt-KI, 

15 Q-K2 15 Q R6, 16 lvt-Q2, 16 P-Kt5, and Black wins. 

24 If 14 B x P 14 Ktx B, and then Castles, with a safe position and two Pawns ahead. 

25 Mr. Worm aid, in "The Chess Openings," says Black preserves the Gambit 

Pawn, with at least an equal position. 



9 
10 
11 
12 
13 



36 Table XX.— SCOTCH GAMBIT. 

31 32 33 34 35 36 

1 P-K4 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 



P-K4 

Kt-KE3 

Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 

PxP 

B-QD4 

1VB4 B-Kt5ch 

Kt-Kt5 P-B3 



Kt-K3 PxP 

Q-R5 0-0 ! PxP 



Q-B3 PxP P-B7 B-R4 

P-B4 B x KtP QxBP _ P-K5 29 

P^Q3 Kt-B3 26 IMp KKt-K230 

P-KR3 Kt-Kt5 P-QR3 B-R3 31 

B^Q2 (MJ B-QB4 LW3 

0-0 P-K5 P-QKt4 0-0 



Q-Kt3 P-Q4 KtxP! QKt-Q5 K-Rsq P-K K3 

Q-B3 PxKt BxKt B x KBPch Kt-Kt5 Q-Kt3 



O-O-O PxB P-Q4 K-Bsq KtxP E-Kt3 

P-B5 Q-R5 B-Q3 Q-Q3 Kt x RP QKt-Q2 



Q-B3 P-KK3 Kt-Kt5 Q-KB3 KtxB! K-K>q 

K-Esq Kt-K4 Kt-KB3 B-KR5 28 BxKt Kt-K4 



Kt-K4 P-B6 KtxB QxB Kt-K4 

Q-QKt3 QKtxP+ KtxKt Q-R5 Q-R4 + 

B-B3 + " Q-B3 27 P-KKt3 32 



26 7 B : Bsq 7 P-B3 or 7 K-Bsq results favorably for White. 

27 Continued thus: 14 P-B4 14 B-B4ch, 15 K-Rsq 15 P-KKt3, 16 B-B2=. 

28 The above moves are given by Mr. Gossip in " The Chess Player's Manual." 

29 This move, the invention of Mr. Cochrane, is considered unsound. 

30 7 P-Q3 or 7 P-Q4 gives White an advantage. 

31 8 Kt-Kt5 or 8 Q-1U3 is unfavorable to White. 

32 Continued thus: 14 Q-R6 14 K-Ktsq, 15 Kt-Q2 15 B x P, 1G Kt-Kt5 16 P-KB3+. 



Table XXI.-SCOTCH GAMBIT. 37 

37 38 39 40 41 42 

P-K4 
p7kX~ 

Kt-KB3 



3 
4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 



P x P Kt x P 

P-B3 Kt x P Kt x Kt 



P x P Kt-K3 P x Kt 

B-QB4 P-KB4 B-QB4 QxP 



Kt-B3 B-B4 P-QB3 Kt-K'2 

Kt-Kt533 Kt-KB3 BxKt KtxKBP35 B-QB4 



Kt-K4 


P-Q3 


B-Kt3 


P-B5 


P-Q4 


Kt-Bsq 


KPxP 


Kt-B3 



Q-B3 Q-Pv4ch K x Kt Kt-B3 

P-K5 Kt-B3 BxKtch Q-Q5 



Q-Kt3 Q x KKt K x B Q-B3 

Kt-B3 B-Kt3 0-0 O-O 36 



B-QKt5 Q-K'2 B-Kt5 B-B4 P-Q4 B-Kt5 

O-O B-Q3 B-Q3 0-0 — ll-Ksq _ P-QB3 — 

O-O " KT7U3 Q x KtP " Kt-B3 — K-B2 ~ B-R4 — 

QKtxP B-KKt5 R-KKtsq B-K3 

P-KK3 " F-B3 Q^KU B-QKt5 

KKt-K4 Q-K2 + R-Kt3 P-QB3 

KtTKt " Q-K4 B-K4 

.Kt x Kt P-B5 B-Q4 



Q-Ku Kt-B4 Kt-B3 

Q-Q4 R x P 4 P-K5 



B-Q3 34 Kt-K5 + 



33 6 0-0 is much stronger. 

34 These moves were played in a game between Hen Metger and Dr. Zukertort. 

35 This attack was suggested by Mr. Cochrane, and, though hazardous, requires to 

be carefully answered by Black. 

36 These moves occurred in the memorable game between the Edinburgh and 

London Clubs, but the former here played 8 Kt-QB3; Mr. Staunton considered 
8 O-O better, as this allows Black no favorable opportunity of bringing the 
King's Bishop into the field. 



38 



SECTION VI. 

THE QUEEN'S BISHOP'S PAWN'S GAME. 

P-K4 9 Kt-KB3 P-QB3 

1 P-K4 " Kt-QB3 6 

The opening we are about to consider has been popular in England, but 
seldom adopted by our Continental players. 

Staunton, in the " Handbook," first called particular attention to it, but 
the establishment of the best lines of defense to this attack is due primarily, to 
Mr. Fraser, of Dundee, Janssens, the Belgian, and Ernest Morphy, of New 
Orleans; and the results of their almost exhaustive analyses prove beyond 
a doubt that this opening is not to be recommended to the first player. 

Black has three defenses : — 
First 3 P-B4 Ponziani's Counter Gambit ...... Col. 1- 6 

Second 3 P-Q4 Queen's Pawn's Defense ...... "' 7-12. 

Third 3 Kt-B3 Jaenisch's Counter Game ...... " 13-18. 



Table XXII.— QUEEN'S BISHOP'S PAWN'S GAME. 39 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



1 

P-K4 

P-K4 

KKt-B3 

QKt-B3 

P-B3 

P-B4 11 

PxP 

P-Q3 

P-KKt4 

P-KR4 

Kt-Ktsq 

PxP 

QxP 

KKt-K2 

B-Q3 

P-KKt3+ 



P-Q4 



P x KP? 
Kt xP 
Kt-KB3 
B KKt5 
B-~KT~ 
B-Kto 

u-I> 

Q-Kt3ch 

P-Q4 

Kt x Kt 

PxKt 

BxP 

B-K3 

BxPv 
QxB 

Kt-R3 + 



P-Q3 ! „ 

PxKP? P-Q5 ! 6 

BPxP PxP 

Kt-Kt5 Kt-Kt5 

P-Q4 ! 1 Kt-Ktsq 

P-K6 2 Kt x KP 

Ki-K4 ! Kt-KB3 

Q-Q4 B-Q3 

Q-Q3 " Kt x P 7 

Kt-QR3 3 Kt-Kt5 

PTb1T4~~ Kt-KB3 

B-K B4 KtxP 

Kt-Q'Jch Kt x Kt 

B x Kt Q-lioch 

Q7B K-Q2 

Kt-B7 B x Kt 

Kt-K3 P-KKt3 

Kt x K Q-Kt4ch 

Kt-B4 5 K-B3 8 



QKt-K2 9 

B-Kt5eh 

B-Q2 

Q-Kt3 

PxP 

Kt-Kto 

BxB 

Qx Bch 

Q-Q2 

Q x KtP 

R-B^-q 

Kt x KP + 



B-QKt5 

PxKP 

KtxP 

PxKt 

J3 x Ktoli 

PxB 

Q-P5ch 

Q-B5ch 

K-K2 

Q-Kl5ch 

K-Ql 

Q-Boch 



K-K2 10 

Drawn by 
perpetual 
check. 



1 If 6 Kt x P, 7 Kt x KP 7 P-Q4, 8 Q-R5ch S Kt-KtS, 9 Kt-Kt5 9 Kt-KB3, 10 Q-K2eh 

10 B-K2, 11 Kt-KG, 11 B x Kt, 12 Q x B 12 Q-Q2+. 

2 Gossip gives 7 B-QKto as an equal game. 

3 If 9 B-KBI 9 Kt-QC.ch, 10 B x Kt 10 Q x B+. 

4 The "Handbuch," 6th edition, gives 9 Kt-QB3, 10 Q-R4 10 Kt-R3, 11 Kt-Kt.")+. 

5 Continued 11 Q-EU 14 B-B4, 15 0-0 15 B x KP, lb B-K2 lb K-K2+. 

6 This move is the invention of Dr. E. Schmidt; a full analysis is given In the 6th 

edition of the " Handbuch." 

7 If 8 P-B3, 9 P-QB1 9 P x P, 10 P x P 10 Q-R4ch, 11 QKt-B3 11 Kt x P, 12 B-Kt5eh+. 

8 Continued 14 Q-B3ch 14 P-Q4, 1 J B x P 15 P-K5, 16 Q-B7 lb B-Q3, 17 P-QB4+. 

9 If 5 Kt-Ktsq, 6 B-Q3 6 P x P, 7 B x P 7 Kt-KB3, 8 BKKt5 8 B-K2, 9 B x Kt 9 B x B, 

10 Q-B2+. 

10 If instead Black plays 11 K-Q3, 12 P x Pch 12 K-K: 

14 Qx Bch+. 

11 If 3 P-Q3, 4 B-QKt5 4 B-Q2, 5 P-Q4 5 Kt-KB3. 



13 B-Kt5ch 13K-Ksq, 



40 Table XXIII.— QUEEN'S BISHOP'S PAWN'S GAME. 



P-K4 KKt-B3 P-QB3 

1 P-K4 A QKt-B3 6 P-Q4! 

7 8 9 10 11 12 

B-Kt5 ! Q-Pv4 

PxP KKt-K214 FTP P-B3 15 

Kt x P Q-Pv4 Kt x P B-Kt5 



4 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 



Q-Q4 P-B3 Q-Q4 KKt-K2 

Q-E4 P-Q3 KtxKt PxP P-Q3 



KKt-K2 B-Q2 PxKt QxP B-Q2 

KtxKt P-KB4! O-O B-B4 O-O PxP 



KtxKt Px Fen pas P-QK3 Q-Q2 B-Q2 KtxP 

0-0 Kt x P B x Kt 0-0 B-B4 Q-K4 



B-Q2I12 P-QKB BxB Kt-B3 Q-B4 -f Kt-Kt3 

R-Ksq B-K2 ! 13 Q-B2 B-Ksq — P-Q4 



O-O-O Kt-Kt3 Kt-Kt3 B-K2 — P-QR3 

PvxP 0-0 — B-K3 — B-K2 



P-QKo + B-Q2 — B-0.3 — P-B4 

Q-B2 



P-K5 

Kt-Kt5 

Q-B3 ! 

Kt-KPv3 

P-Pt3 

P-QR4 

O-O-O 

P-R5 

Kt-Q4 

Kt-B4 

KtxKt 

BxKt 

P-KKt4 

B-Q2 16 



12 This continuation as played in a game between Potter and Steinitz, is superior 

to B-Q3, etc. 

13 This move is stronger than B-B4, as given in the second edition. 

14 This brings about a position in the Ruy Lopez Knight's Game. 

15 Introduced by Steinitz in '68 in a game played against Mr. AVisker. 

16 The above moves are taken from the second match game between Rosenthal 

and Zukertort. Black (Mr. Z.) now played B-Q3, and the game was drawn; he 
should have played, as he himself hasshown, in "The Chess Monthly," 18P-B5, 
19 P-Q5 19 Kt-K2, 20 P-B4 20 Q-Kt3, 21 Kt-B3 21 B-B4, 22 Q-Kt3 22 B-Kt2+. 



Table XXIV.— QUEEN'S BISHOP'S PAWN'S GAME. 41 





P-K4 
1 P-K4 


KKt-B3 


P-QB3 
6 Kt-KB3 






~ QKt-1 


S3 




13 


14 


15 




16 


17 


18 


P-Q4 
* P-Q4 17 


P-Q4 

Kt x KP 










B-Kt5 


KlxP 


r B-QKt5 
° KtxKP 


P-Q5 
B-B4 18 






Kt-Ktsq 


PxP 


O 


B-B4! 


Kt-Q3 


- Kt x P 
° B-Q2 


PxKt 

B x Peh 19 






B-Q3 
Kt-KB8 


Q-Q5 
BxPch 


BxKt 
QPxB 


- KtxB 
' Qxlvt 


K-K2 
QKtPxP2G 


i P-Q4 




KtxP 
B-B4 


K-K2 
P-KB4 


KtxP 
B-K2 


0-0 
° Kt-Q3 


Q-K4 
P-KB4 


PxP 




0-0 
O-O 


QKt-Q2 
Kt x Kt 


P-Q4 — 


B x P 




O-O — 


BxKt 
9 QxB 


QKt-Q2 
O-O 


Q-B4oh 
P-QB3 




P-QKt4 
P-Q3 


B xKt 
B-Ki3 




-I ... R-Ksqch 
1U B-K2 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 


QKt-Q2 
P-KB4 




Kt-B4 
B-Kt3 


R-Ksq 

Q-K2 




t1 Q-K2 
X± 0-U 


QxKP 
P-Q4 


Kt x Kt 
BP x Kt 




P-QE4 

B-Kt5 


K-Q*q 

Kt-Qsq 




1 B-B4 

- 1 — ' KK-Ksq - 


-QxKP 
- R-Ksq 


KxB 
O-O 




Q-B2 


B-Kt5 
Q-B2 




P-QB3 




13 


Q x Rch 


B-K3 
P x Kt 




PxP — 

PxP — 


B-QB4 
Kt-Ko - r 




Q x Qch 




14 


KxB + 


P-KKt3 


+ 









17 This defense, which first occurred in a game between Captain Kennedy and 

Mr. Lowe, was at one time greatly in vogue, but it is not so popular as 
4 Kt x KP. If instead of either of these moves Black plays -1 P-Q'3 White rejoins 
with 5 P-Q5, with a fine opening. 

18 This move, the invention of Mr. Frazer, is hazardous play; at the same time 

the defense requires a deal of care. 

19 Kt x P is also unfavorable. 

20 Many players prefer 7 P-Q4, as shown in next column. 



42 



SECTION VII. 

THE TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



Kt-KB3 B-B4 



P-K4 " KtQB3 " Kt-JB3 

This variation of the Piano Game was first noticed by Gianutio, 1597. It 

owes its designation and elaboration to the celebrated German analyst, Von 

Bilguer, who published at Berlin, 1839, his "Das Zweispringerspiel un 

Naehzuge," an octavo volume of 80 pages, with folding sheets or tables, 

exclusively devoted to this opening. 

It is still to be doubted whether the counter game is a satisfactory defense. 
White has three lines of attack. 

First 4 Kt-Kt5 ...... Col. 1-15. 

Second 4 P-Q4 ...... " 10-22. 

Third 4 0-0 ...... " 23-24. 



5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 



Table XXV.— TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 43 



P-K4 Kt-KB: 1 , „ B-B4 , Kt-Kt5 



P-K4 " Kt-tJB:; ° Kt-B8 P-Q4 

12 3 4 5 

P 



Kt-QR4 

B-Kt5ch 

P-B3 

PxP 

PxP 

B-K2! 

P-KK3 

Kt-KB3 

P-K5 

Kt-K5 



Q-B2 ! 1 Q-Q5 

P-KB4 2 Kt-Kt4 P-KB4! 



B-Q3 B x Kt ! B-QB4 

P-Q4 B x B R-Bsq 



0-0 3 P-K6 Q-Q3 B-Q3 

P-B3! 0-0 B-B3 P-B3 P-B3 



P-B4 P-B4 PxBPch Kt-Ktli Q-Kt3 

Kt-R3 P-B3 ' K-Bsq P-QKt4 Q-K4 



p.R3 Pv-Ktsq R-Qsq O-O-O B-Ki3 B-Q2 

Kt-B2+4 P-QKt3 B-K3 Q-K2 Kt-Pc3 Kt x B 

Kt-B3 PxP B-B4! 0^(3 KxKt9 

KtxKt PxP P-B3 QKt-B4 

QxKt5 Kt-Q4 6 Q-Q6 7 Q-B2 8 



1 The whole of the variations and notes that follow in Columns 1-3 are taken ver- 

batim from two articles which appeared in the "Chess Player's Chronicle," by 
the Rev. W. Wayte. They are so excellent and exhaustive that they are given 
complete, and constitute the only refutation of this variation published in 
English. 

2 Mr. Wayte points out that White can not transpose the order of the moves P-KBt 

and P-Q4, for if 11 P-Q4 Black can attain an advantage bv the following line of 
play:— 11 B-Q:i, 12 P-KB4 12 Px P en pas., 13 Ktx P on B3, 13 B-KKt5. 

3 If 12 Px P aipas., 1 1 Ktx P! Mr. Wayte says when White has advanced the Pawns 

in proper order, 11 P-KB4 and 12 P-Q4, Black should not take either en passant. 

4 This is the variation upon which the " Handbuch " relies to preserve White's ad- 

vantage in material. 

5 The choice between the advantage of Pawn or position is left by the "IIan<:- 

buch " an open question. 

6 Continued 17 Q-Bsq 17 Q-Kt3, 18 Kt-QB3 IS Ktx B, 111 Q x Kt 19 B x Kt, 20 P x BP 

20 QxP, and Black has recovered the Pawn, but the position is in favor of 
White. Mr. Wayte suggests 15 Kt-Q4 to strengthen Black's counter attack. 

7 The invention of Herr Steinitz, but the attack is hazardous. Refer to " Wor- 

mald's Chess Openings," p. 13.3. 

8 And it is doubtful if Black has an equivalent in position for the Pawn lost. 

These moves occurred in a Match game, Anderssen-Riviere. 

9 And again the issue is doubtful. 



44 Table XXVI —TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 

7 8 9 10 11 12 

P-K4 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

B-B4 

Kt-B3 

Kt-Kt5 

P=Q4 

PxP 

Kt-QPv4 

B-Kt5ch P-Q3 

P7B3 " P-KK3! " B-QB4 

PxP Kt-KB3 0-0 



PxP P-K5 0-0 

B-K2! Q-B3? B-K4 Q-K2 P-QB3 15 



P-KK3 Q-B2 P-KK3 Kt x B P-KR3 

Kt-KB3 B-E4 KtxKB3 P x Kt P-QKt4 



B-Q3 JB-Q8 11 P-K5 " B-QB4 13 P x Kt 

P-Q3 P-Q4? P-Q3 Q-K2 12 P-KR3 PxB 



0-0 P-K5 O-O B-K3 0-0 Kt x P 

P-B3 Kt-K5 0-0 Kt-Kt5 Kt-K2 BxP 



P-QB4 Q-B2 P-KK3 Q-Q5 P-QKt4 14 P-KB3 

0-0 P-KB4 Kt-K4 B x Pch Kt-QB3 B x Ktch 



B-Kt2 O-O Kt x Ki+ Kt x B PxP Q x B 

Q-R4 0-0 Kt x Kt Q x BP B-K3 



Pv-QBsq P-B4 10 Q-B4 + ^-Q3 -f B-B4 



10 Continued 14 P-B3 14 R-Qsq.— See Col. 3 

11 Or 9 B-KKt5, 10 Q-KKt3 10 P-KR3, 11 Kt-KB3 11 B-Q3+. 

12 Or 10 Kt-K5 10 Q-Q5, 11 B x Pch 11 Kt x B, 12 Kt x Kt 12 Q-B4+. 

13 Mr. Gossip gives 9 B-K2!, 10 Kt-Q4 10 P-B3=. 

14 Or 11 Kt-R2, 12 B-K3 12 B-Q3, 13 0-0 +. From the "Manual." 

15 "Manual" says, 8 Kt-QB3 gives White the better position. 



Table XXVII.— TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



45 



1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 
13 



13 
P-K4 



14 



15 



16 



17 



18 



P-K4 

Kt-KB3_ 

Kt-QB3 

B-B4 

Kt-B3 

Kt-Kt5 

P-~Q4~ 

PxP 

KtxPie 

Kt x BP 

KxKt 

Q-B3ch 

K-K3 

Kt-B3 

QKt-K2 

P-Q4 

P-iib! 

B-KKtS 
P-KK3 

BxQKt 
Bx B 

o-o-o 

R-Bsq 17 



Kt xP 
B x Pch 



K-K-J 
P-Q3 



Kt-B3 

B-K13 



P-Q4 

P-KB4 



B-Ktr 
Q-Q2 



K-Q2 
KKt-Bi 



Q-Ksq 
Ktx R 



P x Pdisch 
K-Bsq 

Kt-B3 
B-QB4 18 



P-Q4! 



P-KK3 

Kt x Kt 



K x B 
P-Q5 



Kt-K2 

Q-R5eh 

P-KKt3 

Q xKP 

B-Kt2 

Q-B4ch 

K-Ktsq 

QKt-B3 + 



P-Q4 

PxP 

0-0 

Kt x P ! 

R-Ksq 

P-Q4 

BxP 

Q'x B 

Kt-I',3 

0^b3 

Kt x Kt 

B-K3 

P-QKt3 

^W 

B-Kt5 

B-K2! 

B x B 



B-Kt5 

B-QKt5 

P-B3 

PxP 

PxP 

K x B 19 B-R4 -f- 



Q-Qsq 

RxKtch 

B-K2 

KtxP 

P-KB4 

R-B4 

0-0 

Kt x Kt 

Q x Qcii 

KtxQ — 

PxKt — 



16 This move has hitherto been considered inferior. Wormald says, great care is 

necessary for the successful conduct of the attack after sacrificing the Knight, 
as in the following variation. The hot position of the Black King in this 
Variation has given the entire opening its Italian name of fegatello, or "fried 
liver," ever since Gianutio (1597). 

17 Continued 13 Q-IC4 13 B-Kt4ch, 14 K-Ktsq 14 R-B5, and after several moves 

Black gets out of the attack with a winninggame. To prevent this line ofpla\ , 
Mr. Wavte, in his Review of the Handbuch, savs, 11 B-R4 is proposed, and if 
11 P-KKt4, 12 B-Kto. 

18 We insert this variation from an article by Dr. Zukertort, published in the 

"City of London Magazine." Vol. II , p. 75. Zukertort says, " White has now 
five different continuations, but none will enable him to retain his numerical 
superiority with a satisfactory position." 

19 Mr. Wayte says, "Thus far Black has retained his Pawn; but if White now play 

13 Q-Bsq, as suggested by Steinitz, threatening Q-R3ch, to be followed by 
P-QB4 or QR-Qsq, according to circumstances, the retention of the Pawn be- 
comes very difficult for Black, and as his situation is also uncomfortable, the 
defense 8 Q-Bo must perhaps be abandoned. 



46 



Table XXVIII.— TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 





19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


1 


P-K4 












P-K4 












2 


Kt-KB8 












Kt-QBS 












3 


B-B4 












Kt-B3 












4 


P-Q4 

PxP 




...... 


...... 


0-0 
KtxP 




^ 


0-0 


P-K5 
P-Q4 






P-Q4 
P-Q4 22 




o 


Kt x P 20 


QKt x P 


6 


K-Ksq 
P-Q4 


B-QKt5 
Kt-K5 






Q-K2 
B-KKt5 


KtxKP 

Kt-K3 


7 


BxP 
QxB 


0-0 
B-QB4 


KtxP 
B-Q2 ! 




PxP 
QKt x P 


Kt x BP 
K x Kt 


8 


Kt-B3 
Q-KPv4 


KtxP 
B-Q2 


BxKt 
PxB 


KtxKt 
PxKt 


Kt-QB3 
P-KB4 


B x Kteh 
K-Ksq 


9 


KtxKt 
J3-K2 21 


BxKt 
PxB 


0-0 
B-K2 


B-Q3 
B-QB4 


BxP + 


Q-B5ch 


P-Kt3 


10 


B-Kt5 
B-KKt5-f 


B-K3 
Q^K2 


B-QB4 


BxKt 




Q-K5 




O-O 


' Q-KK5 


Kt-KB3 


11 




P-QB3 — 


Kt-QB3 
Kt x Kt 


Q-K2 — 
PxB — 




B-Kt3dch 
B-K2 


12 






P x Kt — 
P-QB4 — 






B-K6 
P-Q3 


13 












Q-K2 + 



20 5 B-QB1 resolves the game into Max Lange's attack in the Giuoco Piano. 

21 Or 9 B-K3, 10 B-IU5 10 B-QKt5, 11 P-QB3 11 P x P, 12 P x P 12 B-R4=. 

22 5 P x P is the best move.— See Col. 16-20. 



47 



SECTION VIIL 

GIUOCO PIANO. 
P-K4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 

1 xj ^ 4 — -rr. /\n,i' O 



P-K4 " Kt-QB3 B-B4 

The earlier writers of the Italian School bestowed great attention to this 
method of developing the pieces. The character of the opening is well de- 
fined by its designation, giuoco play, piano smooth, i. e. careful or even play; 
the pieces being placed in commanding positions without risking any sacri- 
fice. In the past it has received a fair share of popularity — recent dis- 
coveries are in favor of the second player, consequently our modern Chess 
masters seldom adopt the slow game analyzed in this section, but prefer the 
brilliant variation called the Evans Gambit, hereafter to be considered and 
commented upon, in Section IX. 

White has four continuations: — 

First 4 P-B3 Col. 1- 8. 

Second 4 0-0 « 9-12. 

Third 4 Kt-B3 ...... Note 16. 

Fourth 4 PQ3 « 16. 

Our analysis of this opening has been greatly enriched by a series of ar- 
ticles by Herr Zukertort, published in the first volume of the " City of Lon- 
don Chess Magazine." 



48 Table XXIX— GIUOCO PIANO. 

12 3 4 5 

-. P-K4 



3 
4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



P K4 
Kt-KB3 

Kl-QBS 

B-B4 - 

B34 

P-B3 

Kt-B3 

P-Q4 



PxP 

PxP P-K5 B-KKt5 7 




B-Kt5ch P Q4 P-KR8! "" Kt x P 

B-Q2 B-QKt5 ! B x Kt 0-0 

B a Bch Kt x KP Kt-K5 Qxli ~ B-Kt3 

QKt x B B x B PxP P-K5 R-Ksq 



P-Q4 Kt x KP Kt x B " B-KtS Q-Kt3 8 O-O 

P x P KtxKt B x Pch 0-0 0-0 Kt x P 

KKt x P P=Q4 K7B O-O _ PxP " KtxKt 

Q-Kt3 B x P 2 Q-Kt3ch Kt-B3 Kt x P Pv x Kt 



QKt-K2 QxB P-Q4 P-B3 O-O " B x Pch 

0-0 0-0 QxKt P-KR3 5 Kt-Q5 — K-Hsq 



O-O " B-Kt5 3 li-Ksq PxP ~ B-Kt8 — Kt-KB3--9 

QR-Ksq Kt B3 O-O B x Kt 

P-QB3 BxKt+ P-QK4 Px B 

Kt-K5 — Q-Kt3 KtxP 



Q-Kt31— K-K3 4 B-K3 



1 The " Handbuch " pronounces this an even frame. 

2 In an excellent article published in the " City of London Magazine," Vol. I., we 

have an analysis of this branch of the Giuoco Piano. Herr Zukertort gives two 
other moves here, 10 B-Q3 and 10 B-Kt5. 

3 The "Handbuch," sixth edition, continues 11 0-0, but Mr. Wayte, in his review 

in " Chess Player's Chronicle," August, 18.80, says the variation 11 0-0, 12 Kt-B:! 
12 Q moves, 13 P-Q5, etc., is bad "for Black, and therefore recommends the 
move in the text. 

4 Herr Zukertort continues 14 Kt-B3, and considers this variation will require 

much care on the part of Black to bring all his pieces into action, yet it leads 
to an even game. 

5 If 11 P x P, Black re-takes with the Rook, with the better game. 

6 The " Handbuch " continues 14 Kt x Kt 14 PxKt. (If 14 B x R, 15 Kt-KKt5 recovers 

the exchange, 15 Q-Kt3ch 15 Q-Q4, 16 li-Qsq, even game). 

7 -An article translated by Mr. Fra^er from the "Nordisk Skaktidende" will be 

found in the "Chess Player's Chronicle," March, 1878. 

8 Mr. Wayte says, there are strong reasons for preferring S Q-B4. 

9 Prom a game Steinkuhler and Steinitz. 



Table XXX.— GIUOCO PIANO. 



49 



4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 



7 

P-B3 



Kt-B3 
P-Q3 



P-K4 
P-K4 



Kt-KB3 



B-B4 



P-Q3 



P-Q3 
B-K3 



P-Q3 

B-K3 

B-Kt3 

QKt-Q2 

Kt-K2 

Kt-Bsq 

PTBs 

Kt-Kt3 

P-KR8 

Q-K2 

P-Kt4 

0-0-0 

Kt-Kt3 

P-Q4 - 
Q,K2— 10 



Bxli 
Px 15 



Kt-R3 
0-0 



0-0 
P-Q4 



K-Ksq 
P-Q5 



P-Kt4 
Q-Ksq 



K-Rsq 
Q-Kt3 



Kt-qH3 


" B-B4 


9 


10 11 




B x Pch 12 



Kt-R4 
QKt-Q2 
KtxB 
Kt x Kt 



P-QKt4 
QKt-Q2 



E-KKtsq+ 



P-KR3 Kt-B3 



P-KR3 

Kt-B3 

Kt-B3 

Kt-K2 

B-K3 

B-QKt5 

O-O 

P-B3 

P-R3 

B-Pv4 

Kt-K2 

P-KKt4 

Kt-R2 

Kt-Kt3 

Kt-Kt3 

Kt-B5 

BxKt 

KtPxB 

Kt-R5 

R-KKtsq 

Kt x Ktch 

QxKt 

K-Rsq 11 



Kt-B3 
B-K3 



B-Kt3 
0-0 



KxB 

Kt x Pch 
Kt x Kt 
Q-R5ch 
K-K3 ! 13 
Q-B5eh 



O-O 

Kt-K2 

B-K3 

B-Kt3 

Kt^K2~ 

Kt-Kt3 



K-Q3 
P-Q4 



BxP 
Kt-R3 



P-B3 14 
— P-QB3 



Kt-Kt3— Q-B3 
PxB 



QxQ 
PxQ 



Kt-B2 
B-B4ch 
K-K2 + 



12 



K-Bsq 

Kt x Kt 

QP x Kt 

0-0 

Kt-B3 

Q-B3 

Q-Q5 

P-Q3 

B-KKt5 

Q-K13 

B-Q3 

B-B4 

P-KKt4 ! 

BxB 

PxB 

P-KR3 

B-K3 

QxKtP 

R-KKt^q 

Q-R6ch 

KTK2 

Kt-B3 

R-Kt3 + 



10 The above moves are taken from the late match between Messrs. Blackburne 

and Zukertort. 

11 Continued 17 Q-Kt3 17 R-KKtsq, IS P-Ktl IS B-Kt3, 19 B-Kt3 19 Q-K2, 20 P-KR1 

20 P-QB3, 21 K-Kt2 21 P-Kt4, 22 P x P 22 Kt x P, 23 Q-Ktl 23 Kt-R2, 21 Q-R3 

21 It x R, 25 Q x 11 23 Q-D3, 2G K-K2 + . • 

12 This move constitutes the Jerome Gambit, which, although unsound, affords 

some highly instructive analysis 

13 If G Kt-Kt3, 7 Q-Q5ch 7 K-Ksq, S Q x B S P-Q3, 9 Q-B3, 9 Kt-B3, 10 P-Q3, and White 

has some attack to compensate for his lost piece. 

14 If 9 Q-B3, 10 Kt-Kt5ch 10 K-Bl. 11 KtxB 11 Qx Q, 12 Ktx Q 12 P-KKt3, 13 B-K3ch 

13 K-B3, 14 Kt-Qldi 11 K-Q3, 15 0-0-0 15 K-K2, lfi Kt-Ktf>+; or, if 9 Kt-K2, 
10Q-R3 lOQ-Bsq, 11 Kt-Ktoeh 11 KB4, 12 KtxB 12 K x Kt, 13 B-Kt54-. 



Table XXXI.— G1UOCO PIANO. 



P-K4 



7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
•16 



13 



o-o 



^ P-Q3 

p, P-B3 

° Kt-B3 

c p -Q' 4 



PxP 
PxP 



B-Kt3 

Kt-B3 

BKt5 

B-QKto 

<Xo 

B-K8 
Kt-K2 

Q-Q2 

P-B3 

B-Q3 + 



P-K4 



Kt-B3 

P-Q4 15 

BxP! 

KtxB 

Kt xKt 

P-B4 

P^Q3~~ 

PxP 

PxP 

B-KKt5 

Q-K2 ! 16 

P-B3 

Kt-K3 

QB xKf 
P~TB~ 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 



B-B4 



B-B4 



P-Q1U4 
B-Q2 
Kt-Q2 
O-O-O -f 



15 



PxP? 

P-K5 

P-Q4! 

P x Kt 17 
PxB 

E-Ksqch 

K-Bsq 

B -Kt5 ! 

P x P 18" 

B-E6ch 

K-Ktsq 

Kt-B3 

B-B4 

Kt-K4 

B-KBsq 

Q-Q2 
BxB 19 

QxB 
B xKt 
BxB 
P-B4 
Kt-R4 + 



17 



PxPch? 

KxP 

Kt-K5 ! 

KtxKt 

BxKt 

B-K2! 20 

E-K4 

P-QB4 

Kt-E3 

B-K3 

B-Kt4ch 

K-Bsq 

B-Etich 

K-Ksq 

E-K4 

Q-Q4 + 



B-K3 

Kt-K.t5 

Q-Q4 

KI-QB3 

Q-B4 

P-KKt4 

<^Kt3 

QKt-K4 

B-Kto 

P-B4 

WW) 

P-B5 

BxP 

Pj<J3 

Q x P at B4 
P x P+ 21 



18 



P-Q3 



P-Q3 

B-KKt5 

P-KE3 

B-E4 

P-KKt4 22 

B-KKt3 

P-KE4 

Kt x KtP 

P-E5 

KtxP 

PxB 

KtxQ 
B-KKt5 23 



15 Max Lange's attack, unsound, but productive of fine positions. 

13 If 9 B-K3, 10 B x B 10 Kt x B, 11 Q x Q 11 R x Q, 12 B x Kt 12 P x B, 13 R x P 
13 K-K2=. 

17 If 7 B-QKt5 7 Kt-K5, 8 Kt x P S B-Q2! 9 B x Kt 9 B x B, 10 Kt x B 10 P x Kt+. 

18 If 9 Q-Q4, 10 Kt-B3 10 Q-B4, 11 Kt-K4+. 

19 If 13 B-Kt3, 14 B x B 14 QxB, 15 Kt x QP 15 R-Qsq, 16 P-QB3+. 

20 If 11 B-Q3, 12 R-Kt5eh 12 K-Bsq, 13 Q-R5 13 Q-K2, 14 K-Bsq 14 P-QO, 15 Kt-B3 

15 B-K3, 10 R-Kt7 16 K x R, 17 B-R6ch 17 K-Ktsq, 18 Kt-Q5 18 Q-Qsq, 19 R-Ksq 
19B-KBsq, 20 R-K3+. 

21 And Gossip gives White the better game, as he will now be able to play K-Rsq, 

and R-Bsq; Black's game will thus be broken up. 

22 This ingenious variation is the invention of Herr Steinitz. 

23 And Black has a strong counter attack. 



51 



SECTION IX. 

EVANS GAMBIT. 

F-K4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 , P-QKt4 

1 P-K4 * KtQB3 B-B4 4 " 

This pleasing variation of the Piano Game was casually discovered by 
Captain W. D. Evans, of Milford, scarcely fifty years ago. It has been an 
especial favorite with players of all degrees of skill, from the days of 
McDonnell and De La Bourdonnais until the present time. It has' been 
well said that 

"Age can not wither it, nor custom stale 
Its infinite variety." 

The analysis of this intricate opening will, for convenience, be divided 
into three parts. 



PART 1. 



Col. 



P-B3 
4 B x P ° B-K2or ° B-Q3 

* a ZlQf 7 PxP 



B-B4 "PxP E-Kt5ch7 



0-0 



B-Kt3! " Kt-B3? 



P-Q3! 



. R-Ksq 

9 — 8-10 

9 ^ 11-12 

a B " RB 

9 13 

9 — — 15-38 

ft B-Kt2 

9 — 39-42 

„ Kt-B3 

9 43-54 



PART II. 



P-B3 O-O 

5 ~ ■„, 6 T^^r- 1-6 



B x P B-R4 " P-Q3 



Kt-Kt5 



Kt-B3 

P-Q4 
PxP 



7-9 



P-Q4 10-24 

25-30 



PART III.— EVANS GAMBIT DECLINED. 

4 ^ „ — or a Page 66. 

4 B-Kt3 * P-t^l & 



52 



Table XXXII.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



P-K4 



P-K4 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 



B-B4 



F-QKt4 
UTP 



P-B3 



10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

w 

17 
19 



B-K2? 

P-Q4 
P x PI 
PxP 
B-Kt5ch 
K-Bsq 
Kt^B3~~ 
P-QK8 2 
B7R4 

P-Q5 
Kt-K2 

P-K5 + 



Q-Kt3 



B-Q3 
P-Q4 ; 



Kt-K3 
P-Q4 



Kt-B3 

0-0 



Kt-K4 

Q-Pv4 

Kt x B 

Q x Kt 

Px P 

B x Kt 

P7B" 

PxP 

P-Q3 

0-0 

K-KKtsq 

K-Rsq 

Q-Q2 

Kt-B3 

P-QB3 

P-Q5 

K x P 

B-KKtsq 

16 x BP 

B-Kt3 

P-QB4 

P-K5 + 



P-KK3 4 
Kt x P 
B x Kt 
P x B 
QKt x P 
B-Kt3 
P=Q3" 
P-KB4 
Kt-B3 
B-R3 
B-K3 
Kt-Q-2 + 



B-B4 
P-Q4 



B x P 
P-B4 

P-K5 



Q-K2 5 
0-0 



PxP 

P xP 



Kt-B3 
E-Ksq!- 



B-Kt5ch 
6 K-Bsq 



Kt x Kt 

PxKt 



B-B4ch 

K-Bsq 

P-Q4 

P x Kt 

P x B 

R-Ksqch 

B-K3 

PxP 

ii-KKtsq 

Q-B5+ 



q-K-2 

P-K5 7 
P-Q3 
P-Q5 8 
Kt xP 

Q-R4ch 
B-Q2 

<^ x KB 

Kt x Kt 

P x Kt 

B-liUch 

K-Ktfq 

Q-B3 

B-Q3 

K-Bsq 

P-B4 

B-Ksq 

P-B3 

Q-P5 

B-Q2 

Q-K4 

K -B2 — 

Q-lioch— 9 



1 If 6 P : Q3, 7 Q-Kt3 7 Kt-R4, 8 B x Poll S K-Bsq, 9 Q-R4+. 

2 If 9 P-K5 9 P-Q4, 10 B-QKto 10 Kt-Q2, 11 Q-R4 11 P-QR4. 

3 If fi 0-0 6 IU-R4, 7 Kt x P 7 B x Kt, 8 B x Pch 8 K x B, 9 Q-R5ch 9 K-Bsq, 10 Q x B 

10 Kt-QB3. 

4 If 7 Kt x KP, 8 P x P 8 B x P, 9 Kt x B 9 Kt x Kt, 10 Q-Q5. 

5 A defense somewhat successfully adopted by Kieseritzky. 

6 If 8 Kt-Kt5? 8 0-0, 9 P-B4 9 F x BP, 10 P-K5 10 B x P, 11 P x B 11 Q-B4ch, 12 K-Rsq 

12 Kt x P, 13 B-1U3 13 P-KR3, 14 Kt-R3 14 P-KKt4 + . 

7 If 9 P-QR3 9 B-R4, 10 R-R2 10 P-QKt3, 11 R-K2 11 B-Kt2 + . 

8 If 10 P-QR3 10B-R4, 11 P-Q5 11 Kt x P, 12 Kt x Kt 12 Q x Kt, 13 R-R2 13 K-Bsq, 

14R-K2 14Q-B4}-. 

9 The "Handbuch " considers the position equal as given above, but Gossip con- 

tinues 20 K-Ktsq 20 P-KKt4-f , and gives Black a won game. 



Table XXXIII.— EVANS GAMBIT. 53 



T-K4 ' Kt-KB3 B-B4 P-QKt4 

P-K4 *" Kt-QB3 B-B4 B x P 

„ P-B3 „ P-Q4 „PxP 

5 rr-m u 



B-B4 PxP ' B-Kt3 

7 8 9 10 11 12 



o-o 



O Kt-B3? P-Q3! 

P-K5 R-Ksq P-QB4 16 

" Kt-KKtsq9tt Kt-B3? B-Kt5 14 

P-Q5 P-K5 12 B-QKt515 



10 
11 



Kt-K4 PxP K-Bsq B x Kt 

B-KIU5 B-B3 ? 13 B x Kt P x B 

P-KB3 10 Kt x P P xB ~ Q-Pv5 

1 9 P xP R x Pch P-K5 B-K3 

lL Kt x P 11 B K3 Kt-K2 + KKt-K2 



13 
14 

15 
16 
17 

18 
19 



P-Q6 Kt-Kt5 P-Q5 

KtxBI ~ Q Q2 B xB 

Q-K2ch + Q-Ksq KxB 

~ u-u-u o-o 

Kt x B P x Kt 



V x Kt Q-Kt4ch 

Pv x P K-Ksq 



Kt-K4 


J}-Kt5 


B-R2 


B-QKt5 


Kt-KB3 17 


B x Kt 


Q-B2 


P x B 


0-0 


P-QK3 


P-K5 


B x Ktch 


Kt-Ksq 


P x B 


Kt-Kt5 


P-Pv5 


P-Kt3 


B-Pv2 


P-KG + 


Kt-B3 




Kt-K2 




Kt-K2 + 



Kt-B7 + C2 x B 

P x P 
Q x P 
Kt-B3 
Qli-Qsq 
P-Ktsq 
Q-Ksq + 



9a If 9 P Ql, 10 Px Kt, followed by 11 R-Ksqch, and if 9 Kt-KKt5, 10 B x Pch. If 
9 Kt-K5, 10 R-Ksq. 

10 If 11 Kt-K2, 12P-Q6. 

11 If 12 P x P, 13 Kt-K5, and wins. 

12 If 10 P-Q.i 10 Kt KJ, 11 B-Kt'2 11 0-0+ ; or if 10 B-QKt5 10 O-O, 11 Kt-B3 

11 B-Kt5+. 

13 Gossip gives as best 11 P-Q5 11 Kt-K2, 12 Kt x P 12 O-O, 13 B-R3+. 

14 If 9 Kt-IU, 10 KI-B3 10 B-Kto, 11 P-K5 + . 

15 If 10 Q-Kt3? 10 Kt-R4, 11 B x Pch 11 K-Bsq, 12 Q-Q5 12 Kt-KB3, 13 B-Kt5 

13 Kt x Q, 14 B x Q 14 K x B + . 

16 This move partakes more of the character of a defense than an attack; its 

primary object is to provide a retreat for the King's Bishop in anticipation of 
the adverse Knight going to Rook's fourth. It has more resource about it 
than appears at first sight, and, as far as we can see, gives the first player a 
good chance. 

17 Perhaps Black might play with greater advantage 10 B-Kto, 11 P-K5, 11 I'-Ql 



54 



Table XXXIV.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



P-K4 
1 P-K4 


Kt-KB3 
2 Kt-QB3 


B-B4 
5 B-B4 


4 


P-QKt4 
BxP 


P-B3 
5 B-B4 


e^ 


Q4 

xP 


O-O 
7 P-Q3 


8 


P x P 

B-Kt3 




13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


9 


B-R3 
Kt-K4 18 


P-KE3 
Kt-K4 ! 


P-Q5 








Kt-R4 




10 


B-Q3 
Kt-K2 


B-Q3 
Kt-K2 


B-Kt2 
Kt-K2 








11 


P-K5 
0-0 + 


P-QE4 
0-0 


B-Q3 20 
O-O 








12 




K-R2 


Kt-B3 
P-QB4? 








P-KB4 


P-KB4? 


B-Kt5 


13 




P-K5 - 
P-Q419- 


- P-K5 


Kt-KKt5 
KtxP 




Kt-K2 


- Kt-Kt321 


Q-Ksq 


B x Kt 


14 






PxP 


Kt x P 


Kt-K6 


P x B 


QxP 


Kt xKt 


B x Kt 


Kt-Kt3 


15 






Kt-KKt5 
Q-B5 


BxKt 


P x B 


P-B4 


K xlvt 


P-B5 


Q-K5 


16 






Q-K5 
P-KPv3 


Q-Pv5ch 


Kt-Q5 


Kt-Kt3 — 


K-K.tsq 


Kt-Kt3 


P-KB3 — 


17 






KtxP 

ExKt 


P xP + 


Q-Kt4 + 




18 






B xKt + 









19 



18 If 9 B-Kt5, 10 Q-R4 10 B-Q2, 11 Q-Kt3 11 Kt-R4, we arrive at a position of the 

Fraser-Mortimer attack somewhat unfavorable to the first player. 

19 And White's position is quite an equivalent for the Pawn he is minus. 

20 If 11 B x P 11 R-KKtsq, 12 B-Q4 12 Ktx B, 13 Q-R4ch 13 Q.-Q2, 14 Q x Kt 14 Rx Pch, 

15 K-Rsq 15 Q-R6, 16 QKt-Q2 16 Kt-Kt3, 1? R-KKtsq 17 Kt-R5+. 

21 If 13 PxP, 14 Kt x P 14 Kt-KtS, 15 Q-R5 15 Q-Q3. 16 QR-Ksq 16 B-B2, 17 Kt-K4 

17 QxP, 18 Kt-Kt5 lSQxPch, 19 K x Q 19 Kt-B5ch 20 K-Rsq 20 Kt x Q, 
21 B x Pch + 



P-K4 
1 P-K4 


2 


P-B3 
5 B-B4 


6 


P-Q5 





Table XXXV.— EVANS GAMBIT. 55 



Kt-KB3 B-B4 P-QKt4 



Kt-QB3 " B-B4 . B x P 

0-0 . P-Q4 „ P x P 



12 

13 
11 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 



21 
22 



25 



P-Q3 ' P x P u B-Kt3 



io S™. n ■"» 



Kt-E4 " Kt-K2 " O-O 

19 20 21 22 23 24 

Kt-B3 

P-QB3 Kt-Kt3 

Q-Q2 • Kt-K2 



PxP! P-KB4? P-KB3 P-QB4 

Kt x P QR-Ksq KKt-Q4 Q-Q2 ! 

Kt-Kt3 P x KP R7[$2 

Kt x B Kt x P K-Rsq 




Q xKt22 Kt x P P-QB4 

QR-Ktsq QKt-Kt5 Kt-K6 QR-Bsq 



Q-Qsq P-KE3 Q-Ksq R-Ktsq 

Q-B3 Kt-KG P-B4 Kt-Kt3 KKt-K tsg 

Y-B3 B x Kt BxKt P-Kt4 P-Kt4 

Kt-Q4 R x B P x B Kt-B5 P-B4 



Kt-KB5(- Kt-Kt$5 K-B2 P-B5 P-B5 

R x QP + B-B3 B-K2 B-Ktsq 



P-B5 P-Kt5?24 P-Kt5 



Of) B-B2 B-Q4 B-Q4 

E-Qsq P-Bti P-B6 

P-B5 Q-Q?q Q-Qsq 



Kt-K4 ~ B-Kt3? Kt-KB5 Kt-B5 
Kt-B4 P-QR3 — P- Kt4 B x RP 25 

QKt-B3 — Q-Ksq R-Esq 



90 Kt-Q5 + B-Q3 B-Q4 



Kt x B Kt-Q7 

24 Q x Kt R-KB2 

B x Kt B-Kt3 



KtP x B P-B5 



Q-Kt4 + Kt-K4 + 



22 If 15 P x Kt, 16 Q-B3 16 P-B3, 17 Kt-Q4 17 Kt-K4, 18 B-K2 18 QKt-B3, 19 Kt-Kt5+. 

23 If 14 P-B4, 15PxP 15 B x P, 16BxB 16 R x B, 17 QR-Bsq 17 Kt-K4, 18 Kt x Kt 

is 1- x Kt, 19Kt-Kt3+. 

24 If 1!) Kt-Kt2! 20 KKt-Q4 (if 20 B-Ql 20 B-Kt3) 20 B-Q2, 21 P-B4 21 Kt-B4+. This 

variation is given in Gossip's openings in the Rectifications. 

25 For 22 Kt-B:;, see column 25. 



56 XXXVI —EVANS GAMBIT. 



Kt-KB3 n B-B4 P-QKt4 e P-B3 

4 



P-K4 


2 


1 P-K4 


6 P-Q4 


7 


b PxP 


n B-Q3 





Kt-QB3 u B-B4 ^ JixP " B-B4 

PxP 0-0 P-Q5 B-Kt2 



B-Kt3 u P-Q8 " Kt-K4 xv Kt-K2 

12 ;rs is g^r w q - q2 



15 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 



Kt-Kt3 ±KJ P-QB4 x ^ P-B3 

25 26 27 28 29 30 

K-Esq QR-B>q B-B3 



B-B2! B-Q2Y Kt-K4 B-B2 25c 

QPv-Bsq Kt-Ksq! QR-Bsq K-Bsq 25/; Kt-Kt3 

Pv-lvtsq R-Ktsq P-QK8 ~ Kt x B ~ P-QR3 ~~ 

KKt-Ktsq Kt-Kt3 Kt-Kt3 Q x KKt Kt-B5 



P-Bt> Q-Bsq QP x Kt P-QKt4 

Q-Qsq QKt-B5 KK-Q-q+ KI-B4 



Kt-B5 P-QR3 Kt-B5 

Kt-B3 R-B3 B-Rsq 



B-Kt3 B-Kt4 Kt-K4 

P-B5 B x B R-Kt3 Q-KKt3 



KKt-K4 QxB Pv-B2 25« R-B2 

Kt x Kt Q-Ksq B x B Kt-K6 



BP x Kt Q-K6 P x B P-B5 

B x B P-B5 Q-Qsq + QR-Ksq 



Q x B + KKt K4+ Q-Q2 



P-Kt4 P-Kt4 Pv-Bsq Q-Ksq P-Kt4 

P-B4 Kt-B2 Kt-B5 Kt-B4 Kt x QP 

P-B5 • P-Kt5 B x Kt B^QTq P-Kt5 + 

B-Ktsq Kt-K3 Px B _ Kt-B5 

P-Kt5 B^Q2 Kt-K4 B x Kt 

B-Q4 P-B4 Kt x Kt P x B 



25a If 23 P-B5, 24 R x Kt 24 P-B6, 25 R x Pch 25 K-Rsq, 2G Q-K2+. 

25b If 16 Kt x Kt 16 BP x Kt, 17 K-Rsq 17 Q-R5, IS P-B4 18 R-B3. 

25c Black can also plav with advantage 15 B-Q2, 16 Kt-Kt3 16 R-Ksq, 17 Kt-B5 
17 B x Kt, 18 P x B 18 Kt-K4, 19 Kt x Kt 19 BP x Kt+. (This is Bird's variation.) 



Table XXXVII.-EVANS GAMBIT. 57 



P-K4 Kt-KB? B-B4 P-QKt4 

1 P-K4 ^ Kt-QB3 d B-B4 4 B x P 

„ P-B3 _ P-Q4 -PxP _ 0-0 



9 

10 
11 
12 
13 



' JB-B4 P x P ' B-Kt3 u P-Q3 

31 32 33 34 35 36 

P-Q5 



Kt-lU QKt-K2? 

B-Kt2 P-K5? P-K5128 



Kt-KB3 Kt-K2 27Kt-R3 Kt-Ktii 29 B-Kt5 

B-Q3 ! 26 P-K6 Ki-B3 P-KG 30 Q-R4ch 

O-O _ CW) U-O _ PxP B-Q2 33 

Kt-B3 P x Pch Kt-K4 P x P Q-Kt3 

P-J33 ? ~lT7P PxP KKt-K2 Kt-Kt3 P-KR3 

Kt-K2 Kt-Kt5 B x Kt Kt-Kt5 31 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 



B-IU5 Kt x B P x B O-O Kt x P34-Kt-B4 35 



-,1 Q-Q2 QB2 KtxP Kt-QB3! 32 Kt x Kt B-R3 

14 K-Bsq ~~ Kt-K4 ! Kt-B4 Kt-K4 P x Kt _ Kt-Q5 



15 

16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 



Q Kt5 Q x RPch Kt-Kt4 B-KtH P-Q6 Kt x Kt 

B xKt — K-Bsq K-Rsq P-B3 PxP B x Kt 

P x B Q-R8ch R-Ktsq Kt-R4 B x Pch PxP 



PxP Kt-Ktsq Q-R5 P-Q4 K-Bsq Q-B3 

K-Pvsq Kt-R7ch R X B Kt x B B x Kt QR-Ksqch 

Kt-B5 ~ K-K2 RP x R Q x Kt R x J} K-Qsq 

R-KKtsq Kt-B3 Q-Rsqch B-R3 B-R3 P x Pch -f 

Kt-Ksq B-0,5 + P-133 _ QKt-Kt3 B-B3 

Q x KtPch KKt x BP B-B2 -f QR-Qsq-f- 

Kt x <4 Kt-Kt2 

R x Ktcli P-Kt3 

K-Rsq Q-ivG 

R-Kt8dch -f R-Ksq + 



26 If 11 P-K5 11 P x P, 12 B-R3 12 Kt x B, 13Q-R4ch 13 Q-Q2, 14 Q x Kt 14 Q x P, 

15 Q x Q, 15 Kt x Q+. 

27 If 10 Kt x B, 11 Q-Rlch 11 B-Q2, 12 Q x Kt 12 P x P, 13 Kt x P+. 

28 If 10 B-Kt2 10 Kt-KB3, 11 B x Kt 11 1* x B, 12 Kt-Ql 12 P-KB4+. 

29 If 10 PxP, 11 KtxP llKt-KB3, 12 B-Kt5oh 12 P-B3, 13 P x P 13 O-O, 14 B-R3 

14 B x Pch, 15 K-Rsq 15 Q-IU3, 1G B x Kt+. 

30 If 11 Kt-Kt5 11 KKt-K2. And if 11 B.-Kt2 11 P x P, 12 B x p 12 Kt-B3, 13 I! x Kt 

13 Q x B, 14 R-Ksqch 14 K-Bsq. 

31 If 13Kt-B3 13P-KR3. 

32 If 14 Q-R5 14 P-KR3, 15 Kt-B7 15Q-Ksq!, 16 B-Kt2 16 P-Q4, 17 B x P 17 B x KP, 

15 B x R 18 Q x B, 19 Kt x Pch 19 K-Kt2+. 

33 If 11 Q-Q2, ]2B-QKt5 12 P-QB3, 13 P-KG 13 P x KP, 14 Q . x B 14 P x B, 15 P x P 

15 Q-B2, 16 Q x P If, Kt-Kt3, 17 B-Kt2 + . 

34 If 13 P x P, 11 P-QG 14 Q-B3-, 15 Kt-Kl 15 Q-Kl. 16 Kt-KU LG Q-B3, 17 LU-R5+. 

35 If 13 Kt-Kt3, H B-R& 



58 



Table XXXVIII.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



P-K4 


P-K4 


P-B3 



B-B4 



9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 



37 
P-Q5 
Q-B3? 
P x Kt 
QxPv 
B x Pch 
K-Bsq 
B xKt 
llxB 
Kt-Kt5 

qTp 

Kt-QB3 
Q-B5 

Kt-Q5 
K-Ksq 
Q-B5ch 



38 



Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 
PxP 

39 

B-K12 



B^B4 



Kt-K4? 


Kt x Kt 


P xKt 


Kt-Q2 


Kt-K2 


B-K3 + 



P-Kt3 
Q x PvP + 



P-B3? 
P-K5 
QPxP 
B xKt! 
Kxl 
Q-Kt3 
Pv-Bsq 
P x P 
PxP 
Kt xP 
Kt xKt 
B xKt- 



B-B4 

P xP 
B-Kt3 



41 



B-Kt5 
P-Q5 39 



Kt-B3 38 
P-Q5 37 
Kt-QKtsq38 Kt-Ki 
P-K5 _ B-Kt5ch 

~ K-I3sq 
QKt-Q2 - 



PxP 

B-K3 



B-Kt5 
B-Ksq 



QKt-Q2 
Kt x P + 



P-QKt4 
BxP 

0-0 
P-Q3 

42 



KKt K2 

Kt-Kt5 

P^QT - 

PxP 

lvt-P4 

P-Q6 

KtxB 

PxKt 

Q-Q4 

Kt-QB3 

Kt x B 40 

Kt x Q . 

Kt x Q 

KB x Kt 

P-QB3 

Kt x B — 

HP x Kt — 



36 If 9 Kt-"R4, 10 P-Q5 10 Kt-K2, we arrive at a similar position as when White 

plays 9 P-Q5 9 Kt-R4, 10 B-Kt2 10 Kt-K2. 

37 If 10 P-K5 10 P x P, 11 B-R3 11 B-K3, 12 B x B 12 P x B, 13 Q-Kt3 13 Q-Q4+. 

33 If 10 Kt-K2, 11 Kt-B3 11 0-0, 12 Kt-K2. 

39 If 10B-Kt5 lOK-Bsq, and if 10 Q'-Kt3 10 Kt-R4, 11 B x Pch 11 K-Bsq 
12 Kt-KBS, 13 Q-KKt5 13 B x Kt, 14 P-Ko 14 K x B, 15 P x B 15 R-Ksq, 
16 Q x P+ 



12 Q-Q5 
16 P x Kt 



40 If 14 Q XKt, 15Q-R4ch 15 P-B3/ 16 Q x Kt 16 B-R6, 17 P-Kt3 17 B x R, 18 K x B 
18 Kx P, 19B-R3ch+. 



Table XXXIX.— EVANS GAMBIT. 59 



P-K4 Kt-KB3_ B-B4 P-QKt4 

1 P-K4 " Kt-QB3 d B-B4 4 B x P 

„ P-B3 . P-Q4 _ PxP _ 0-0 

5 TT-cn 6 T5-7T5— 7 



21 



B-B4 PxP * B-Kt3 u P-Q3 

43 44 45 46 47 48 

Kt-B3 



Kt-R4 Kt-B3 B-Kt5 

B x Pch40« Kt-KKt5 41 P-K5 B-QKt5t 



K x B Kt x B PxP K-Bsq ! 43 B-Q2 45 

P-K5 Q-R4ch B-K3 B x Kt P-K5 

P-KK3 Q^Q2~~ ~~ B-Kt5 Kt-QR4 42 Px~B PxP 

P-Q5 Q x Kt Q-Kt3 P-Ksq P-K5 R-Ksq 46 

B-KB4 P-KK3 ~" B-KK4 Kt x B B x Kt KKl-K2 

P-K6ch Kt-B3 PxP Q-R4ch P x B P-Q-5 

K-K2 Q-B3 ~~Kt-KKt5 P-B3 P~x~P Kt-Q5 

Kt-KR4 Q-Q3 QRQsq Q x Kt B-R3ch B x Bch 



9 
10 

11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 

9 q QR-Bsq I? x B 

Kt-K6 QKt-B4 



B-R2 B-Kt5 Q-Bsq B-K3 Kt-K2 Q x B 

K-Rsq P-Q5 P-K6 R x P P x P Kt x P 

Kt-KB3 Q-Q2 ~~P-B3 Q-Q2 Q x Q 44 Q-B4 

P-B4 Kt-Q4 Q-Kt5 R x Bch KR x Q Kt-Q3 

Q-Ksq Kt-K2 ~ B-Kt3 P x R K-Ksq + R-Qsq 

P-B5 B-Q5 + Kt-K5 + B-R3 



Kt-B5 R-Q2 

Q-K2 R-K5 

Kt-K4 Q-Kt3~ 

B-R3 Kt-B5 



QKt-Kt5 B x Kt 

QR-Bsq B x B 

Kt-K6 " QKt-B4 

R-B3 • Q-R4 f 

Q^R4 



40a If 10 B-KKt5 10 P-KB3! 11 B-R4 11 Kt x B, 12 Q-R4ch 12 Q-Q2, 13 Q x Kt 13 Q-B2 

14 Q-Q3 14 Kt-K2+. 

41 If 10 B-Q3 10 Kt-K2, 11 P-Q5, we arrive at the same position as in column 15. 

42 If 11 B x P, 12 Q-Kt3 12 B-K3, ]:!B»B 13 P x B, 14QxPch 14 Kt-K2, 15 Kt x B 

15 P x Kt, 10 KR-Ksq 1G Kt-Ktsq, 17 Kt-Q5 17 Q-Q2, IS Kt x Kt+. 

43 If 10 B x Kt, 11 P x B 11 K-Bsq, 12 Kt-K2. 

44 If 15 B-Q5? 16 Q-B2 16 B x KP, 17 QR-Qsq 17 B-Q3, 18 Kt-K4+. 

45 If 10P-QR3, 11 B-R4 11 Q-B3, 12 Kt -Q5 12 Q-Qsq, 13 Kt x B 13 P x Kt, 11 P-Q5 

14 P-QKU, 15 P x Kt 15 P x B, 16 P x P ; . 

46 If 12 P-Q5 12 Kt-Ktsq, 13 Kt x P 13 Kt-K2, 11 Q-Kt4 (12 Kt-IM, 13 B x Bch 

13 Qx B, 14 Kt x P+-.) 



60 



Table XL-EVANS GAMBIT. 



1 T> 



P-K4 



P-K4 



9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 



49 

Kt-B3 
B-Kt5 

Q-R4 47 

B x Kt 

P-Q5 
. B-Kt5 48 

P x Kt 
P x P 
Q x Pch 
B^Q2 
Q-Q5 
B-K3 

B-Kt5ch 

K-Bsq 

Q-Q3 

Kt-K2 

B-Kt5 

P-KB3 

B-K3 

P-B4 
P-KB4 
B x B 
KP xB 
B-B4 — 



Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB3 

P-Ql 
PxP 

50 



B-Q2! 
Q-Kt3 
Kt-B4 
B x Peh 

jTb^ 

Q-Q5? 

Kt-KB3 

Q-KKt5 

K x B 

P-K5 

K-Ksq 

PxKt 

QxP 

Q-R5ch 

K-Ktsq 

Kt-KKt5 
B-KB4 
B-K3 
P-B3 + 



B-B4 



B-B4 
P xP 



B-Kt3 



P-QKt4 
ITxP 
0-0 
P^Q3 



P-B3 



51 



Q-B4 



Kt-B3 

Kt-Kt5ch 

K-Ktsq 

PxKt 

Q x P 

Q-B4 

P-KE3 

Kt-Q5 

Q-B4 + 



52 



53 



B-B4 



54 



P-KR3 
P-Q5 



Q-B2! 49 
K x B 
P-K5 
K-Bsq 50 

P-Q5 Pv-Ksq! 

Q-Ksq Kt-QB3 

P-K6 B-Kt5 

Q-Kt3 Q-Ksq 

Kt-K4 P-K6 

B-Kt4 Q-Kt3 

E-Ksq Q xQ 

Kt-K2 P x Q 

Q-Q?q _ P x B 
Q-K4 Kt-BS 

QKt-Kt5 P-Q5 
P-KR3 Kt-K4 

Kt-B7 _ Kt x Kt 

K-KKtsq+ PxKt-f Q-B2 + 



Kt-lvB3 

P-K6ch 

B~x~P 

P x Bch 

K7P 

B-Ksqcb 51 

K-B2 

Kt-KK4 

Q-Q2 

Q-Kt6oh 

K-Bsq 

Kt-B5 — 



47 Mr. Fraser's attack. 

48 If 11 Q-B3, 12 P x Kt 12,0-0-0, 13 Kt-Q5 13 Q-Kt3, 14 P x Pch+ 

49 Mr. MortimeT's attack. 

50 If 14 P-Kt3? 15 P-K3oh 15 P> x P, 16 Kt-Kt5ch 10 K-B3, 

18 QKt-K4ch 18 K-K2, 19 Q-B3 19 Q-KBsq, 20 Q x R + . 

51 If 18 Q-KtG 18 Q-KBsq, 19 B-Kt5 19 P-B3, 20 KR-Kaqch 20 K-Q2 + 



17 P-Q5 17 B-KB4, 



Table XLI.-EVANS GAMBIT.-Part II. 61 



P-K4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 P-QKt4 r P-B3 



8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 



P-K4 " Kt-QB3 ,J B-B4 * B x P u 13-114 

1 2 3 4 5 6 



0-0 
O T 



P Q3 

P-Q4 



P x P B-Q2 5 

P x P Q-Kt3 P x P 



Kt-B3> 1 Q-B3 Q-K2 PxP 

P-K5 P-K5 P-K5 Q-Q5 

P x P PxP PxP B-K3 Q-B3? Q-K2! 

Q-Kt3 R-Ksq 2 R-Ksq Q x Qch B-KKt5 B-R3 



QxK KtxKt Q x B 

B x Pcli B-Kt4 Kt x P 



Q-K2 B-Q2 3 B-Q2 1 U x Q • Q-K3 Q-B3 

P x P 4- B-KKto B-R3 4 B x B Q-Kt5 B-Kt5 



Q-B4 Q-B3 P x B Q-Q3 B-Kt3 

QxP Kt-KP B-Kt2 Q-Kt3 B x Kt 

R-Bsq O-U-O KVB3 Q-K43 B x B 

B-Q5 Kt x P QKtQ2— R Q>g QxKPcli 

R-Ktsq PxP ' CMJ — B-lJ-q 6 

R x Pch Kt x QR KtxP 




K-Bsq B-Kt3 Q-K2 P-KB3 

Q x Rch Q-B2 Kt x R + Kt-B?> 



Kt x Q Kt-R3 Kt-R3 

Kt x Q Kt x P 4- P-R3 



PxP O-O-O 

B-Kt3 4- QKtQJ— 



1 B-Kt3 resolves the panic into the normal position. If 8 Q.-K2, !> P-Q5 Kt-K4, 

10 Kt x Kt 10 Q x Kt, 11 Q-K-lch 11 B-Q2, 12 Q x KB 12 Q x R, 13 Kt-B3 and wins. 

2 If10B-KKt5 10Q-B4 (if 10 Q-Kt3, 11 R-Ksq), 11 Kt x KP 11 Q x Kt! 12 B x lvh 

12 K-Hsq. If 11 KtxKt, 12 R-Ksq 12 B-Kto, 13PB4 13 P x Pdisoh, 14 K-Bsq 

14 B-Q5, 15 Kt x P 15 K-Bsq, 10 QR-Qsq 10 KtxB, 17 Q x Kt 17 B-K3, 18 Q x KB 

15 P-KB3, 19 Kt-K4-f. 

3 IflOKtRil, HB-KKt5 11 Q-B4, 12Q-R3+; and if 10 B-Kt3, 11 B-KKto 11 Q-B4, 

12 Kd x KP 12 Kt x Kt, 13 P-B4 13 P x Pdisch, 14 K-Rsq 14 B-Q5, 15 Kt x P + . 

4 White may play here 11 B-Q5 11 B-Kt3, 12 B x Kt 12PxB, 13 B-R3 13 Q-B3, 

14 P x P+. 



5 This variation is taken from the Cliess Player's Chronicle, which, I believe, is in- 

debted to the Rev. Sanders for this ingenious defense. 

6 If 13 Kt-Qsq, 14 B x Kt, and if 13 B-KKt5, 14 B x Pch 14 Q x KB, 15 QxP. 

7 If 15 R-Qsq 15 P-KB3, 16 Kt-B3 10 B-K7, 17 R-Ksq 17 B x Kt. 18 V x P. 18 O-O-O. 



62 Table XLIL— EVANS GAMBIT.— Part II. 



17 



19 



P-K4 
1 P-K4 


Kt-KB3 

" Kt-QB3 


B-B4 
3 B-B4 


P-QKt4 
4 B x P 




5 B-K4 


0-0 

D Kt - B3 








7 


8 9 


10 


11 12 


r. Kf-Kt5 




P-Q4 





i 


o-o 


8 


P-B4 


P-Q4! 


9 


P x QP 


Kt x P 


10 


B-Pv3 


KtxKBP 


1 1 


K x Kt 8 




(■J.X Kt 


12 


ll-Bsq 


B-Kt3eh 


1 O 


K-Bsq 




Kt -K4 


14 


B x n 


Kt x B 


ir; 


BR 3 



Kt x KP ? P-Q3 

K-Ksq QR4 



Kt x QBP 10 P-Q4 P x P 

Kt x Kt Pv x Kt P-K5 



B x Kt P x K 14 Kt-KKt5 

Q-Kt3 Kt-Kto RP x P 

B x KB 11 B-K3 15 B-Q2 

Kt x BP B x Pch P-Q5 ? Q-W3 



K x Kt K-Bsq B-Kt3 18 B-Kt3 

B x Kch 9 B-Kt5 B-Kt3! B-KKt5 



P- 


Q4 


Ki-K4 


B 


X Pv 


Kt x B 


B- 


B5 


B 


x B 


P 


x B 


JS-K3 


Q- 


Bsq 


Q 


xQ 


K 


x Q 



K x B Kt x P P-K6 P-B3 

P-Kt3 Q-K3 12 P x B P x QP 



Q-Kt4 Kt-M! ~ P x Pch PxP 

K-Rsq Q-Pv3ch K-Bsq R-Ksqch 



B-K3 Kt-K2 Q x Qch Kt-K2 

Q-B3 Kt x P B x Q B-B4 



U-K3 + H ^ ii Q-Qsq P-Q3 ~ U-O-0 B-B2 



-in P x B Q-R5ch Q-KB3 B-K2 + Kt-B3 

K-Ktsq B x Pch " K-Bsq 



P x Kt K x B Pv x Kt 



Q-B3 + 14. B4 Q x Pv 



-j_g K x Q B-K6 Kt-Q5 + 

Qlt-Qsq+ B x Kt 



B x B 



Q-Q5eh 13 



8 If 11P-R1 11 P-KR3, 12 Kt x F 12 R x Kt, 13 B x Rch 13 K xB, 14 P-Kt3 14B-Kt3ch, 

15 P-Q4 15 Kt x P, 1G KiP x Kt 10 Kt-B7disch+. 

9 If 12 Q-K13 12 Q-Ksq. 13 B x Rch 13 Q, x B, 14 Q x Qch 14 K x Q, 15 P-Kt3 

15B-Kt3<:h, 1G P-Q4 10 B-RG, 17 R-B2 17 Kt x P, IS BP x Kt lSBxl", 19 P x Kt 
19 B x QR, 20 P x Pch 20 K-K3 + . 

10 If 8 Kt-Q3. 9B-KKt5 9 P-B3, 10 P x P 10 P x B, 11 P x Ktch 11 K-Bsq, 12 Q-Q5 

12 Q-B3, 13 Kt x P, unci win*. 

11 If 10 B x QR H B x Pch 11 K-Bsq, 12 B-Kto 12 Kt-K2, 13 Kt x P 13 P-Q4, 

14 Q-K.B3 14 B-B4 15 B-K6, mid should win. 

12 If 13 Q-R3ch 13 B-Kt5, followed by 14 P-B4+. 

13 Continued 23 K-Kt3 20 K-Ksq, 21 R-Qsq 21 Q x R, 22 Q x Q 22 Kt x Bch, 23 K-Kt4 

23P-KKt3, 24Q-Q5 + . 

14 Black should here play 9 P x B, and although he gets a somewhat cramped 

game, we believe he is safe. 

15 If Iff 0-0 11 Q-R5 11 P-KR3, 12 Kt x P 12 R x Kt, 13 B x Rch 13 K-Bsq, 14 B-R3ch 

14 Kt-K2, 15 B-Kt3 and wins. 

16 If 11 Q-Q2, 12 Q-Q2 12 O-O-O, 13 P x B, and White has a splendid game. 



Table XLIII.— EVANS GAMBIT.— Part II. 63 



P-K4 n Kt-KB3 „ 15-154 P-QKt4 



8 

9 
10 
11 
12 
13 



l'-K4 " Kt-QB3 15-154 ^ BxP 

r P-B3 „ O-O „ P-Q4 

o 



" B-R4 Kt-B3 ' O-O 

13 14 15 16 17 18 

PxP Q B2 KtxP(c) 

KKt x P P-Q3? Q-K2? KlxKP 

Q-B2.(«) B-Q5 B-R3 PxP PxP B-Q5! 



P-Q4 KtxQBP P-Q3 QKt x P QKt x P JitxKtl7 

R-Qsq Kt x Kt Q-B2 Kt x Kt Kt xKt B x Kt 

B7K3 B x Kt ~ Kt-B4 P x Kt Q x Kt Kt-Kt318 

B-K3 Kt-Kt5 15 x Kt BR3 B-Q3 Q-R5 

1M54 Kt xP ~ P x B Pv-Ksq Kt-Kt5 B-Kt3 19 

B x P Q-R5 QKt-Q2 R-Qsq P-K13 B-Kt5 





P-Q3 ? 


B-B3 


P x P 


P-Q3 


QKt x P 


Q-B2 


Kt x Kt 


Kt-B4 


P x Kt 


B x Kt 


B R3 


P x B 


Pv-Ksq 


QKt-Q2 


R-Qsq 


R-Ktsq 


Kt-Q2 


QR-Qsq 


Q-Kt3 


Q-K2 


Q-B3 


KR-Ksq 


K-Q3 


P-QKt4 


Q-KKt3 


B-Q3 


Q-R4 


P-KB3 -f 


B-Kt3 




Pv-B3 + 



B x B P-KK3 K-Ktsq Kt-Q2 B-Kt3 Q-Ksq 

P-154 P-B4 QPv-Qsq Q-Kt3 Kt-Pv3 Kt-Q2 



Kt-Kt5 B x R Q-K2 Q-B3 P-Q4 Q-K3 

Q-Kt2 P x Kt KR-Ksq K-Q3 B-KB4 P-KB 

1VB5 Q-K2 ~ P-QKt4 Q^KKt3 QTrI P-KB 

B-Bsq Kt x P B-Q3 Q-R4 P-R4 B-Q3 



Kt x BP Q-B4ch P-KR3 + B-Kt3 P-KR3 P-Q4 

j r> K x Kt K-Rsq R-B3 -f K-Kt2 QR-Ksg 

B-KL3ch Q x KB " P-Kt4 Q^Q3 

i n K-Ksq Kt x Pch+(6) P-B3 _ R-B3 -f- 

B x Kt P x B 

io R x Q P x Kt 

QR x R + Q x KtP 

19 
20 



R x P 



Q-KUch 
K-B3 
P-KR4 + 



17 If 9 Kt or B x QBP White replies 10 Kt x BP. 

18 If 10 Kt-B3, 11 P-Q5 11 Kt-K2, 12 P-QG 12 P x P, 13 B-R3+. 

19 If 11 P-QB3, 12 BR?, 12 R-Ksq, 13 B-B2 13' P-Q4, 14 P-KB4 + . 

(a) If 9 Q-Q5 9 Kt x QBP, 10 Q-Q3 10 P-Q4, 11 B-Kt3 ll;Kt x Kt, 12 R x Kt, 12 Kt-K2+; 
or if 'J Q-Q3 9 Kt-B4, 10 Q-Qo 10 lCt-K3+. 

(6) The above variation is taken from the sixth edition of the German Handbuch. 

(c) Richardson's attack. 



64 Table XLIV.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



P-K4 „ Kt-KB3 „ B-B4 , P-QKt4 



9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 



P-K4 " Ki-yiib B-B4 a x p 

5 ., ,., 6 ^, ,,o 7 



B-K4 u Kt-B3 ' O-U 

19 20 21 22 23 24 



KtxP! 



Kt x Kt ? Kt x KP Kt x KP 

P x Kt B-R3 Kt x BP 



Kt x P P-Q3 B x Kt 

Q-Q5 Kt x Kt B x Kch 



B x P P x Kt K x B 

Kt x B Q-R4 P-Q5 



Kt x Kt B x P Kt-K'2 21 Kt-K4 

Q-B3! Kt x B Q-R4 22 Q-Q4 



P-Q4 Kt-R5? Kt x Kt BxF Q-R5 

PxPraps+ Q-KKt3 Q x BP Kt x B E-Ksq 



K-l&q lt-Ktsq Kt x Kt Kt-Kt5 

B-KKto B x Pch Q-QB4 Q x Kt 

QTKsq E~x~B KKt x P QKt x P Q7 PvPch 

KR-K=q Q x Kt — B-Kt5 B-Q2 _ K-Bsq 
Kt-Kto 20— P-B3 ~ P-QKt4 Kt-B3 

B-Q3 KR-Ksq Q-Kt3 Q -B3 

Q-K3 K-Kt8 ! Q-H5! 23 P-Q3 

Q-B4 B x Kt B x Kt B-B4 + 

P-KR3 Kt x B Q-QB5 

B-BG Q-KR4 QxQ 



K-Ktsq K-B2 P x Q + 

Q Kt3 E-K3 



P-Kt3 P-KR3 

2Q BxP+ QR-Ksq + 



20 Usually given as a level game, but I think most players would prefer Black's 

position. 

21 If 11 Kt-Ktsq, 12 P-Q 6 12 PxP, 13 R-Ksq 13 B x P. 14 R x Kt! 14 B x R, 15 Q-R5ch 

15 K-Bsq, 1G B-Kt5 1C B-B3, 17 B x B 17 P x B, 18 Q-R6ch+. 

22 If 12 Q-R5ch 12 K-Ktsq, 13 P-Q6 13 P x P+. 

23 If 1G Kt-K7ch, 17 K-Rsq 17 P-B3, 18 Q-B3ch, and wins the Knight. 



Table XLV.-EVANS GAMBIT. 65 



P-K4 
1 P-K4 


Kt-KB3 


o B-B4 
6 B-B4 


- «? 


'-< l K t 1 


J Kt 


-QB3 


; x l" 




P-B3 
B-K4 


a P-Q4 
6 PxP 






25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 


0-0 
' P x P 24 












P-QG 


B x P 


p Q-Kt3 






/ 
Q-K2 


Q-Kt3 
Q-K2 35 


Kt x r 


Q-B3 


P x Kt 


P-K5 25 
y Q-Kt3 26 






Kt x P 


P-K5 


QKt3 


Q-Kt5 33 


Kt x P 


Q-B3 36 


ir . Kt x P 
1U KKt-K2 27 






B x Pch 
K-Qsq 


QKt-Q2 
Kt x Ktch 


P-K5 


Kt x P 


11 Kt-K2 
- L - L P-Kt4 28 


R-Ksq 
P-Kt4 


B-R3 
R-QKtsq32 


B-Kt5ch Kt x Kt 
KKt-K2 34 K-Qsq 


Kt x Kt 
Q x Kt 


1 B-Q3 29 
1 J Q-K3 


Kt x P 


Kt-QKt5 
P-QR3 


Kt-Q5 
Q x Q 


R-Ksq 
Q-Bsq 


B x Poh 


R-QKtsq 


K-Bsq 


iJ Kt-Kt3 


Kt-R4 
Q-R4 31 


QKt-Q4 
P-Kt4 


PxQ 


Kt-K5 
P-Q4 


B-R3eh + 


B-K13 




4 Kt-B4 
- 1 * Kt x Kt 


R-K4 


Kt x Kt 


KR-Bsq 


B x P at Q5 




P-Kt4 


Kt x Kt 


P-KR3 


B-K3 




1 > B X Kt 

itj P-KR3 30 


B-K2 


B-Q5 

P-Kt5 


R x Kt 
P x B 


B x B 
P x B 




Q-R3 




1ft QK-Bsq 
1D P-R3 


Q-QR3 
P-Pv3 


B-Kt2 
Kt-K2 


Kt x B 
BP x Kt 


Q x KtP -f 




1 - K Pv-Qsq 
- 1 ' B-Kt2 


Kt-Q4 


B-B4 


II x KtP -f 






B-Kt5 


B-Kt2 








-. q Q-Ktsq 
10 K-Qsq + 


Q-Q3 
Kt x Kt 


QR-Qsq 
B-Kt3 + 








19 
20 


R x Kt 
Q-Kt2 
Kt-B3 











P-R3 + 



For Notes see next page. 



66 Table XLV. continued.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



Notes to page 65. 

24 The Compromised defense. 

25 In the match between Zukertort and Steinitz the latter plaved 9 BKKt5 and the 

same was continued— 9 Q-Kt3, 10 Kt x P 10 B x Kt. HQxB 11 Kt-B3, 12 B-Q3 

12 O-O, etc. The correct continuation from move 11 is P-B3, 12 B-B4 12 P-Q3+. 

26 If9KtxP, lOR-Ksq 10 P-Q3, 11 Q-R4ch 11 K-Bsq, 12 Kt x Kt 12 P-B7, 

13 Kt-Kt6eh+. 

27 If 10 B x Kt, 11 Q x'B 11 KKt-K2, 12 Kt-Kt5 12 O-O, 13 B-Q3 13 Q-R4, 14 B x Pch 

14 K-Rsq, 15 P-B4 15 P-Q3, 16 B-K4 16 B-B4, 17 B-B3 17 B-Kt5, 18 Q-Q3 18 Kt-Kt3, 
19 P-K6+. 

28 This counter gambit is the key move of the defense; if he plav instead 11 O-O, 

White gets the advantage bv 12 B-Q3 12 Q-K3, 13 B x Pch 13 K-Rsq, 14 Q-R4 

14 P-Q3, 15 Kt-B4 15 Q-Q2, 16 P-K6 16 P x P, 17 Kt-Kt5 17 P-K4, 18 QIU-K6 

18 R-B3, 19 Q-KR4 19 R-R3, 20 Kt-B7ch+. 

29 Taking the Pawn with either Bishop or Queen is inferior. 

30 If 15 P-QR3, 16 QR-Bsq 16 B-Kt2, 17 KR-Qsq 17 B-Kt3, IS B-K4 18 Kt-R4, 

19 Kt-Kt5 19 Q-K2, 20 B x B 20 Kt x B, 21 Q-K2+. 

31 If 13 Q-Kt5, 14 Q-R4 14 K-Qsq, 15 Kt-KB3 15 B x R, 16 Kt x B 16 P-QR3 + . 

32 If 11 P-Kt4? 12 Kt x P 12 R-QKtsq, 13 B x Kt 13 K x B, 14 Q-R3ch 14 B-Kt-5, 

15 Q-K3 15 K Qsq, 16 Kt-Kt5 16 K-Bsq, 17 QR-Qsq+. 

And if 11 O-O, 12 QR-Qsq 12 P-IU4, 13 Kt x P 13 R-Ktsq, 14 Q-K3 14 P-QR3, 
15 QIU-Q4+. 

33 If 9 B x Kt, lOQxB 10 Kt-B3, 11 B-R3 11 P-Q3, 12 P-K5 12Kt-K5, 13 Q-Kt2 

13 QKt x P, 14 Kt x Kt 14 Q x Kt, 15 KR-Ksq + . 

34 If 11 Kt-B3, 12 Kt-Q.5 12 Q x Q, 13 P x Q 13 P-KR3, 14 B-R4 14 R-Bsq, 15 B-Kt6 

15 P-Q3 16 P-K5 16 P x P, 17 KR-Qsq 17 B-Q2, 18 Kt x Kt 18 P x Kt, 19 B-B5 + . 

35 If8Q-B3, 9R-Ksq 9P-Q3, 10 P-K5 10 P x P, 11 B-KIU5 11 Q-Q3, 12 B x Pch 

12 K-Bsq, 13 QKt-Q2 13 B-Kt3, 14 Kt-B4 14 B-K3, 15 B x Li 15 Q x B, 16 KKt x P+. 

36 If 9 Q-K2, 10 B-R3 10 Q-B3, 11 P-K5 11 Q-IU3, 12 Kt-Kt5+. 



Table XLVI.-EVANS GAMBIT DECLINED. 67 



9 




Kt-QB3 
B-B4 
B-B4 
P-QKt4 



B-Kt3 ! I 

P-QBJ ! P-Kt5 

KFR4~~ 
0-0 P-Q4 5 Kt x P 

FQ3 B x F Q-Kt4 ! 

Q-K2 P-R5 Kt x B B x Peli Kt x BP 




O-O P-Q3 B-B2 Kt x Kt K-K21 Q x KtP 

P-Q3 P-Q3 P-Kt5 0-0 B x Kt ll-Bsq 



P-Q3 B-K3 P x P F-Q3 Q x Kt Q x KPuii 

P-R5 Kt-B3 B x KtP P-B4 B-Q5 Q-K2 

B-R2 Kt-K2 KKL-K2 B-K;i P-B3 ! -4- Q x Qeh 



-I rv B-KK15 O-O P-Q4^ I? x B K x Q 

Q-K2 ~~ P-B3 —3 P7P~~ Kt x B Kt x B 

11 



O-O — KtxP— P-B5 Kt x 11 



Kt-Qsq2 B-Q2 4— Kt-Ki4 P-Q4 

-j O Kt-B3 — P-Q3 

" P-K3 6— Kt-Q3 7 



1 This is the best way to decline the Gambit. 

2 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Bird v. Rosenthal 

3 From a consultation game, Blaekburne and Potter against Steinitz and Zuker- 

tort. 

4 From a game, Anderssen v. Paulsen. Mr. Waytc says Anderssen's attack, of 

which this is a model, is too impetuous, as it feaves'White with Pawns need 
lessly weakened for the end game. 

5 Mr. Steinitz says:— This attack was tried by Anderssen against Paulsen in the 

match at Leipsig alter the QR.P had already been pushed to R5, and the Black 
Bishop was driven back to K2. 

6 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Zukertort v. Ehglisch. 

7 The Handbuch continues, 13 R-Ktsq 13 K-Bsq, 14 B-Kt2 llk't-Bi, 15 Kt-B3 

15KKt-K2 + . 



68 Table XLVII -EVANS GAMBIT DECLINED. 



11 12 



PxKt P-B3 P x P " K-Bsq 

P-Q5 P x Kt 



13 



H x Q 


B x Pv 


B x Li 


B-Q3 


K-K2 


B-Kt7 — 



B-K3 


Q-Q3 


0-0 


B-Kt5 


P-Q4 


B xKt 


Q x B 


P x P 


B-Kt5ch -f 



Kt x P 



Kt x QP 
B-Kt5eh 
P-QB3 
Kt x QBP 



B x Kt B x Kt Q-Kt3 

Q-R4di Q x B Q-K2o.h 



B-K3 
B-K3ch+ Kt-B3 -f Kt x Kt 



B xKt 



-| o Q x Quh B-Q3 0-0 



Kt x Q. K-K2 Q-Kt3 

B x R B-Kt7 — . P-Kt3 -4- 

P-Q4 9 + B-K3 



8 In a game, Minchin v. Wayte, Mr. Minehin introduced 6 B-K2, with the object 

of gaining an advantage of position by confining the Black Kt. 

9 From a game, Berber v. Goring, see Chess Player's Chronicle, August, 1878, p. 175. 

10 Or 9 R-KKtsq, 10 B x Pch 10 K x B, 11 B x P 11 B-Kt5. See game, Zukertort v. 

Wayte, Chess Player's Chronicle, January, 1877, p. 9, and a game, same number, 
p. 11, Minchin v. Wayte. 

11 Black mav also play 4 P-QKt4? 5 B x Pch 5 K x B, 6 P x B 6 P-Kt3, 7 P-Q4 7 P x P, 

8 Kt x P 8 Q-B3, 9 B-Kt2+. 

12 This variation of the Evans declined may be found most elaborately worked out 

in Gossip's Theory, p. 108. White may also play 5 B x P, or 5 B-Kt5* 

First— 5 B x P 5 Kt x P, 6 B-Kt3 6 IU-KB3, 7 Q-K2 7 O-O, 8 0-0 S B-Kto, 

9 B-Kt2 9 Q-K2=. 

Or, Second -5 B-Kt5 5 PxP! 6 P x B C P x Kt, 7 B x Ktch 7PxB, SPxP 

8 Kt-K2+.- 



69 



SECTION X. 

THE FOUE KNIGHTS' GAME, and 

THE THREE KNIGHTS' GAME. 

P-K4 Kt-KB3 Kt-B3 

1 P-K4 2 Kt-QB3 3 " 

This continuation has attained considerable popularity within the last 
three years, and was frequently adopted in the Paris Tourney, 1878. 

The most frequent form it assumes is known as the Double lluy Lopez, 
which occurred in the late match between Rosenthal and Zukertort. 

It should be pointed out to the student, that the Opening known as The 
Four Knights' Game may occur by several transpositions of which we give 
four examples: — 

2 Kt-KB3 2 Kt-QB3, 3 Kt-QB3 3 Kt-KB3 

2Kt-KB3 2Kt-KB3, 3 Kt-QB3 3 Kt-QB3 

2 Kt-QB3 2 IU-QB3, 3 Kt-KB3 3 Kt-KB3 

2 Kt-QB3 2Kt-KB3, 3 Kt-KB3 3 Kt-QB3 

In addition to the continuation, as in the first example for Black, 3 Kt-KB3, 

which constitutes the Four Knights' Opening, Black may play 3 P-KKt3 

3 B-B4, 3 B-Kto, or 3 P-Q3, which will be found analyzed in the last Table 

of this Section. 

The debut is one of the safest, but at the same time in its soundest variations 
one of the dullest openings on the board. 



P-K4 Kt-KB3 

J- ~d \r i — 



First 


1 P-K4 


1 T-K4, 


Second 


1 P-K4 


1 P-K4, 


Third 


1 P-K4 


1 P-K4, 


Fourth 


1 P-K4 


1 P-K4, 



P-K4 * Kt-QB3 









Columns 


3 


Kt-B3 


B-Kto 
4 B-Kto 




Kt-B3 


1-9 






4 B-B4 


10-12 






4 P-QR3 


13-18 






4 Kt-Q5 


19-22 






4 P-Q4 


23 






Kt x P 


24 


3 


Kt-B3 
P-KKto 




25-20 


3 


B-B4 




27-2." 


3 


B-Kto 




29 


3 


V fV3 




30 



P-O.3 



70 Table XL VIII.— THE POUR KNIGHTS' GAME. 





l 




2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


] 


P-K4 














P-K4 














2 


Kt-KB3 














Kt-QB3 














3 


Kt-B3 














Kt-B3 














4 


B-Kt5 














B-Kt5I 














5 


0-0 














0-0 














6 


Kt-Q5 
13- B4 














Kt x Kt 


B-K-2 


7 


P-Q41 

Kt x Kt 






Kt x QP 




P xKt 


P-Q3 


P 


xP 


B xP 


Kt-Q5 9 


P-Q3 


8> 


P x B 


B-Kt5 


Kt x QKt 


Kt x B 


Kt xP 


Kt-K3 10 


Kt-B3 


K- 


■Kbq 


B xKt 


QKt x Kt 


Kt x B 


Kt-Q5 


9 


B x Kt 2 


B-Ksq! 4 


B-Kt5 


B-Kt5 


P-QB4 


B-B4 


QP x B 


Kt-K4 5 


P-B3 


Kt x B 


Kt-Q.o 


P-B3 


lO- 


Q x Q 
KxQ 


KKt x Kt 


KtxKtch 
P x Kt 


P-KR4 
P-Q3 


P-QD3 


P-B3 


It 


x Kt 


P-Q3 


Kt x Ktch 


ll 


B-Kt5 
K-Ksq 


P-KB4 


B-KK6 + 


PxP 
PxP 


Kt-B3 
Kt x Ktch 


Q x Kt 


Pv 


x B 


B-K3 


12 


B x Kt 


Kt x Ktch 




K x Kt 


Q x Kt 


B-K13 


P x JJ3 


Q 


x Kt 


P-B3 7 


B-QB4 


Q-Q2 


13 




p 


x E 




E-K.t6 
li-P x B 8 


P-Q4 
B x P 


Q-K2 


Q 


x P 


P-Q4 


14 


* 


P-K5 
P-QB3 6 




B x Q + 


P x B — 


P xP 


— ■ 


P x Pll 



1 Mr. Blackburne's attack. 

2 Stcinitz commends 9 Q-Q3 9 Q-K2, 10 B-K8 10 P-Q3, 11 Kt-Q2. 

3 First game in the match, Zukertort v. Rosenthal — drawn game. 

4 Proposed by Rosenthal and Zukertort. 

5 9 P-Q3? on account of 10 Q-Q2. 

6 (If 14 P-Q4, 15 P x P en pas, followed bv P-Q7 threatening R-K8ch) 

15 B-Q3 15 P-Q4, 16 P x P en pas 16 B-KKt5=. 

7 If 12 P x R, 13 B x P followed by Q-R5, winning easily. 

If 13 P-: 



continued 



8 If 13 Q-R4, 14 Kt-B6ch, followed by Q-R5 
not retake on account of Kt x Rch. 



14 B x P, and the R can 



9 Or 7 Kt-K2, 8 Kt x P 8 Kt x P, 9 P-QB3, with a slightly better game, 

10 OrSBxKt 8PxB, 9 IU-K3 9 P-B4, 10 P-QKt3 10 Kt-Ksq, 11 B-Kt2 11 P-B4, 

12 P x P 12 B x P, 13 Kt-Q2+. 

11 From the third game in the match, Zukertort v. Rosenthal. 

The notes to this Table, and the variations in Cols. 2, 3, 4 and 5, are from the Chess 
column of the Field, edited by Herr Steinitz, 



9 



P-K4 
Kt-KB3 



Table XLIX.— THE FOUR KNIGHTS' GAME. 71 

7 8 9 10 11 12 

P-K4 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 



Kt-Qb3 

Kt-B3 

Kt-B3 

B-Kto 

B-Kt5 B7B4 

Kt-Q-5 Kt x P 16 

KtxKt? B-B4 KtxKtp7 

P x Kt P-B3 13 P-Q4 

Kt-Q5 " Kt x P TUp B-Kt5 

Kt x Kt P-Q4 P-B4I18 P x Kt 



P x Kt P x P QKt-Kt5 Kt x P 

Q-Kt4! PxP P-K5 Q-Q4 Q-Kt4 



Q-K2ohl2 QKt x P B-Ktoch ? B-K2 " Kt x Kt Kt x Kt 
K-Qsq Kt x Kt K-Bsq PxKt— P x Kt QxB 



Q-B3 P-QB3 B-K.2! KtxBP— B-K2 " KtxJi" 



^ < v R Ksqch 0-0 B-KB4 P-KG — Q x Kt 

K-Q=q " P x Kt ! Kt-Q3 B^B3 — IMJ 

1 1 R ' K4 Kt-B5 B-Q3 

B-B4 " 04) " (M) 

iO P-Q3 Q x P P-KR4 -f 

P-KR3 K-Ksq 14 

IQ B-KB4 J- B-Q3 

^ Q-B3 15 



12 If 8 Q-B3, 9 0-0 0-0, 10 B x P + . 

13 Introduced by Dr. Fleissig at the Leipsig Tourney, 1877, in a game against Heir 

Englisch. 

14 If 12 Q-Kt3, 13 Q x Kt 13 QxB, 14 B-R6 + . 

15 Continued 14 B xKt 14 R-K4, 15Q-B1 15 P-Q4, 16 B x I>, 16 Q x Kt, 17 Q x B 

17 K x B=. 

16 Herr Zukertort recommends 5 0-0. 

17 If 5 B x Pch? 6 K x B 6 Kt x Kt, 7 P-Q4, and White has the better game 

18 If 7 P x Kt? 7 B x P, S Kt-K'2 S Q-K2, and Black wins a Pawn. 



72 Table L.— THE FOUR KNIGHTS' GAME. 

13 14 15 16 17 18 

P-K4 



9 
10 
11 



P-.K4 

Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB3 
Kt-B3 
Kt-B3 

B-Kt5 
P-QR3 

B-E4 B x Kt 23 



B-Kt5 


B-B4 


0-0 


0-0! 


O-O 


P-QKt4 


Kt-Q5 


B-Kt3 


B-B4 


P-Q3 


P-Q4 20 


P-QR4 


Kt x QP 


K-QKtsq 


Kt x QKt 


P x P 


KtxKt+ 


P xP 


21 


Q-K2 




P-Kt5 




Kt-Q5 — 



QP x B 
Kt xP 

Kt x P 
Kt x Kt 



Q-Q5 
0-0 



Q x KKt 
R-Ksq 



B-K3 
P-Q4 



Q-Q4 Q-KB4 

B-Kt5 B-Kt5 

O-O 22- K-Q2! pTR3 B^Q3~ 



lO Q-Q2 Q-Q3 P-KKt4 

Pv-Ksq " B-Q3 K-Q2 " Q-Q4 

iq P-QK13 24 P-QKt3 B-B4 Q-Q2 

K-Bsq " QR-Ksq K-Ksq TmT 

-ia P-QB4 P-QB4 P-QB4 P-QB4 

Q-Q2 25 Q-KB426 K-Bsq 27 QxBP28 



20 This move is unsound. P-B3 might be better, but Columns 1 to 9 should be 

thoroughly studied in connection with this variation— the only difference in 
the position being that Black has driven the White Bishop to QR4. 

21 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Blackburne v. Zukertort. 

22 Played in the tie match for the first prize in the Paris Tourney, between Zu- 

kertort and Winawer. 

23 The Ranken variations, from an article in the diets Player's Chronicle, Decem- 

ber, 1879. 

24 13 Kt-B3 is weak, as Black can replv 13 B-QKt5, as pointed out in the Brighton. 

Herald, 17th April, 1SS0. 

25 Continued, 15 QR-Qsq 15 B-KB4, 16 P-B3 16 B x Kt, 17 P x B 17 B-Q3, 18 B-B4+ 

Or 15 B-K2, 16 B x B 16 R x B, 17 K-B5+. 

26 White obtains the better game by 15 QR-Qsq. 

.27 Again, 15 QR-Qsq gives White the better game. 

'.28 Continued, 15 Kt-B6ch 15 K-Rsq, 16 QR-Bsq 16 Q-Kr4, 17 P-QR4 17QxRP 
18Q-Q3 18P-KKt3, 19 Q-KR3 19 P-KR4, 20 Kt x P 20 B x KtP, 21 B-B6ch, and 
wins. 



Table LI.-THE FOUR KNIGHTS' GAME. 73 



1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 



19 20 21 22 23 24 

P-E i 

l'-K4 
Kt-KB3 



Kt-QB3 

Kt-B3 



Kt-B3 

B- Kt5 P-Q4__ KtxF?32 

K7-Q5 li-Kto! 31 Kt x Kt 

Kt x P 29 v - ( ^ P "Q^ 



Kt x KP! Kt-K2 Kt-lvto 

Kt x Kt B-B4 Kt x P P-K5 



Q-K2! Q-Kt4 ^-Q 3 Kt-Ktsq 

0-0 B x Pch Kt x BP Kt-Kt4 Kt-B8 B-QB4 



Q x Kt K-K2 QxKtP P-Q4 Kt x KP P-QB3 

R-Ksq — Kt-Q5ch R-Bsq Kt-K3 Q-Q* Q-B3 

B-K2 — K-Qsq P-Q4 KtxKBP B x Ktcli P-Q4 

Kt-KKt4 B x P K x Kt P x B — F x Pen p. 

Q-B4+30 B-KK15 Q-Boeh Kt-KB3— Kt-B3 

B x Kt K-Ksq Q-K2ch 

Kt-Bbch P x B + K-Q2 + 

B x Kt 



B x B 



29 5 Kt x Kt would obviously be bad, but 5 B-B4 is possibly the strongest continu- 

ation. 

30 Played in a same between Messrs Wavte and Ranken, published in the Field. 

March, 1880. 

31 Or 4 P x P. 5 Kt x P 5 B-Kt5„ 6 Kt x Kt 6 KtP x Kt, 7 Q-Q4 7 Q-K2, 8 B-Q3 8 P-Q4, 

9 0-0 9 B x Kt, 10 P x B 10 P x P„ 11 R-Ksq + . 

32 Mr. Gossip says this is a favorite Attack with the Leipsig players. 



74 Table LII— THE THREE KNIGHTS' GAME. 





25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 


1 


P-K4 












P-K4 












2 


Kt-KB3 












Kt-QB3 












3 


Kt-B3 
P-KKt3 












B-B4 


B-Kt5 


P-Q3 


4 


P-Q4 
P xP 




Kt x P 
Kt x Kt ! 




Kt-Q5 


B-Kt5 


B x Pch 


Kt-Ii3 


P-QK3 


5 


Kt x P 




P-Q4 


K x B 


Kt x B 


B-E4 


B-Kt2 




B-Q3 


Kt x Kt 


Kt x Kt 


B-Q2 


6 


B-K3 
KKt,-K2 




P x Kt 


P-Q4 
Kt-Kt3 4 


P-B3 
Kt-B3 


P-Q4 


B x P 


P x P 


7 


Q-Q2 


B-QB4 


B-Q2 


B-QB4 


B-Kt5 — 


Kt xP 


0-0 


P-Q3 


Kt-B3 


P-Q3 


— 


Kt-B3 


8 


0-0-0 
P-Q3 


0-0 


B-Q3 — 


E-Bsq 
B-K3 




0-0 


0-0 1 


P-Q3 3 — 


B-K2 


9 


B-K2 
B-K3 


P-B4 




B x B 




p_KR3 — 


Kt-R4 


P x B 


O-O 6 — 


10 


P-B4 + 


B-Q3 — 




Q-Kt45-f 







P-Q4 2 — 



1 Mr. Gossip gives 8 Kt-K4, 9 B-K2 9 P-KB4, 10 B-KKto, with an excellent opening. 

2 From a game in the Vienna Tourney, Rosenthal v. Steinitz, 

3 From a game in the Boston Tourney, Ranken v. Thorold. 

4 If 6 Q-B3ch, 7 K-Ksq or 7 K-Ktsq 7 Kt-Kt5, 8 Q-Q2 8 Kt-K2, 9 P-K5+. 

5 Gossip's Theory continues:— If 10 Q-R5ch, 11 Q x Q 11 Kt x Q. 12 K-Kt3 12 Kt-Kt3, 

13 Kt-Kt5 13 K-Q2, 14 R-B7, with a marked superiority. 



6 From a game, Minchin v. Ballard. 



75 



BOOK II. 

KINGS BISHOPS OPENING. 

P-K4 9 B-B4 

1 P-K4 

This instructive method of commencing the game was the classical debut 
of Philidor's era. It is now seldom adopted, recent authorities preferring 
the King's Knight's Opening, which gives the first player a more enduring 
attack, and greater scope for combination. 

Black has four lines of play at his command: — 

First 2 Kt-KB3 King's Knight's Defense Col. 1- 

Second 2 B-B4 Two Bishop's Opening " 13-24 

Third 2 P-KB4 Calabrois Counter Gambit " 25-30 

Fourth 2 P-QB3 " 10-12 



76 



'able LIII.— KING'S BISHOP'S OPENING. 



3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 



l 

P-K4 



P-K4 

B-B4 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-KB31 

Kt x P! 2 

Kt-B3 

Kt x Kt 

QP x Kt 

P-KB3 

0-0 

P-Q3 

Kt-R4 

P-KKt3! 

P-B4 



Q-K2 
P-B5 



P-KKt4 

Q-R5ch 

K-Qsq 

Kt-B3 3 

Q-Ksq -f- 



Q-K2 ! 4 

R-Ksq 

P-Q3 

Kt-B4 

"KtTB3 

P-B4 

J3-Q2 

Q-B5ch 

K-Qsq 

Kt-Kt6 

Q-Ksq 

B-Q3 

B-K2 + 



P-B3 


Pv x P5 


P X Pv 


B-KKt5 


Q-Q3 


Q-K2 . 


B-K2 


R-Qsq 6 


Q-B2 


B x B 


P-Q4 


Kt xP 


B-K3 


Kt-Kt6 


PxKt ' 


Q x B 



P-Kt4 

Pv-Qsq 



P x B 

RxQ 



B x Pv 
Ktx P 
B x Kt 

Q x Bch 
K-B2 

Q-B5ch 8 



Q-B4 
Q-K2 



Q x B7 



P-Qi 

Kt x P 
PxB •" 
Q-Boch 
P-Kt3 
Kt x KtP 
Q x B 
R-Ksqch 
K-Q2 
Q x Q 
P x Kl 9 



P-Q3 ? 10 
Ktx P 
Q-K2 

B x Pch 
K-Qsq 
0-0 
Q x Kt 
B-Ksq 
Q-B3 11 
R-K8ch 
K-Q2 
Q-Kt4ch 
K^B3 
B-Q5eh ! 
K x B 

Q-K4ch 
K^Bl 

B-K3eh 
K-Kt4 

P-R4cli + 



8 
9 

10 
11 



See also " Petroff's (Counter Attack." 

For 3 Kt-B3, see "Two Knights' Defense." 

If 11 Kt-Kt6 11 Q-Ksq, ]2 Q-R3 12 Q x Kt, 13 P x Q 13 B x Q, 14 P x B 14 P x P+. 

If 6 P-KKt3, 7 R-Ksq 7 P-Q3, 8 Kt-Kt5 8 P x Kt, 9 B.x Peh+. 

The variations arising from 8 R.x P are taken from an analysis contributed by 

Mr. W. T. Pierce to the Iluddersfield College Magazine, Vols." 6 and 7. 
If 11 B x B 11 Q x B, 12 Kt x P 12 P-KKt3, 13 R-Ksq 13 P-Q4. 14 Kt x KtP 14 Q x Q, 

15 R x Q 15 K-B2, 16 Kt x Rch 16 K-Bsq, 17 B-Q3 17 B-Q2, IS B x P 18 K-Kt2, 

19 R-K7ch 19 K x Kt, 20 P-KB4 20 P-QB4, 21 P-B5. 

If 16 Q-BSch 16 K-B2, 17 Q x R 17 P x B, 18 Q-QB8 IS P-R4, 19 P-KKt4 19 P-QKt4, 

20 R-Q4 20 P-Kt4, 21 R-Q8 21 P-Kt5, 22 R-R8=. 
And White can at least draw. 

Ifl6R-Qsqch 16 K-K3! 17 Q x Pch 17 K-K2! 18 R-Ksqch IS K-Q2, 19 Q-B7ch 
19 K-Q3, 20 Q-B6ch + . 

Black may also play 5 B-K2, 6 Kt x P 6 0-0, 7 0-0, etc. 
If 9 B-Kt5, 10 R x Q 10 B x Q, 11 B-Kt5ch 11 K moves. 12 R x B + . 



Table LIV.— KING'S BISHOP'S OPENING. 77 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


1 


P-K4 












P-K4 












w> 


B-B4 
Kt-KB8 












— 


P-QB3? 




3 


P-Q4 
PxP! 


P-B4 2 
P-Q4 


P-Q3 
P-Q4 


Q-K2 




P-Q4 


Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 


4 


P-K5 
P-Q4 


P x QP 3 
P x P 


P xP 

Kt x P 


P-B4 
Px P 




Kt-QB3 


B-B4 4 


P-Q4 


5 


B-K13 
Kt-K5 


P-Q4 
B-KKt5 


Kt-KB3 
B-KKt5 


P-K5 
Kt-Q4 


P x P 

B x Kt 


P xKP 


Kt x P 


6 


Kt-K2 
B-QB4 1 


KtKB3— 

KtxP — 


0-0 — 
P-QB3 — 


P-Q4 

B-K2 


R x B 


B-Q3 — 


P-Q4 


P-KB4- 


7 


P-KB3 

Kt-Kt4 






B x Kt 


P x P e. p. 
0-0 




B-R5ch 




8 


Kt x P — 
Kt-K3 — 






P-Kt3 


P-Ko 
K-Ksq 




PxP 




9 








B xPch 
K x B 


P-Q4 + 




10 








Q-B3ch 4- 







1 6 P-QB4 is usually recommended; but White gets a good game bv breaking up 

the Pawns by 7 P-QB3! 

2 Leading to variations similar to the King's Knight's Defense to the Bishop's 

Gambit. 

3 Or4BPxP 4 KtxP, 5 Q-B3 5 Q-R5ch. 6 P-KKt3 6 Kt x KtP. 7 P x Kt 7 Q x P. 

8 Kt-B3 8 B-K3, 9 P-Q3 9 Q-B3, 10 B-Kt5 10 P-Q.">, and Black has the advantage . 

4 If 4 P-Q3, 5PxP 5PxP, 6Kt-KB3 6 B-Q3 (6 B-KKt5 would be better), 7 P-Q4 

7 P x P, 8 P-K.3 8 0-0, 9 0-0 9 R-Ksq, 10 Kt-Kt5 10 R x P, 11 Kt x BP HRxQ, 
12 Kt xQdisch+. 



78 Table LV.-KPNG-'S BISHOP'S OPENING. 

13 14 15 16 17 18 

P-K4 



P-K4 
B-B4 



B-B4 

P-QB3 1 S 

Kt-KB3 """ Q-Kt4 " P-Q4 6 

P-Q4 Q-B3 5 B x P7 

FTP • Q-Kt3! Kt-KB3 Kt x B ! 

r P-K5 Kt-K2 Q-B3 ! 8 P x Kt 

° P-Q4 2 Q-K2? " P-Q3 " 0^5~~ " P-B4 

n B-QKt5eh P x Kt P x P P -Q4 P-Q4 Kt-K2 

" B^Q2 P x B " B-Kt5ch B-Kt3 " PTP iM) 



7 



9 



B x Bch Q-R5 K-Bgq! P xP B-Kt5 P-Q4 

KKt x B O-O " Kt-K5 PxP " FTP P-K5 

P x P Q x B Q-Kt4 Kt-Kt3 B x Kt Q-Kt3 



B-Kt5ch li-Ksqcli i'-KB4 4 Kt-KB3 P-B7 " B-Q3 

Kt-QB3 Kt-K2 3 Q-K5ch P-KP V 3— Kt-B3 B-B4 



U-O P-QB P-Kt3 Q x QB B x B 

10 Kt ' K2 B-K3 Q-B6 QxQ Kt x B 

P-QB4 " P x Kt " PB3 P x Q 

11 

12 



P x P Kt-Q2 P-B3 Kt-B3 



Kt x BP Kt-K3 B-Q4 P-B3 . 

0-0 Qx Pnt B4 B-K2 -f B-Kt3 

B x Kt, Q~xT P-B4 



-j o Kt x B Q x KP — P-K5 — 

P-Q5 B-K3 — 

14 Kt-K2 



Kt-B3 



1 This is the classical move, favored by Philidor. 

2 It 5 Kt-K5, 6 Q-K2 6 Kt-Kt4, 7 P-B4 7 Kt-K?., 8 P-B5 8 Kt-Bsq, 9 Kt-B3 9 P x P, 

10 Kt-Kt5+. 

3 Should White plav 9 K-Bsq, Black gets the advantage bv 9 P x P, 10 Kt x P 

10 Q-Q6ch, 11 KKt-K2 11 K x Kt, 12 Q-Q5 12 R-B7disch, 13 Q x Q 1?, P x Q. 

4 Or 8 P-QB3, 9 Q x Kt 9 P-Q4, 10 B x P 10 P x B, 11 Q x QP+. 

5 II 4 K-Bsq 4 Q-K2, 5 P-Q4 5 B-Kt3 6 Kt-B3 6 P-Q3, etc. 

6 Black may also plav 3 Q-K2, 4 Kt-KB3 4 P-Q.3, 5 0-0 5 B-K3, 6 Q-Kt3 6 B-Kt3, 

7BxB 7QxB, SQx Qch S P x Q, 9 P-Q4 9 P x P, 10 P x P 10 Kt-KB3=. 

7 If4PxP4Bx Pch, 5 K x B 5 Q'-B,5ch+. 

8 If 5 P-Q4 5 P x P, P x P 6 B-Kt5ch, 7 Kt-B3 7 Kt x B, 8 P x Kt S Q x P, 9 Kt-B3 

9 B-Kt5, 10 B-K3 10 B x KKt, 11 Qx B 11 Q x Q, 12 P x Q=. 



Table LVI.-KING'S BISHOP'S OPENING. 79 



P-K4 
B-B4 



B-B4 

Q-K2 KI-KB3 P-B4 P-QKt4 8 Q-R5 



Kt-QB31 Q-K2 4 P Q3 5 B x Kt! 6 BxKtP Q-K2 
P-QB3 2 ?-B4 P-Q4 Q-Ro 7 P-B4 Kt-KB3 




PxP! Q-K2 P-Q4I9 P-Qo 

P-B3 R x B P x QP Kt-Kt5 



19 20 21 22 23 24 

- P-K4 

2 

3 
4 
5 

V-KJ x-oo 

0-0 Q-K2 0-0 10 B x Qch 

' P-Q4 " B-KKt5 Kt-B3 4- Kt-Qo ' O^U " K-K2 

8 

9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 



PxP Kt-QB3 P-K5 " Kt-KB3 

Kt x P P-Q3 Kt-K2 Q x Pchl l 

Kt-QB3 Kt-B3 " Kt-KB3 Q x Q 

Q-K2 0-0 10 B x Q 

Kt-Q-5 (MJ " K-K2 

Q-Q>q QKt-B3 P-B4 



P-0,4 P-b;j P-KKo 

P-B3 PxP Kt-KB3 



Kt-Kt5 Kt x P Kt x P 

P-KKt3 K-Rsq 0-0 

P x B " B-Kt5 4- 

PxKt 

KP xQP 

P-KR3 

Kt-B3 

Q-R4ch 



U-U-O — P-B3 

Q x P at B4 
B x P + 



1 If3P-Q.1, 4 P-B4 4 Kt-KB3, 5 P-Q3 5 Kt-Kta, G Kt-KB3 6 B-B7ch, 7 K-Qsq 

7 B-QB4, 8 E-Bsq 8 Kt-t|B:j, etc. 

2 If 4 B x Pch 4 K x B, .5 Q-BJch 5 P-Q4, C Q x B G P x P, 7 Q-B4ch 7 B-K:l, 8 Q x P 

8 Kt-B3. 

3 This move constitutes the " Lopez Gambit." not so good as 5 Kt-B3. 

4 If 3 IU-KB3, 4 P-B4 4 P-Q4. 5 V. x P 5 Kt x B, 6 P x Kt 6 0-0, 7 P x P 7 Q x P, 

8 Kt-QB3 8 Q-Qsq, 9 Kt-KBO 9 B-KKto. 

5 If 3 Kt-QB3, White may adopt the "Evans Gambit." See also the " Giuoco 

Piano.' 

6 If 3 P x P? 4 P-Ql 4 Q-R5ch, 5 K-Bsq 5 B-Kt3, 6 Kt-KB3+. 

7 If 4 R x B 4 Q-Roch, 5 P-Kt3 5 Q x RP, 6 K-Bsq G P-Q4. etc. 

8 McDonnell's favorite Double Gambit, considered unsound. 

9 The Rev. T. C. Sanders has shown that Black raav plav 4 P x P with advantage. 

e. ff.,4PxP, 5 Kt-KB3 5 P-Q4, G P x P (if G B x P 6 Kt-KB3, 7 P-B3 7KtxB! 
followed by 8 B Q3 or 8 Kt x KtP, with advantage, according as White plays), 
6 Kt-KB3, 7 P-B3 7 B-Q3, etc. 

10 A game between Messrs. Mongredien and Morphv proceeded— 7 P-B3 7 B-QBI. 

8 P-Q4 8 P x P en pas, 9 Q x P 9 0-0, 10 B-R3 10 B x B, 11 Kt xP, 11 B-Kt5, etc. 

11 If C B x Pch? 6 K-Qsq, 7 Q-R4 7 R-Bsq, 8 B-B4 8 Kt-Kto, 9 0-0 9 R x P + . 



80 


Table LVII— KING'S BISHOP'S 


OPENING. 




25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 


1 


P-K4 












P-K.4 












2 


B-B4 












P-.KB4 1 












3 


P-Q3 ! 2 
Kt-KB3 






B xKt 

KxB 


PxP 




Kt-KB3 




4 


P-B4! 
P-Q4 






Q-R5ch 5 


P-Q4 
PxP 


Kt-QB3! 


P-Q3 


P x BP 


P-Kt3 


P-Q4 6 


5 


Px QP 
P x P3 


Kt-KB3 
P x KP 4 


B x P! 
P x P 


Q xKP 
K-Kt2 


QxP 


Kt x P 


P-Q4 


Kt x Kt 


6 


Q-K2ch 
B-K2 


QP xP 
B-Kt5 


P x P 
Q-K2 


Q-K8 
Q-Kt4 


B-Q3 
Kt-B3 


Q-R5ch 
K-K2 


7 


Kt-QB3 


Px P 


P-K5 


Q-K3 


Q-K3ch 


P-Q4 


QKt-Q2 


B x Kt 


P-Q3 


P x P 


K-B2 


Q-Q3 


8 


B xP 


Q x B 


Q-K2 


Kt-QB3 
Q-B4 


Kt-K2 
B-Kt5ch 


B-Ktoch 


Kt-Kto 


P x P 


P x P 


Kt-B3 


9 


0-0-0 + 


Q-QKt3 

Q-Bsq 


B xP 


Q-K3 
K-B2 


P-B3 
ll-Ksq 


Kt-B3 + 


P-B3 




10 




B-KKt5+ 


Kt-KB3-f- 


Kt-K3 
P-Q4 


Q-Kt3 
B-Q3 + 




11 








Kt x QP 












Kt-B3 






12 








P-Q3 







1 The Calabrois Counter Gambit. 

2 If 3 P-Q4 3 P x QP, 4 B x Kt or (4 Q x P 4 Kt-QB3, 5 Q-K3 5 P x P, Q x Pch 

6Q-K2=) 4RxB, 5QxP 5 Kt-B3! 6 Q-Q5 6 Kt-K2, 7 Q-Q3 7 P x P, sQuKP 
8P-KKt3=. 

3 If 5 P-K5, C P x P 6 Kt x KP, 7 Q-B3 + . 

4 Black may also play 5 P x BP, 6 0-0 6 P x P, 7 P x P4-. 

5 White obtains an even game by 4 Kt-QB3 4Q-Kt4! 5 Q-B3 5 P-QS, 6 P-Q4 

6 Q-Kt3=. 

6 See Note 5. 



81 



BOOK III. 



KING'S GAMBITS. 

P-K4 P-KB4 

1 FK4 A 

This method of opening is considered hazardous, but as Major Jaenisch 
has remarked, "it gives birth to the most ingenious and complicated posi- 
tions arising at Chess." The Knight's Gambit was superficially noticed by 
Lopez (1561), but the true theory of this debut was developed by the Roman 
Chess writer, Polerio (1004), and the Neapolitan, Salvia (1634). "White offers 
to sacrifice his King's Bishop's Pawn. If Black refuse the proffered Pawn, 
we have the King's Gambit Declined. Table 80. 

The accepted Gambit is divided into two classes: 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4, 2 P-KB4 2 P x P, 3 B-B4.— King's Bishops Gambit. 
Tables 58-61. 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4, 2 P-KB4 2 P x P, 3 Kt-KB3.— King's Knight's Gam- 
bit. Tables 62-79. 

There are several important openings in the King's Knight's Gambit, 
only one of which should properly be designated by that name. 
P-K4 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 

1 P-K4 * P x P 

Black's best move is 3 P-KKt4, supporting the Gambit Pawn. 

(If 3 B-K2=Cunningham Gambit. Tables 78, 79. 

t B-B4 
4 

(For 4 P-KR4=Allgaier Gambit. See Tables 71-77. 

If Black now play 4 B-Kt2=King's Knight's Gambit, proper. Tables 
62-05. 

(If 4 P-Kt5, attacking "White's King's Knight, "White can save the 
Knight by 5 Kt-Kt5=Salvio Gambit. Tables 66, 67, or sacrifice the Knight 
by 5 0-0 5 P-Q4 or Kt-B3=Muzio Gambit. Tables 68-70. 
6 



82 



SECTION I. 



KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 



P-K4 
P-K4 



2 



P-KB4 
P x P 



B-B4 



The oldest examples of this opening are to be found in the works of Lopez 
and Greco, also in the manuscripts of Polerio, who was very distinguished 
for his time. In a later age the celebrated McDonnell brought to bear new- 
lights, by inventing novel forms of attack and defense, but we owe to Major 
Jaenisch the elaboration of this most complex opening, which he eloquently 

styled 

" An imperishable monument of human wisdom." 

Black has eight defenses : — 
First 3 P-Q4 (which, followed by 4 Q-R5ch, is now con- 
sidered best) Col. 1- 6 

Second 3 Kt-QB3 

Third 3 P-KKt4 

Fourth 3P-QB3 

Fifth 3 P-QKt4 Bryan's Counter Gambit 

Sixth 3 Kt-KB3 Lictenhein's Counter Attack 

Seventh 3 P-KB4 The Old Classical Defense 

Eighth 3 Q-ll5ch The Modern Classical Defense 



8- 9 
10 

11-12 
13-15 
16-18 
19-24 



Table I. VIII.- KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 83 



P-K4 . P-KB4 B-B4 

o 



P-K4 u I'd' ° P-Q4! 

12 3 4 5 6 
P x P? B x P 

Kt-KBol Q-R5ch Kt-K B:J 

Kt-QB3 K-Bsq Kt-QB3 7 

B-Q3 ' P-KKt4 B-QKt5 

P-Q4 Kt-KB3? KtQB3! KKt-K'2 



Q-B4 ~ P-B3 
Kt-Kt5 -f B-Q4 
QTKuT 
Q-Q2 - 



Q x Ktch 

K-(>M, 

Kt-K6ch -j- 



Kt-B7 -f Q x Pch- 



1 Gossip gives 4 Q-R5eh, 5 K-Bsq 5 B-Q3, i', P-Q4 6 Kt-K2 f , with a good opening. 

2 If9B-Q5eh, 10 K-Bsq 10 Kt-KR3, 11 P-Q3 11 Kt-B3, 12 P-B.3+, or if 9 KI-KR3, 

10 P-Q4+. 

3 If 13 B x Ktch 13 P x B, 14 Kt-QB3 14 Kt-B3, 15 P-Q3 15 Kt-R4, 16 Kt-K2 1(5 15-K4, 

17 R-Bsq 17 P-B3, 18 Kt-B3 IS 0-0-0+. 

4 If 10 O-O, 11 B-K4! 11 P-B4, 12 Kt-K J! [12 QKt-B3, 13 K-Ktsq 13 Kt x QP, 14 P x P 

14 Kt x KKtch, 15 B x Kt 15 Q x P, 10 QB x P=. 

5 if 11 P x 11, 12 Kt-K4 12 P-Kt5, 13 Kt-Ksq+. 

6 If 11 Kt-Ksq 11 P-B6, 12 B-K3 12 QKt-B3, 13 B x Ktch 13 P x B! 14 Kt-Q3 14 P x P, 

15 K x P 15 Kt-Kt3=. 

7 If 5 Q-K2 5 Kt x B, 6 P x Ktdisch 6 B-K2, 7 Q-B3 7 B-R5ch, 8 P-Kt3 8 P x P, 9 P x P 

9 B-Kt4, 10 Kt-B3 + , or if 5 Q-B3, 5 B-Q3=. 



84 



Table LIX.— KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 



3 
4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 



Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 

P-KKt4 8 

P-KR4 

B-Kt2 

P x P 

QxP 

Kt-K2 

QxP 

E-Ktsq 

QxP 

QKt-B3 

Q-K2 

QB x P 

B x P 

Kt-Q5 

Q-K5 

Kt x Pch 

K-Q*q 

B-Q5 

Q-K2 

Kt x R 

B x R 

B xKt 

KtP x B 

Q-Q2 

B-Kt3 

0-0-0 + 



P-K4 


P-K4 


P-KKt4 

P-KR4 


P-KK3 
P-Q4 


B-Kt2 
P x P 


P x P 
R x R 


B x R 
Q-R5 


Q-B3 
P-K5 



P-KB4 



Q-Kt2 • 
Kt-KR3 -f 



o 

J Px. 


P 3 




P-QB3 




P-Q4 


P-Kt5 


P-Q4 


P-Q4 


P x P 


LS-K3 9 


P x P 


Kt-QB3 


B-Kt5ch 


P-Q3 


Kt-QB3 


Q-Q3 


B x P 


Kt-KB3 


Q-Kt3 


KKt-K2 


Q-K2ch 


Kt-R4 


B-K3 


P-KKt3 


P-B3 


P-Bti 


0-0-0 


B x B 


Kt-B3 — 


P xKt 


Kt-B3 — 


K x P + 





B-B4 



P-QKt4 10 

B x Pch 

K x B 

Q-R5ch 

P-ivt3 

Q-Q5ch 

K-KV2 

Q x R 

Kt-QB3 

Kt-QB3 11 

Q-R5ch 

K-Qsq 

B-R3 

P-R4 

P-Kt5 

Kt-Q5 

B-Q3 

P-Q4 

KKt-K2 + 



B x KtP ! 

Q-E5ch 

K-Bsq 

B-Kt2 

KtQB3 12 

Kt-QB3 

P-Q4 

Kt-B3 

P-Q5 

Kt-K4 

Kt-B3 , 

Kt x Kt 

Q xKt 

Kt-R4 

P-KKt4 

P x P e. p. 

K-Kt2 
B-Q3 
P-K5 
B x KP 
B x Pch 
K x 13 
Q-B5eh 
K-Q3 
Kt-K4ch 
K x P 
R-Q-qch + 



8 4 Q-R5ch is much stronger, followed bv 5 K-Bsq 5 P-KKt4, 6 Kt-QB3 6 KKt-K2, 

7 P-KKt3 7 P x P, 8 K.-Kt2 8 P-Q4! 9 RP x P 9 Q-Kt5, 10 P x P 10 Q x Q, 11 Kt x Q 

11 QKt x P, 12 B x P 12 B-B4+. 

9 If 5 B-K2, 6 QB x P 6 B x Pch, 7 P-Kt3 7 B-K2, 8 P-B3 8 P-KR4, 9 Q-Kt3 9 R-R2, 

10 R x P 10 R-Kt2, 11 R-R8+. 

10 An ingenious defense, devised by an American Amateur, Mr. Bryan, but sub- 

sequently analyzed and recommended by the Russian player Kieseritzsky. 

11 If 8 Kt-KB3 8 B-B4, 9 P-Q4 9 Kt-B3, 10 P x B 10 Q-K2, 11 0-0 11 Q x Pch, 12 K-Rsq 

12 B-R3+. 



12 



6 Kt-KB3 6Q-R4, 7 B-B4 7 Kt-KB3, 8 Kt-B3 8 B-Kt5, 9 P-Q3 9 B x Kt, 10 P x B 
10 P-Kt4, 11 R-QKtsq 11 B-B3, 12 P-KR4 12 P-KR3, 13 K-Ktsq=. 



Table LX.^ KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 



85 



P-K4 



3 
4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 



13 



P-K4 
14 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB31 

B-Kt5 13 

P-K5 

P^Q4~ 

B-Kt5cl) 

¥-m 14 — 

P x Kt 
P x B 

Q-K'ich 
B-K3 
Q x Poh 
Kt-B3 
Kt-B3 15 

QxPie 

Q x KtP 
li-QBsq 
Kt x P 
Q^B4 
Kt- B7ch 
li x Kt 

QxR 
Q-K5ch 

K-Qsq 

O-O 

P-Q3 

Q-Kt3 

QxPatB4! 

P-B3 

Q-K4 

Q x P 
R-KKtsq + 



P-B3 17 

QB3 

P-Q4 

P x P 

B-Q3 

PQ3 

B-KKt5 

Q-B2 

O-O 

B x P 

B-Kt5 

B-KKt5 

P 



P 

B x Kt 
P x B 
Q-Kt3 




B-Q3 

Q-B2 



P x B 

P x B-f 



„P-KB4 


" P x P 




15 


16 




P-KB4 


P-K5? 
P-Q4 


Q;K2 
Q-B5ch 


B-Kt3 


K-Qsq 


Kt-K5 


P xP! 


Kt-KB3 


QxPchl9 


B-KKt5 


B-K2 ! 


0-0 18 


P-Q4 20 


Kt-QB3 


Kt-KB3 


B-Pv4 


Q x BP 


P-KKt4 


Q x Q 


B x Ktch 


B xQ 


P x B 


P-Q4 


P-Q4 


B-Q3 


P-QB4 


B-Kt5oh 


P-B3 


Kt-K2 



B-B4 



B-K2 + 



Kt-B:; 
P-B3 — 
O-O-O — 



17 



18 



Kt-QB3 21 P-K5? 

Q-B5ch 

K-Bsq 



P x P 
Kt x P 



P-B3 22 

Kt-KB3 

Q-K2 

B x Kt 

K x B 

K-B2 

PTKRlT" 

li-Ksq 

K-Qsq 

P-B4 



Q-B2 
P-Q4 



P-Q4 
Kt-K5 



Q-B4 
P x P 



P x P 

Kt-Q B3 

P-KKt4~ 

Kt xP 
BQ3 
Q-Kt3 
li-Ksq 

B-Q2 + 



P-Q4 

P x P e. p. 

B x P 

Kt KB3 

Q-B3 

OO 

Kt-B3 

P-Q4 

IMvKtT 

R-Ksqch 

KKt-Ki' 

Kt-B3 

B-Q2 

Kt-Q") 

Q-Kt2 -f 



For Notes see next page. 



86 Table LX. continued.- KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 



Notes to page 85. 



13 Wormald gives as best 4 Kt-B3, 5 Kt-B3 5 B-Kt5, 6 0-0 6 P-Q3, 7 Kt-Q5 7 0-0=. 

14 If 6 KKt-Q2, 7 Kt x P 7 P-QB3, S Kt x B 8 P x B, 9 P-Q4 + . 

15 Gossip gives as best 10 P x P 10 R-KKtsq, 11 Kt-B3, and Black's game is broken 

on both wings. 

16 Gossip suggests for Black 10 0-0, 11 P x P 11 R-Ksq, 12 0-0 12 P-QR3. 

17 If 4 P-Q4, 5 Kt x P 5 B-Q3, 6 Kt x Ktch 6 Q x Kt. 7 P-Q4 7 Q-R5ch, 8 K-Bscj+. 

18 Max Lang recommended 7 P-Q3 7 B x Kt, 8 Q x B 8 Q-R5cli, 9 P-Kt3 9 P x P, 

10K-K2 10Kt-B7 + . 

19 If G Kt-QB3 6 B-K2, 7 B x Kt 7 R x B, 8 Kt-Q5 8 K-Qsq, 9 Q x P 9 R-Ksq, 

10Kt-KB3 10 Q-R4, 11 Kt x KBP=. 

20 White might also play 7 Kt-QB3, or 7 Kt-KB3, but in each ease he will be left 

with an inferior position; he may, however, equalize the game by 7 B x Kt 
7 R x B, 8 Kt-KB3 8 Q-B3, 9 Kt-B3 9 P-B3, 10 P-Q4 10 P-Q4=. 

21 If 4 P-Q3, Steinitz continues 4 Q-R5ch, 5 K-Bsq 5 P x P, 6 P x P 6 B-B4, 7 Q-B3 

7 B x Kt, S R x B, 8 Kt-KR3 9 Kt-B3 9 Kt-Kt5+. 

22 Black would do better to play 6 Kt-KB3, 7 IU-KB3 7 Q-R3, 8 Q-K2 8B-K2, 9P-Q4 

9 P-Q4, 10 Kt x Ktch 10 Q x Kt, 11 B x QP 11 P-B3, 12 B-Kt3 12 B-KKt5+. 



Table LXI.-KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 87 



P-K4 P-KB4 B-B4 K-Bsq 

1 L) W I ^ V> „ Y> O ,\ NC..1, 4 



P-K.4 * P x P " Q-K5ch 

19 20 21 22 23 24 



P-B3 Q-B3 p x p " P-QR4 

._ B-B3 PxKt + Q X R Kt-Q8 

B-B4 BxQ " B-B3 

1« P - B3 — Ex B P-K5 + 

Kt-Q2 — P-KB3 

17 B-Q3 
Qx B 

18 KtxQ + 



23 If 10 Q x P, 11 Kt-B3+. 

24 If 9 Q-Kt3, 10 Q-K2+ 

25 McDonnell's attack, though brilliant and aggressive, was always considered 

hazardous until the publication of Mr. Fraser's analyses in the Chess World. 
He was the first to establish the soundness of the sacrifice. 

26 This is Mr. Fraser's amendment to the attack. 

27 If 9 0-0, 10 P-Q3 10 Kt-B3, 11 Q-Kt3 11 Q x Qch, 12 P x Q+. 

28 IM0P-QB3, HKt-B3. If Black now plays 11 B x P, or P-Q3, or P-Q4, White 

equally rejoins with 12 Q-Kt3, remaining in each case with the superior game, 
If 11 Q-Ktoch, 12 Q x Q 12 Kt x Q, 13 P-KR3 13 Kt-KR3, 14 B x Pch 14 P-B3. 
15 B-R4 + . 

29 Black has several other moves. If he plav 7 Q-B5, 8 Kt-Q5+; if he play 7 P x P, 

8 Q x Pch 8 K-Qsq, 9 P-Q 1 !+ : and if 7 P-Q4, 8 P x KtP 8 Q-Kt5, 9 Kt x P 9 Q x Qch, 
10 Kt x Q 10 P-Kt5, 11 Kt-Kto 11 P-KR3, 12 Kt x KBP + . 



88 



SECTION II. 
KING'S KNIGHT'S GAMBIT— (PROPER). 



. P-K4 _ P-KB4 „ Kt-KB3 A B-B4 

1 TTtta & Ti . ^> O -r, T nr^, — 4 



F-K4 " P * P " P-KKt4 * B-Kt2 

This, the most ancient branch of the King's Gambit, is justly considered 
unsound. 

We first find it ably analyzed by Dr. Salvio, the Neapolitan. Numerous 
writers have bestowed infinite pains upon this variation, which leads to the 
most interesting attacks in Chess. In our own day we may mention an 
admirable article, written by the Kev. W. Wayte, and published in the 
Chess Player's Chronicle, which contains the cream of all the modern 
analyses. 

"White can now continue: — 
First 5 P-Q4 

Second 5 P-B3 

Third 5 0-0 

Fourth 5 P-KR4 ...... 



Col. 


l 




it 


2- 


- 3 


a 


4- 


-18 


a 


19- 


-24 



Table LXII.-KING'S GAMBIT. 89 



5 



8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 



l'-Kl P-KB4 ., Kt-KB3 li-III 

!'.KI L Px T 3 P-KKt4 4 B-Kt'2 

12 3 4 5 6 

P-Q4 P-B3 0-0 

l-t»:; P-Kt5 ! P-Q3 

P-B3 P-Q4 2 0-0 P- KKt3? P-Q4 

6 P-Kto! P xKt P x Kt L'-KtX" P-KR3~3 

f. QBxPl O-O Q x P Kt-K4 Kt-B3 P-KK 

' P x Kt ~ P-Qi Kt-KR3 P-BO Kt-K2 4 P-Kt5 

O-O BxQP P-Q4 P-Q4 P-KKt35 Kt-Pv4 



B-K3 P-QB:J O-O Kt-QB3 P-Kt5 P-Btj 

15 x B B-KBPch QB x P P-B3 QB x P P-B3 



P x B K x B P-Q3 Q-K2 P x Kt B-B'i 6 

Q-K13 QxP B x Kt P-Kt4 QxP Kt x P 



Kt-Q2 Kt-B3 B x B Kt-Qsq B x Pch P x Kt 

Q x Pch P-K5 B x Pcli P-Q5 K-Bsq Q x P 



Q-K2 + Pv-Bsq K-Rsq + B-B3 B-K3 -f Q-K2 

B x P Kt x P B-B4 



K-Ktsq P x Kt Kt-B3 

B-Kto Q x P Kt-Q2 



<j-Q4 P-KK4 B-Q2" 

B x Kt B-B4 P-K5 



g x g P-R5 P x P 

R x Q Kt-Q2 B x KP 



B x B ^ . Pt-K2 + B x B 

B x Pcli 



K-Qsq 7 



1 7 Q-Kt3 also results unfavorably for White. 

2 The following interesting variation occurred in a game between Mr. Burt and 

Mr. Blackburne: fi Q Kt: 1 . 6 P x Kt, 7 B x Pch 7 K-Bsq, 8 B x Kt S R x B, 9 O-O; 
and Mr. Blackburne announced mate in nine moves, commencing B-Q5ch. 

3 If 6 B-K3, 7BxB7PxB, S P-B3 S P-K4, 9 Q-IU3 9 P-Kt3, 10 Q-KGch + . 

4 If 7 Kt-QB3, 8 Kt-Qo S KKt-K'J, 9 P-B3 9 0-0+. 

5 If SK-Rsq, 8 0-0+. 

6 Black can also play 9 Q-K2, or 9 Kt-K2. 

7 Continued 17 P x B 17 Kt x P, 18 QxP IS Q-Blch, 19 R-B2 19 B-B3, 20 Q-Kt3 

20 Kt-Q6 !-. 



90 Table LXIII.— KING'S GAMBIT. 



P-K4 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 



9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 



P x P " P-KKt4 ' B-Kt2 

O-O „ P-Q4 ., P-B3 

o 



P-Q3 " P-KR3 

8 9 10 11 12 



Q-K2! Kt-K2 

P-K5 P-KKt8 Kt-Pv?» Q-Kt3 P-KKt3 



PxP P-Kto! P-K3 9 Kt-Q2 P-Kt5 ! 

Kt x KP QB x P Kt-B2 P-Kt3 P-KR4 Kt-R4 11 

B xKt P x Kt ' B-K3 P-Kt5 Kt-Kt3 P7B6 

E-Ksq Q x P B-Q3 QB x P PxP Kt x P 12 



B-K3 Kt-QB3 Kt-KB3 P x Kt PxP P x Kt 

B x B 8 Kt-Q2 P-QKt3 ExP Kt-K3 Q x P 



P x B B-Q2 QKt-Q2 KKt-B3 P-QB3 + O-O 

ExB QR-Ksq P-KR3 10 P-K5 B x Pch 



Kt-QB3 0-0-0 Kt-Kt3 PxP K-Rsq 

R-K?q P-K5 P-B4 PxP Q-R5 



O-O-O PxP Kt-R4 Kt-Kt5 Kt-Ktsq 

Q-Kt4 P x P Pv-Ksq B x Pch P-K5 



R-Ksq P-KR4 + Kt-Kt6 QxB PxP 

P-QKt3 P-QR4 P-K6 P x P 



Kt-B3 + 0-0 Q-R4 Q-K2 

R-R2 



QR-Ksq 
P-R5 



p 


xKt 


R 


x P 


KKt-B3 


P-K5 


P 


x P 


P 


xP 


Kt-Kt5 


B 


x Pch 


Q 


x B 


P-K6 


Q- 


R4 


P 


x Ktch 


B 


xP 


P-KR4 



P-KR4 


Kt-Kt3 


P xP 


PxP 


Kt-R3 



Kt-Bsq O-O-O -f 

Kt-Kt4 

P-KB3 + 



8 If 11 Q-Kt3, 11 B x B, 12 Q x B 12 B x Pch, 13 K-Bsq 13 B-K4, 14 Q-Kt5ch 

14 Kt-Q2+. 

9 If 8 Kt-QB3, 9 Q-R4 9 B-Q2. 

10 If 12 B-R3 12 P-B4, 13 P-R3 13 Kt-R4, 14 P-Q5 14 B x EP, 17 P x B 15 Kt-Kt6, 

16 R-B2 16 B x P, 17 R-Ktsq 15 P-KR4+. 

11 The Handbuch recommends 9 QB x P, giving up the Knight for a good attack. 

12 If 10 P-KR3 10 P-KR4, 11 Kt x P 11 P x Kt, 12 Q x P 12 B x P, 13 Q x Pch 13 K-Q2, 

14R-B2 14 Q-KBsq + . 



Table LXIV. KING'S GAMBIT. 91 



P-K4 ., P-KB4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 

P-lv4 "• P x P 3 P-K1U4 4 B-Kt2 

_ 6-0 . P-Q4 _ P-B3 

T, ,■>.-, 



P-Q3 " P-KR3 

13 14 15 16 17 18 



9 
10 
11 
12 
13 



Kt-Q2 B-K3 P-QB3 Kt-QB3 Kt-Kb3 17 

P-KKt8 B x B P-KKt3 Q-IU3 P-K5 

Kt-Kt3 P-Kt5 " P x B P-Kt5 " Q-K2 FxT 

B-Kt3 QB x P Q-Kt3 QB x P Kt-R3 Q-Kt3! 

B-K6 13 PTKt Q-Bsq P x Kt Kt-B3 0^0~ 

R-B2 Q x P P-KR4 Q x P B-Q3 Kt x KP 



P x P Kt-Kt3 P-Kt5 Q-B3 Kt-KR4 B-K3 

B x Pch B x Pch Kt-R2 Q-R5 B-Q2 B x B 



K-Q2 K x B P-Kt6 Q-Kt3 O-O P x B 

P x P B-Kodisch Kt-B3 Q x Q B-B2 Q x KtP 



Q-K2 Kt-B3 P-K4 P x Q P-R3 QKt-Q2 

K-R2 B x Kt P x P B x QP Q-B4 Q-B6 



B-K3 BxB PxP Kt-B3 K-Ksq Q-Ksq 



i i B x B — P-K5 Kt-E3 Kt-Q2+15 QR-Ksq Kt x Kt 

15 



Q x B -PxP Kt-K2 Q-Q-q Q x Kt 

PxP Kt-B4 P-KKt3 Q x Q 



16 



P-KP4 Q-KtB3 P-Kt5 Kt x Q 

P x B QKt x P Kt-R4 Kt-R3 



Kt-B5 Kt x Kt P-Bti P-K4 



Yl Q-B4 Kt x Kt 

18 



B-K3 ' B x Kt Kt-i33 

p.Kt3 — B x P Kt x P 



19 



Kt-Q3 — B-y3 P xKtl6 

Q-Kt5ch 
Q-Q2 14 



13 Gossip gives 9 P-Kt5, 10 Kt-R4 10 Kt-K2 + . 

14 Continued: 20 Q.RSch 20 K-Qsq, 21 QR-Qsq, 21 Q-Ksq, 22Q-B3 22 K-Bsq, 23 B x B 

23 P x B, 24 Q x P, and White has a fair game, having three Pawns for the piece. 

15 "The Handhuch " observes, although White has only two Pawns for his Knight, 

lie has by no means a bad game, as these Pawns occupy the center. 

16 Continued: 19 Pv x P 19 Kt-K2. 20 P-K5 20 Kt-Kt3, 21 P x Kt 21 B x P, 22 B x P+. 

17 If 7 Q-B3, 8 P-K5+; or if 7 B-Kt5, 8 Q-Kt3+. 



92 




Table 


LXV.— KING'S GAMBIT. 




1 


P-K4 
P-K4 


2 
5 


P-KB4 
Px P 

P-KE4 


D Kt-KB3 
3 P-KKt4 

r P-Q4 
b P-Q3 


4 


B-B4 
B-Kt2 




P-KK318 






19 


20 




21 


22 


23 


24 


7 


Kt-B3 
P-QB3! 






Q-Q3 
Kt-QB3 


P X P 


P-B3 




Kt-QB3 


? 


Px P 


P-Kt5 ! 


Kt-QB3? 


8 


P xP 
P x P 


Kt-K2 
Q-K2 




P x P 
Px P 


E x E 


Kt-Ktsq 
Q-K2 


Q-Kt?, 


B xE 


q-K-z 


9 


E x R 
B x R 


Q-Q3 
B-Q2 




E x E 
B x E 


Q-Q3 
Kt-KK3!23 


Q-K2 
Kt-KB3 


0-0 


P-Kt5 


10 


Kt-K5 
P x Kt 


B-Q2 




P-K5 
B-Kt2 22 


P-KK13 

Q-K2 


P-K5 
P xP 


QB x P 


O-O-O 




P x Kt 


11 


Q-E5 

Q-B3 


B-B3 




Kt-B3 
Kt-K3 


Kt-B3 
P-Qb3 


P x P 
Kt-E4-f 


E x P 


R-Ksq 




B x Pch 


12 


P x P 
Q-Kt2 


P-Q5 




P x P 
P xP 


P x P 
P-Kt5 24 




P x 15 


Kt-K4 




Kt x P 


13 


P-K6 
1U-B3 19 


Kt x K1 
P xKt 




Kt-Q5 


Kt-KKt5 

Ki-Q2 




Q E4ch + 


K-Bsq 




14 


P x Pch. 
K-K2 20 


0-0-0 
Kt-B3 




Kt x KtP 

Q x Kt 


P-Ko 
Kt-H3 






15 


QK2 
B-Kto 


P-R3 
Kt-Kt5 




B x P 
Q-K5ch 


B-K3 
P-Q4 






16 


Q-Q3 
QKt-<42 


B-Kt4 




P-Kt3 
Q-B8ch 


B-KtS 
Kt-B4 






Q-B3 






17 


Q-Q4 
Kt-R4 + 


B-B5 




K-Q2 
Q-Kt7ch -4- 


0-0-0 
Kt-Ktsq + 






P-Kt3 






18 




B-EOch 












K-Ktsq 


21 





18 If 5P-Kt5, G Kt-Kt5 6 Kt-KR3, 7 P-Q4 7 P-KB3, 8 B x P 8 P x Kt, 9 B x KtP 

9 B-B3, 10 B x Kt 10 B x Pch, 11 K-Q2 11 B-Ktlch, 12 K-Q3=. 

19 If 13 B x P, 14 B x B 14 Kt-B3, 15 B x Pch 15 K-K2, 16 Q-Kt6 1G Q x B + . 

20 If 14 K-Bsq? 15 B x P 15 K-K2, 16 B-Q6ch 16 K x B, 17 P-K5oh 17 K x P, 

18 P Queens 18 QxQ, 19 Q x Pch 19 K-Q5, 20 Kt-K2ch 20 K x B, 21,P-Kt3ch 
21 K-Kt5, 22 P-Pv3mate; or if 14 K-Qsq? 15Q x P 15 QKt-Q2, 16 B x P+. 

21 Continued 19 P-Q6 19 P-B3, 20 Q-QKt3 20 B-K3, 21 Q-Kt4 21 Q-Qsq, 22 P-Q7 + . 

22 If 10 K-Bsq, 11 Q-R7 11 B-Kt2, 12 Q-R5 1.2 Kt-R3, 13 Kt x P 13 B-Kt5+. 

23 Black can also play 9 Kt-QB3 or 9 K-Bsq, but neither move is so strong. 

24 Gossip gives 12 P x P, 13 Kt-KKt5 13 Kt-Q2, 14 P-K5 14 Kt-B3+. 



93 



SECTION III. 
THE SALVIO GAMBIT. 

P-K4 „ P-KB4 „ Kt-KB3 . B-B4 



1 V>_TTA - T> v T> ° l>J,'T?ti 



' P X P " P-KKt4 * P-Kt5 

Kt-K5 . K-Bsq 





" Q-K5ch 

This opening is first noticed in the work of Dr. Salvio, who did not 
originate the variation, but copied it from a Portuguese treatise. For a con- 
siderable period the opening was seldom played, the first player preferring to 
sacrifice the attacked Knight rather than compromise his game by the dis- 
placement of his King. It was revived by Herr Steinitz, who played it in 
his celebrated matches with Herr Anderssen and Herr Zukertort. 

Black has three lines of play at his command: — 

First G Kt-KB3? 

Second 6Kt-KR3! 



Third 6 P-BG! (" Mr. Cochrane's Gambit") 



Col. 


1 





2- 3 




7-12 


« 


4-6 



94 



Table LXVI.-SALVIO GAMBIT. 



6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 



P-K4 
P-K4 

1 
K-Bsq 
Kt-KB8? 
Kt-QB3 1 
Kt-B3 
P-Q4 
Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 
Kt-R4 

Q-Q5 
Kt-Kt'6eh 

K-Ktsq 
Kt x R 
Q x BPeh 
K-Qsq 

B xP 

B-B4ch 

K x Kt 

R-Bsq 

B-KKt3 

Q-R3 

Q-Q5 + 



P-KB4 
- P x P 

2 

Kt-KE3 ! 

P-Q4 

P-Q3? 

Kt-Q3 

P-B6 

P-KKt3 

Q-K2! 

Kt-B3 2 

P-QB3 3 

P-KR3 

P xP4 

B x Kt 

B x B 

QxP 

B-Kt2 

Kt-K2 

Kt-Q2 

Kt-B2 — . 

Kt-B3 — 



Kt-KB3 
P-KKt4 

3 4 



B-B4 



P-Kt5 



Q-K6ch 

K-B2 5 

Q-Kt7ch 

K-K3 

B^T~ 

Kt-B4 

B-Kt4 

B-Bsq 

Q X li 

B-Kt5ch 
P-B3 

Q x Q + 



P-B6! 6 

P-Q4 

P x Peh 

K xP 

Q-K6ch 

K-Ktsq 

Kt-KK3 

Q-Q3 

QxQ 
PxQ 
P-Q3 
B x Kt 
B x B 
Kt x BP 
B-K6eh 
K-Kt2 
It- Bsq 
R-Bsq 
B x P + 



Kt-K5 
Q-K5ch 

6 



B x Peh KtxPatBT 



K-K2 

P x P7 
P-Q3 

B x Kt 
P x Kt 
B-B4 
P xP 
0. x P 



Kt-KB3 
Kt x R 
Kt x B _ 
Q-Ksq 
P x Peh 
K x P 
Q-R6ch 
K-Ktsq 



B-R6ch+ B-B4eh + 



1 The following variation we take from the Handbuch, 6th edition, and if Black's 

replies are the best, it shows 6 Kt-KB3 to be very inferior to 6 Kt-KR3. 

2 llerr Steinitz usually plays 10 Kt-B2. 

3 10 B-K3, as played by Herr Anderssen in his match with Herr Steinitz, according 

to the Handbuch is disadvantageous for Black. 

4 11 P-KB4 results favorably for White. 

5 10 K-Ksq 10 Q-R4, 11 Kt B4 is perhaps' better play. 

6 Mr. Cochrane's Gambit. 

7 If 8 B x Kt 8 R x B, 9 P x P 9 P-Q3, 10 Kt x P 10 R x Kt, 11 P x R 11 B x P, 12 Q-Ksq 

12 Q-R6ch, 13 K-Ktsq 13 B-Kt2+ ; or if 8 P-KKto, 8 Q-KOch, 9 K-B2 9 Kt-KB3, 
10 B-Kt3 10 P-Q3+. If 8 Q-Ksq 8 P x Peh, 9 K x P 9 Q-RGch+. 



Table LXVII. SALVIO GAMBIT. 95 





P- K l 

1 P-kl 


>> 


p-E i;i 

P X P 


Kt-KB3 
3 P-KKt4 


B-B^ 


[ 




P-Kt5 




Kt-K5 
Q-K5ch 




K-Bsq 
J Kt-KR3! 


r. P-Q4 

1 P-B6! 






7 


8 




9 


10 


11 


12 


8 


B-B4 


Kt-B3 




P-KKt3 
Q-R6ch 


Q-Ksq 
Q x Qch 


P x P 
P-Q3 


B x Kt 


P x Pch 8 


P-Q3 




B x B 


9 


K xP 
P-Q3 


Kt-Q3 
PxPch 10 


K-B2 

(^-KlTch 


K x Q 

P X P 


Kt-Q3 12 
P x P 


P x P 
P-QT" 


10 


B x Kt 9 
B x B 


K x P 
B-Kt2 




K-K3 

P-KB4! 


R-Ktsq 
P-Q3 


Kt-B2 


B x P 




B- Kbch 


P xP 


11 


Kt-Q3 
Q-R6eh 


Kt-B4 
Kt-B3 




Kt-B3 11 
P-B3 


Kt-Q3 

Kt-Ktsq 


Kt x B 
Q x Ktc-h 


Q x P 13 

B-R6ch 


12 


K-B2 
B-Koeh 


B-K3 
O-O 




B-Q3 
P-Q3 


R x P 

P-K U4 + 


K-B2 


K-K2 




Q-Kt7oh 


P-KB3 


13 


K-Ksq 
P-Kt6 + 


Q-Q2 




Kt-B4 
P x P 




K-K3 


B x P 




K-Rsq -f 


Ki-Ktoch 


PxKt 


14 








QKt x P 
Kt-B4ch 




K-B4 ' 
B-R3eh 


R-Kt*q 




R-Bsq 


1o 








K-B4 
B-R3eh 




K-B5 


Q-KKt3 




Kt-Ktich 


Q-R4ch 


16 








Kt-Kt5 

O-O -f 




B x Kt 
Q-Ktomate 


K-Ksq 




B-B5 


17 














Q-B2 
P x P 


18 














R-Rsq 




Q-QKt4 


19 














B x R 



QxP + 



8 Herr Zukertort prefers 8 P-Q3, ' 9 Kt-Q3 9 P x Pch, 10 K x P 10 B-Kt2, 11 P-B3 

11 Kt-B:!, 12 B-KKt3 12 Q-K2, 13 Kt-Q2 13 O-O, 14 Q-K2 14 K-Ksq+. 

9 Gossip gives 10 Kt-Q3 10 B-Kt2, 11 Kt-B2=. 

10 The correct move at this juncture, to prevent White playing: 10 P-KKt3. In the 

match between Steinitz and Zukertort the latter played !> B-Kt2. 

11 If 11 P x P, 11 P-Q3, 12 Kt-Q3 12 Kt x Peh, 13 K-K4 13 P-B7disch, 14 K-B4 

14 B-R3cd, 15 K x f 15 Kt-K6ch, 16 K-R5 16 Q-RGmate. 

12 If B x Kt 9 P x Kt, lflBxB 10 KtP xP+: or if 9 Kt x KtP, 9 Kt x Kt, 10 P x Kt 

10 B x P, 11 Q-Q3 11 B-R6ch, 12 K-K2 12 R-Ktsq + . 

13 If 11 B x Pch 11 K-K2, 12 Q x P 12 B-Rfich, 1:1 K-K2 13 Kt-Q2, 14 R-Ktsq 14 Kt x Kt, 

1.") P x Kt 15 R-Bsq+. 11 Kt x P is also bad. 



06 



SECTION IV. 

, THE MUZIO GAMBIT. 

P-K4 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 

1 P-K4 J PxP 6 P-KKt4 4 P-Kt5 

This brilliant Gambit was first noticed in the treatise of Dr. Salvio, who 
states that "the game was sent to him by Signor Muzio, who commonly 
won it of his adversary Don Geronimo Cascio." The attack obtained by 
the bold sacrifice of the Knight was until recently considered irresistible. 

Modern analyses are all in favor of the second player. Amongst these 
we may especially mention the excellent variation of Herr Zukertort, which 
completely nullifies any remnant of attack remaining. 

After the orthodox moves, White may play : — 

First 5 Kt-B3 McDonnell's continuation Col. 1- 2 

Second 5 P-Q4 As analyzed by Koch " 3-0 

Third 5 B x Pch » o 

Fourth 5 0-0 " 7-18 / 



Table LXVIII.— MUZIO GAMBIT. 



97 



1 



P-K4 



P-K4 



P-KIH 
P x P 



Kt-K B3 

P-KKi4 



n-m 

P-Ktc 



5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 



l 

Kt-B3 1 

PxKt 

QxP 

P-Q4! 

Bj P 

P-Qu8 
BxKBPch 
K x B 
Q-R5ch 

P-Q4 

B xP 

B-B-2 

B-K5ch 

Kt-B3 

Q-Kt5ch 

B-Kto + 



B-Kt3 



B-K3 
B x B 
P x B 
Q-R5ch 

K-q-2 

P-Q4 

Q-B3 

0-0 

Q-lvt3 

Q-R6 "- 

Kt-QK3 

B^xJP 

B-Kt5 
Q-K4 



3 
F-Q4 2 
P x Kt 

QxP 
P-Q4! 

B x QP 

Kt-KB3! 

0-0 

P-B3 

BxKBPch 

lv x B 

B xP 
Q x Pch 
B-K3 
Q-K4 

B-B4 
B-B4ch 

K-Bsq 

P-K5 
I-KKt5 
F x Kt 



Kt-K2 -f Q.-K3- -j- 



P-Q3? 
0-0 
Q-B3 3 
K t-K3 
Q x Peh 
K-Ksq 

QBxP 
Q-B3 4 
Q -K3 
Q-lvto 
P-K5 
B x B 
B x B 
BHv.3 

P x P 4 



B-K3 
P-Q5 



HAl-2 
B x P 
CFK2 
P-K5 



P xP 
B x P 



Q x B 

Q x Pch 

K-Qsq 

Q x KBch 

Q-Ivsq 

P-Q6 

PxP 

Q xP 
Kt-K2 

B-B7 

Q-Bsq 
Kt-B3 -f 



6 

I! < Pch? 
K x B 
K'- KSch 
K-Ksq 

QxP 

Kt-KB3 

Q x BP 
B-Q3! 
0-0 
K-Bsq 
P-Q4 
Kt-B3 
Kt' Kt 
B x Q 
Kt x Q 
B x B 
B x B 
Kt xP 
B-Kpq 
P-Q4 
Kt-B3 
K x Kt 
Kt x P 
B-B4 + 



1 McDonnell's attack. 

2 Koch and Ghulam Kassim's attack; not so strong as u 0-0. 

3 If 7 B-R3, see column 10, page 98. 

4 If 10 Q-Kt2, 11 Kt-Kto 11 Kt-R3, 12 QB x P 12 P x B, 13 Kt x Pch+. 



98 Table LXIX.— MUZIO GAMBIT. 



P-K4 



6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 



P-K4 



QxP 



P-KB4 


Kt-KB3 
" P-KKt4 


B-B4 
4 P-Kt5 


. 0-0 


P x P 


P x Kt 


8 


9 


10 


11 12 



P-Q3 ? 5 Q-K2 B-E3 ? 

Q x P P-Q4 Q x P P-Q4 



Q-K-2 Kt-QB3 Q-B4eh P-Q3 Q-K2 Q-B3 

B x Pch Kt-B3 P-Q4 Kt-B3 QB x P P-K5 



K-Qsq Kt x P Q x Pch Q-B3 B x B Q-L.4 

Kt-B3 Q-Q3 B-K3 K-Rpq QxB Kt-B3 



Q-K4 Kt-K3 QxKB B-K3 Kt-QB3 Kt-K2 

P-Q4 Kt-Q5 Q-K5ch P-K5 B x Pch Kt-K4 



Q x Q 6 Q-B4ch Kt-K2 P x P K-Qsq QKt-B3 

B x Q K-Rsq QxE PxP P-K5 P-B3 



B-U3 l J -Kt4 QxKP QxP P-Q3 P-Kt3 

P-K5 B-Kt3 B-K6 B x B Kt-B3 P-KKt4 



B x B ii-KK'6 Kt-Kt3 QxB B-Q2 Q-Kt3 

R x B + B-Q2 Q-Kt8 + Q x KtP QR-Ksq QB x P 



Q-Bsq Q-QB3 K-Bsq 8 B x B 

Q-QB3 Q-B8ch P-K6 Q x B 



B-KKt.: K-K2 B-Ksq O-O 

Kt x Pch B x P + P-Q5 E-B3 



K-Qsq . Kt-K4 K-Ksq 

Q-E5 E x Kt Kt-B6 



Kt x Kt P x K Kt-Ktsq 

B-Kt4 Q x P B-Q3 



P-Q31 7 Kt-B3 9 Q-Kt2 10 



5 If G P-Q4, 7 B x P 7 P-QB3, 8 B x KBPch+. 

6 If 10 Q x Pch, 11 B-K3 11 Q-K4, 12 Q x Q 12 P x Q, 13 QR-Qsqch+. 

7 Continued 18 QR-Qsq 18 B-K4, 19 R x QP 19 B x R, 20 R-Qsq 20 K-TCsq, 21 B x B 

21 Kt-K2, 22 Q x Kt 22 B-Kt5, 23 R-Q5 23 R-Bsq, 24 Q-Kt7 24 B-K3, 25 Q x Pch 
25 B-Q2, 26 Q-Kt7 26 B-B3, 27 B-R4 + . 

8 If 13 Q-Bsq, 14 Q-Kt5ch 14 KKt-K2, 15 P x P 15 P x P, 16 Q-B6 16 K-B2, 17 Q x Pch + . 

9 Continued 18 B x J3 IS R x B, 19 R x Kt+. 

10 Continued 18 R-R3 IS P-KR3, 19 Kt-R5 19 Q-Kt4, 20 Q x Q 20 P x Q, 
21 Kt-B6disch + . 



Table LXX.-MUZIO GAMBIT. 99 



9 

10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 

16 
17 



l'-Kl 
1 P-K4 


., P-KB4 

- 1" x L' 


Kt-KB3 
3 P-KKil 


B-B4 
4 P-Kt5 




_ 0-0 


6 Q-B3! 






5 P x Kt 




13 


14 15 


16 


17 18 


„ P-K5 

7 7T — ^~ 






P-B3 P-Q3 



QxP Kt-B3 P-Q4 

P-Q3 11 P-Q4 B v QP 

B-R3 Kt x P + P-B3 

Kt-B3!12 B-Kt3 



Kt-K2 B-K3 

B-Q2 B x P 

Q-KtB3! P-Qu3 Kt-Q2 

QR-Ksq QR-Ksq Kt-B3 



Q-KB4I Q-B4ch? Q-B4ch O-OO 

Kt -Q5 R-K4 K -Pysq K-Rsq 

K-Qsq 0-U15 IMp O-O? ' P-Q4! 

B-B3 QB x P Kt-Q5 Kt-K4 Q-R5 



R-Ksq 13 B-Kt2 Kt-K4 Q-B4 Q-Q3 

Kt-BG Q-K2 R x Kt P-KKt4 B x QP 



R-Bsq P-Q4 P x K Q-Kt3 P x B 

P-KKt4 B x BP B-Kt4 -f P-Kto Kt x P 

Q^Kt3 Q-Kt4 — " B^Kt^ - " QKt-B3 

P-KR4 P-KR4 Kt-BGch B-B3 



P-Q4 q-Kvi K-lisq Q-Kt3 

B x P Kt x P R x Kt Q x Q 



B x P 14 Kt x Kt 16 P -Q4 17 -BP x Q 18 



11 Morphv plaved at this point, asninst Lowenthal; S B x Pch 8 K x B, 9 P-Q4 

9 Q x i'ch, 10 B-K3 10 Q-B3, 11 Q-R5ch. 

12 If 9 B-Q2 — the move generally given — the Handbuch shows Black can safely play 

9 Q x P, 10 B-B3 10 Q-Ktoch," 11 X-Rsq 11 Kt-KB3, etc. + , 

13 If 13 R-KKtsq, 14 It x Kt 1 1 Kt x R, 15 B-Bf, 15 R-Ksq, 16 P-KKtl 16 Q-Kt-1, 17 Q-K2 

17 B-Bsq, 18 P-KtO IS P-Q3, 19 Kt x KBP 19 Q-B4, 20 P-KR3 20 P-KR3=. 

14 Continued IS Q x B 18 Q x Qcll, 19 Kt x Q 19 R-KKtsq, 20 B-B3 20 P-B4, 21 B-BG 

21 K-Q2, 22 P-iJl 22 P x Kt-f-. 

15 This is the best defense; it was first given by Zukertort, in the Schachzeitung, 

1868. 

16 Continued 18 B x Kt IS B-B4, 19 QR-KBt 19 B-K3, 20 B x B 20 P x B, 21 R-K4 

21 R * Rch, 22 K x It, 22 R-Bsqch, 23 K-Ktsq 23 Kt-Q5 r . 

17 Continued IS B-Kt3 IS Q x Ktr, 19 R-KKtsq 19 Q-B4, 20 Q-Kt2 20 B x Kt, 21 R x BP 

21 R-Ksq, 22 1UB+. 

18 Continued 18 B x R 18 K-B2, 19 Kt x P, 19 B x Kt, 20 R x Bch 20 B-B4, 21 BBS 

21 KC-Q4 -=. 



100 



SECTION V. 



THE KIESERITZKY GAMBIT. 



P-K4 



P-K4 



P-KB4 
P xP 



Kt-KB3 
P-KKt4 



P-KE4 



Kt-K5 



* P-Kt5 

This beautiful variation of the King's Gambit is one of the most fashion- 
able openings of the present day, and although theoretically unsound in 
practical play, it frequently results in favor of the attacking player. 

Black has eight defenses: — 









Columns. 


First 


5 P-Q3 advocated by Kolisch 


1- 4 


Second 


5P-Q4 




1 


Third 


5 Q-to K2 ' 




5- 6 


Fourth 


5 Kt-QB3 




7- 9 


Fifth 


5 B-K2 


' Polerio 


10-12 


Sixth 


5 B-Kt2 




13-18 


Seventh 


5 Kt-KB3 


' Philidor 


19-27 


Eighth 


5 P-KPv4 


Classical Defense 


28-30 



Table LXXI.— KIESERITZKY GAMBIT. 101 



P-KB4 Kt-KB3 P-KR4 Kt-Ko 



P-K4 - P x P " P-KKt4 

12 3 



5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



15 
16 
17 



P-Q3 1 Q-K2 

Kt x KtP P-Q4 6 



P-KB4 • 13-K2 P-Q3 P-KB4 

Kt-B2 2 P-Q4' Kt x KtP B-B4 ! 



Q-K2 3 B x Pch P-KB4 Kt-KB3 

Q-R5ch Kt-B2 Kt-B2 Kt-QB3 

K-Qsq Q-Kt4 Kt-KB3 P-Q3 

P-Q4 Q-B3 B xP B-B7ch 

Kt-KB3 B-Kt6 " Kt-QB3!4 Kt x P K-Qsq 

Q-B3 Kt-B3 P-B3 5 P-Q5 Q-K5ch B x P 

Kt-KB3 B-Kt6 Kt-K4 " K-Qsq QKt-Q2 

B-Q2 — Kt-QR3 Q x P B-K2 B-QKt3 

B^2 — Kt-li3 " B x Ktch Kt-KB3 K-Ksq 

Kt-Kt5 K x B Q-B3 — Kt-B7 




B-Kt5 Q-Kt3 ~ Kt-B3 — K-KKtsq 

Q x KB! Q-Kt-5 Kt-KKt-5 

P x Q ~ Q x P E-Kt2 



14 B x Q Q-Kt7 Kt-KG + 

P x Ktch Kt-Kt5ch 



K x P K-Kt3 



Kt x KPch Q-K8ch 
K-K3 K-R3 



Kt x B " Kt-K4ch 
Kt x BPch K-R2 



K-Q2 Q-R5ch 



-« o Kt x K K-Ktsq 

1^K3 Q-Q5ch + 

iq F - m 

W P-Q4 + 



1 If 5 P-Q4, G P-Q4 6 P-Bfi, 7 KtP x P 7 B-K2, 8 B-K3 8 B x Pch, 9 K-Q2 9 B-B3+. 

2 7 P x P gives the advantage to Black. 

3 7 Kt-KB3, 8 P-Ql 8 P x P, 9 B x P 9 B-K3, 10 P-B4 10 P-Q4=. 

4' This move is given as best by Rosenthal. We take the following variations from 
"German Handbuch," Cth Edition. 

5 If 10 Q x P 10 B x Ktch, 11 K x B 11 Q x Qch, 12 B x Q 12 Kt x P+, or if 10 B x P, 

10 Kt x P + . 

6 6 Kt x KtP, as played by Mr. Blackburne against Herr Rosenthal at the Vienna 

Tourney, is favorable for Black; the correct reply is 6 P-KB1, etc. 



102 Table LXXII.— KEESERITZKY GAMBIT. 



P-KB4 Kt-KBH P-KR4 Kt-K5 



P-K4 PxP P-KKU * P-Kt5 

7 8 9 10 11 12 



Kt-QB3 7 B-K2 9 

Kt x KtP 8 KtxKt KtxKtP? Q x P? B-B4 

P-Q4 QP x Kt P-Q4 ~ P^Q3 B x Pch 

P x P P-Q4 P x P Q-Kt7 K-Bsq 



Q-K2eh Kt-B3 B x Pch B x Pch P-Q4 

B-K2 E x P Kt-B2 K-Qsq B x P 



Kt-Q5 Kt x P B x Ktch P x Kt Kt-KE8 

Kt-B2 B-Q8 K x B QxE P-Q4 



9 
10 

Kt x KBPch Kt x Kt O-O ~ Kt-b3 B x Beh B x P 

^ ey K-Bsq P-Q3 P-B3 B x P P x B K-Kt2 

Kt-Q5 _ Kt-K6 ITB4 B-Kt5 + Q-Kt7 P-B3 

P-Q3 B x Kt Q-B2 Q x KPch B x B 



Kt-KB3 Kt-Q3 Q x P B-Kt5ch B-Kt4 

Kt-B3 Kt-B3 P-Q4 B-K2 P-KKt3 

P-E6 ~ B-Kt5 B-Kt2 Kt-QB3 Q-Kt4 Q-B3 11 

P x P Kt x B Kt-K2 P-B3 B-B3 10 P x P 



13 



B-B4 Q x B B x B K-Bsq Q x B 



-i. B-Kt5 Q-Q2 _ Q x B Q-QB5ch P-Bsq 

iq: 04MJ _ Q-Kt6ch R-Ksq + Kt-K2 -4- Q-Kt4 

-j p- Q-Q2 K-Bsq B x Pch 

P^Kiq Pv-KKtsq Kt x B 

-j ^ JB-Ksq -f _ K-KKtsq Kt x Kt 

B-E3 + Q-K4 

17 



Kt x K 
Q-Rtich 



|^g K-Ktsq 

Q-Kt6ch 



7 Called "Herr Neumann's Defense," considered unsatisfactory. 

8 IffiP-Q4? C KtxKt, 7PxKt 7 P-Q3, SBxP 8 B-Kt2, 9 B-B4 9 Q-K2, 10 Kt-B3 

10 P x P + . 

9 A move noticed by Polerio and Salvio, but it is not to be recommended. 

10 11 Kt-B3 or 11 R x B results unfavorably for White. 

11 If 10 P x P, 11 R x Kt 11 B x R, 12 B x Pch 12 K-K2, 13 B x B+. 



Table LXXIII.— KIESERITZKY GAMBIT. 103 

P-K4 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 P-KR4 Kt-Ko 

1 P-K4 L FTP ° P-KKt4 4 P-Kt". ° 



9 
10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
11 



13 14 15 16 17 18 



B-KfJ 12 
P-Q4 13 
Kt-KB3 
B-B4 14 



P-Q4 ! 
P x P 



O-O 

BxP? Kt-QB3? O-O! 



Kt x P P-B4 P-B4 

B x Kt PxPc.p.17 P-B3 18 



Q x B " Kt x l J P x P 

0-0 Kt x Kt P x P 



Kt-B3 15 P x Kt Kt x P 

P-B3 16 QP, x T B x Kt? Kt-QB3! 



Kt x Kt R-Ksq ch QxB Kt x Kt Kt-Kt3 

P x Kt K-B2 Kt-QB319 P x Kt B-Kt3 

QTku Kt-K5ch Q-Qsq B x Kt20 P-Btt Q x RP 

Q-Q2 Kt x Kt Kt x KtP P x B B-Kt5 B x P 

BTP B x Pch B x Pch Q x Q21 B-B3 " B-R3 

B x B K-Kt3 Kt-B2 R x Q Kt-K4 B x BP 

Q7B R x Kt + Kt-B3 B-K3 B x B ~ B x B 

Kt-B3 Q-B5 R-Q4 Kt x B B x B 

B-K3 + Kt-K4 KuB3 P-KK3 "QxU 

BxP RxP QKtxPatBT Kt x R 

B-Kt5 + Kt x P Q x BP " Q-Bsq 

B x B Kt-KtG Kt-Qfid.c. 



P x B Q-B3 

R-K4 Kt x -B 



R-B4 K x KKt 

B-B4 P x P -f 

Kt-Kt3 
B-Kt3 + 




22 



.2 Herr Paulsen's defense. 

,.3 If 6 Kt x KtP 6 P-Q4, 7 Q-B3 7 Q-K2, 8 B-K2 8 P x P + . 
4 If 7 Kt-QB3 7 P-Q3+. 

t 5 Zukertort played against Steinitz 11 P-QB1, 12 P-B3 12 P x P, 13 Kt x KtP 
13 Q-K3, 14 Kt-B2 14 Q QKt3, 15 P-B4 15 B-K3, 16 Kt-Q2 16 Kt-Q2+. 

16 If 12 Kt x Kt, 12 P x Kt, 13 B-K3 13 P-QB4 + . 

17 If 10 B x P 10 Kt-R4, 11 P-KK13 11 P x P, 12 Q x QP 12 Kt-QB3, 13 Kt x Kt 

13 P x Kt, 14 Q-Q2 14 R-Ksqeh+. 

18 If 10 P x P en pas 10 Kt x P, 11 Kt x Kt 11 P x Kt, 12 QB x P 12 Kt-R4+. 

19 If 13 15 x P, 13 Kt-B3, or R-Qsq + . 

20 If 13 Q x RP, 14 R x P 14 B-R3, 15 R x BP 15 B x B, 16 R-B4disch 16 K-Kt2, 17 Q x B 

17 Q-K2, 18 R x R 18 K x R, 19 Q-R6ch 1!) K-Ksq. 20 R-KBsq+. 

21 If 14 Q x P, I.") R x P 15 Kt-B3, 16 B-R3 16 R-Qsq, 17 B x Pch 17 K-Rsq, 18 B-QG 

18 Q-KM, 19 P-K6 19 Q x R, 20 B x Q 20 R x Qch, 21 R x R + . 

22 White regains his Pawn with a slight advantage in position. 



104 Table LXXIV— KIESERITSKY GAMBIT. 



P-K4 F-KB4 Kt-KB3 P-KR4 Kt-Ko 

1 PT£4 ■" P x P ' 6 P-KKt4 4 P-Kt5 5 



10 
11 

12 
13 



16 
17 



20 21 22 23 24 



Kt-KB3 
B-B4 



Q-K2 P-Q4 

P-Q4 P x P 



P-Q3 B-Q3 24 

B x Pch P-Q4 



K-Qsq Kt-li4 

B-Kt3 O-O! B-KtSch Kt-QB3 K-B2 Q-Q3 



Pxit Q x P 25 P-B3! Q-K2 26 Kt-Kt6 P-KB3 

P x Pdisch Q-Ksq P x P B-Kt5ch R-Ksq B-Kt5ch 



B-Q2 QxQ P x P P-B3 QxP K-Bsq 

P x Kt KxQ - Kt x QBP P x P Kt-KB3dc Kt-B4 



Q x Pch 0-0 — Kt x Kt P x P Kt-K5ch Kt-Kt6 -f 

K-Bsq ! ■ B x Ktch Kt-Q5 K-Ktsq 

B-Q3 K^B^ Q-K3 ~ Q-B7ch 

Kt-B3 B x K Kt-B7ch K-Rsq 



Q-B4 Kt-Kt6 B x Kt P-KB4 



-t a Q-Q5 23 
15 



K-B2 B-B4 Q-Q5 



QxKBP Ktx'llch Q-K2 K-Qsq 

Kt-K4 Q x Kt B x Pch QxQ 



Q-K2 P-Ktbeh Q x B Kt x Qch 

Kt x B K-Ksq Kt x Q K-Ktsq 



P x Kt Q-K2eh+ K x Kt+27 P x Kt 

B x P K x Kt 

li-Bsq 



P xP 



IS Q-Q' 2 + KxF 

XO ' . K-Ktsqch + 



23 If 14P-B7, 14R-Bsq. 

24 7 B-Kt2, lending to a position similar to that in Herr Paulsen's defense, is con- 

sidered the best move here. See Cols. 13 to 18. 

25 Instead of this capture, Black may play 9 P-B6, a defense adopted by Steinitz in 

the Vienna Tournament. The game was continued 10 B-Ktoch 10 P-QB3, 
11 Q-Ksq 11 0-0 + . 

26 If 9 00, 10 Kt-K2 10 Q-K2 + . 

27 Mr. Gossip considers White to have the best game, and thinks Black would do 

better at move 12 to plav 12 Q-Qsq, continuing 13 Kt x QBP 13 Kt x Kt, 
14 B x Ktch 11 B-Q2! lo B x'li 15 Q x B, 16 Q-K2ch 10 K-Bsq+. 



Table LXXV.-KIESERITZKY GAMBIT. 105 



P-K4 P Klil Kt-KB3 P-KR4 Kt-K-J 

1 KK4~~ '~ P x P P-KKU 4 P-Kto ° 



5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 



25 26 27 28 29 30 



Kt-KB3 P-KK4 29 

KtxKtP? B-B4 



Kt x P! Kt-KK3 K-E2 

P-Q3 P-Q4 P-Q4 



Kt-Kto P-Q3 P-Q3 

B x P Kt-Q8 Kt x BP Kt-Q3 



KtxK! QK2eh? P-B6 K x Kt P-B6 

Q-K2cli B-Kt5 B-K2 P x P 30 B x Kch P x P 



Q-K2 B-K2 28 Q-Kt5ch B-K2 K x B B-K2 

Kt-B6ch - Q-K2 Q-Q2 B-K3 ! 31 B x P B-K3 



K-Q^q P-KR4! Q x Qch B x Pch B-113 B x Pch 

B x Pch Kt-B6ch Kt x Q K-Q2 0-0 K-Q2 



K x B K-Bsq KtxK P x P 32 K-Kt2 34 P x P 

Kt-Q5ch Q-K5 Kt-B6ch Q x P P-KKt3 Q x P 



K-Qsq Kt-B3! K-Qsq B-Kt5 li x H B-Kt5 

Kt x Q KtxQPch Kt-Q5 Q-B4I33 ExB Q-B4 



B-Kt5 


Q K2eh ? 
B-K2 


B-K2 28 


Q-Kt5ch 


Q-K2 
P-KR4! 


Q-Q2 
Q x Qch 


Kt-B6ch 
K-Bsq 


Kt x Q 
Kt x K 


Q-K5 


Kt-B6ch 


Kt-B3! 


K-Qsq 


KtxQPch 
K-Ktsq -4- 


Kt-Q5 
B-K2 




O-O-O 




Kt-U7 




E-Bsq 
B x P 




B x Pch 
K-Ksq 




B-QG 
Kt-K3 




P-Q4 + 



B x Kt K-Ktsq + B-K2 Kt-B3 B-K3 -f Kt-Q2 

Q-Kt,4 O-O-O Kt-B3 Kt-B3 



P-Q3 Kt-B7 Kt x P Kt-Kt3 

Q-KB4 Pv-Bsq B x Kt B-Kt3 

ll-Ktsq B x P " JJ-Kt4 K-Kt2 

Q x BP B x Pch B x Ii P-K5 



K-Bsq K-Ksq B x Qch B-Kt4 - 

Q x P B-QG Kt x B 

Kt-Ktti Kt-K3 " Q-Kt4 

B-K2 P-Q4 + QKt-Q5 
B-B4 + 



28 If 9 P-KB3, 10 Ktx Pch, followed by 11 Q-K2, with a good game. 

29 The Classical defense ; at one time it was greatly in vogue, but of late years has 

been tacitly abandoned as allowing the first player too much time for de- 
velopment of his game. 

30 If 9P-KKt3 9P-Q4, lOPxP 10 Kt-B4, 11 K-B'2 11 Kt x QP, 12 B-KKt5+. If, in- 

stead of 11 Kt x QP, Black play 11 B-K'2 White's best rejoinder 13 12 Kt-K.~>. 

31 If 10B-KKto 10 B x B, 11 P x B 11 Q x P, 12 Q-Q2 12 Q x Qch, 13 Kt x Q 13 Kt-Ktsq, 

11 R-R4=. Or if 10 B-Bl 10 B x Pch, 11 K-Q2 11 P x P, 12 Q x P 12 B-Kto, 
13 Q-K3+. 

32 If 11 Kt-B3, 12 Kt-B3 12 P x P, 13 Q x P 13 B-Kt5, 1 } Q-B4 14 Kt x P, 15 B x Kt 

15 B-IU4, 16BxR 16 B x Qch, 17 Kt x B 17 Q-Kt4, 18 Kt-Q5 + . 

33 If 13 Q-Bsq? 13 B-Ktl, 14 Kt-B4 14 Kt-B3, 15 Kt-B3 15 Kt-R4 + . 

34 If UBxB? 12RxBch 12 K-Kt2. 13 Kt-B3 33 B-K3, 14 Q-Q2 14 Kt-KB3, 

15 QR-KBsq 15 QKt-Q2, 16 R x Kt 10 Kt, x R, 37 Q-Kt5ch+. 



106 



SECTION VI. 

THE ALLGAIER GAMBIT. 

P-K4 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 F-KR4 Kt-Kt5 

1 P-K4T" * P x P P-KKt4 4 P^Kt5 5 

This Opening was considered by Allgaier invincible, but modern 

authors present satisfatory defenses to the various lines of attack. 

A new form of the attack has been introduced by Mr. Thorold, which has 

revived this, nearly obsolete, opening. 

/ 
Black's only safe defense is 5 P-KR3. 

After 6 Kt x P 6 K x Kt, White has threo continuations: — 

First 7 P-Q4. 

Second 7 B-B4ch. 

Third 7 Q x P. 



Table LXXVI.-ALLGAIER GAMBIT. 107 



1 ,,",-, 



I'-K t 


P-KB4 

* Px P 




Kt-KB3 




P-KR4 
4 P-Kt:, 


P-K4 


3 P-KKt4 




K Kt-Kt") 
P-KK3 




KtxP 
D K x Kt 






1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


( 


P-Q4 1 














Q-Q3 + 



1 Mr. Thorolds's attack. 

2 If 8 B-Kt2, 9 Kt-B3 9 P x P, 10 B-B4ch, 10 K-Kt3, 11 Kt-Q5. 

3 If 10 Kt-B3 10 Kt-KB3, 11 Q-Q2 11 B-Q3+. 

4 Mr. Freeborough's variation. 

5 Mr. Potter's defense. 

6 If 13 B-K3 13 Kt-QR1 + . 

7 If 9 Kt x P, 10 0-0, the position is that of column 7 after White's 12th move. 

8 This variation is from the Handbucli. If 9 B-K3, 9B» Pch, 10 K-Q2 10 P-Q3+. 



108 



Table LXXVII.— ALLGAIER GAMBIT. 



I-K4 



P-K4 



P-EB4 

P^T - 

8 



Kt-KB3 



P-KR4 



P-KKt4 ' P-Kt5 

9 10 11 



Kt-Kt5 



12 



6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 



P-KR3 

Kt x P 
K x Kt 
P-Q4 
P-B6 
B-KB4 1 
P-B7ch 

K x P 
P-Q4 
B-K2 
Kt-KB 3 
B-Bsq 
Kt x Pch 
K-Ktsq ' 8 
K-Ksq 
B x KtP 
B x B 
Q x B 
Q-Q2 
Q-Kt6ch + 



B-B4ch 2 

P-Q4 

B x Pch 

K-Kt2 

P-Q4 

Q-B3 

Q-Q3 3 

Kt-K2 

Kt-B3 

QKt-B3 

P-K5 

Q-Kt3 

B-K4 

B-B4 

B x P 

B xB 
Q x B 

Q x Q 
Kt x Q 
, P-Q5 

Kt-Kt5 + 



B x P 



P-B6 4 

B x B 

QxB 

P xP 

B-Q3 

ll-Ktsq 

P-Kt6 

P-Q4 

Q-K6 

Q-K2 

Kt-QB3 

B-K3 

KKt-K2 

Kt-B3 

Kt-Kto 

P-K5 + 



QxP 



Kt-KB 3 
Q x BP 
B-Q3 5 
B-B4eh 
K-Kt2 
Q-B5 
B-Kt6ch 
K-Bsq 
K-Bsq + 



P-KK4 

B-B4 

Kt-KK3 

F-Q4 

P-KB3 

B x P 

P xKt 

P x P 

Kt-B2 

P-Kt6 

Kt-Q3 

B x Kt 

P x B 

B-B7ch 

K-K2 

0-0 



P-Q4 
P x P 



Q-E4 
B-Q5 



K-Ksq 

Q-Bsq 

K-Qsq 

Q-Kt5ch 

B-K2 

PKt7 + 



Qx P 

Kt-QB3 

Q-K4cli 

Q-K2 

P-KB3 

Q x Qch 

P xQ 

B-B4 

Kt-KK3 

P-Q4 

P x P 

Kt-Kt5 

Kt-R3 

B x P 

B-Kt5ch 

P-B3 

P x P 

P x P 

B-K4 

0-0-0 + 



1 Mr. Freeborough's variation. If 8 B-K2, 9 B-Kt 3. If 8 P-Q4, 9 Q-Q2 9 B-K3 

10 B-K5 10 Kt-KB3, 11 Q-Bl, &c. 

2 Prince Ouroussoff' s attack. 

3 If 10 0-0, 10 P-B6, 11 P x P 11 P-Kt6, played by Herr Zukertort against Herr 

Steinitz. 



Introduced by Herr Zukertort. 
Introduced by Herr Horny. 



109 



SECTION VII. 



THE CUNNINGHAM GAMBIT. 



P-K4 o F-KB4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 



P-K4 - P x P J3-K2 ^ B-lt5ch 

This lively counter attack is found in Cozio; it was subsequently analyzed 
by Stamina, Philidor and Allgaier, but the credit of bringing it into vogue 
is due to Mr. Cunningham, the historian, a player of considerable eminence, 
toward the end of last century. It is highly ingenious, and productive of 
many brilliant maneuvers; at the same time, it is not considered a trust- 
worthy defense. 

White has now the choice of two moves: — 

Columns. 
First 5K-Bsq! 1- G 

Second 5 P-KKt3? 7-12 



110 Table LXXVIII— CUNNINGHAM GAMBIT. 

P-K4 9 P-KB4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 

P-K4 J PxP 6 B-K2 4 B-R5ch 

12 3 4 5 6 



5 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 



14 
15 



K-Bsq 



Kt-KKS P-Q3 P-Q4 B-B3 2 

P-Q4 P-Q4 B xP P-K5 

Kt-Kt5 B-Kt5 ~ Q-B3 Kt-KB8 B-K2 

Q.K2 QB x P P-K5 Kt-B3 P-Q4 



Kt-B7 Q-B3 P x P O-O P^Q4 

Kt x B B-K3 P x P P-Q4 B-K2 

Kt x K Kt-K2 Q-K2 pTU5 " Kt x B P-KKt4 3 

Kt-KB3 QKt-Q2 QB x P B-Kt3 P x Kt P-KPv4 

Ki-Kttich P-KK3 B-Kt5 ' B-Kt5 ~ B-Kt4 " P-Kt5 

P x Kt P-KR3 Kt-B3 QB x P P-KR4 Kt-R2 

PxP BxKt P-QB3 Kt-K4 " B-K3 ' P-B6 

B-B4+ Kt x B Kt-K4 + Q-Q2 1 Q-Q3 P x P 

Kt-Q2 " B x Kt P-KB4 P-Kt6 

K-Kts'q p x B Q-B4 Kt-Kt4 



B-KtG K-Ksq ~ K-Ksq " B x P 

-jg Q-Q2 + R-KKtsq + Kt-K2 -f Kt-B3 



P-QB3 
K-Kt2 
P-K R4 
Kt-K3 
B-Kt4 4 



1 From a match game between Messrs. Wisker and Bird. Mr. Bird is very partial 

to the Cunningham Gambit, and plays it usually with uncommon ability. 

2 If 5 B-Kt4, 6 P-Q4 6 P-Q3, 7 Kt x B 7 Q x Kt, S Q-B3+. 

3 Wormald recommends 8 P-QB4, 9 P-B3 9 Q-Kt3 =. 

4 Continued 16 P-B4 16 B x P, 17 B x P 17 Kt-KR3, 18 Q-B3+. 



Table LXXIX.— CUNNINGHAM GAMBIT. 



Ill 



P-K4 



i'-Ki 



P-K B4 
P x P 






B-B4 



B-li5ch 



P-KKt 




5 The best move, in the opinion of the Handbuch. 

6 IE 8 P x P, 8 B-B3! 9 Kt-Ko 9 B x Kt, 10 R-Ksq 10 Kt-K2, 11 R x B 11 0-0+. 

7 If 11 P-Q3 11 K-Ktsq, 12 B-Kt5 12 P-KR3+ ; and if 11 P-K5, 11 Q-Qlch, 

12 Kt-KB3 12 Kt-U4, 13 P-Bl 13 Q-B3+. 

8 If 9 Kt x B, 9 Kt x B. 10 P x Kt 10 Q x Kt, 11 Q-K2ch 11 K-Qsq, 12 Q * P 12 Q x Qch, 

13 KxQ 13 P-KB3+. 

9 lfOKtxBdch, 9 IU-KB3, 10 P-Q4 10 R-Bsq, 11 B-Kt5 11 K-Ktsq, 12 IU-QB8 

12 P-KR3+. 

10 If 0K-K2, 10Q-R5 10 P x Kt, 11 Q x Peh 11 K-Q2, 12 Q-Q5ch 12 K-K2, 13 Q-B7ch 

13 K-Q3=. 

11 And White draws by perpetual check. 

12 If 8 O-O, 9 B x Kt+. 



112 



SECTION VIII. 
GAMBIT DECLINED. 

P-K4 P-KB4 

1 P-K4 2 ~ 

It is generally advisable for the second player to accept the gambit. 
Such games are more entertaining, the combinations being more critical, 
and they are usually more instructive than the refused gambits. 

When the second player wishes to decline the Pawn, he can do so with 

perfect safety, viz : — 

Columns 
First 2 P-Q4 1- 

Second 2 P-Q3 7 

Third 2 B-B4 ...... 8-11 

Fourth 2 Kt-KB3 12 



Table LXXX.— GAMBIT DECLINED. 



113 



11 
12 

13 



P-K4 
P-KB4 




1 
. P-K4 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 

9 B-K3 

io Q ^- 



Q-K3 

Kt-B3 

P-K5 3 

Kt-K5 

Kt^KK3~ 

B-B4 

Q-K2 

B-Kt3 

F-KJJ3 

Kt-B4 



Px P 



Q x Pch 

B-K2 

B4p 

Kt-B3 

^K2 

P-Q4 

B-K3 

0-0 + 



P x P 

Kt-KB34 

Q x P 5 

P-Q4 

P-KKt4 

Kt-B3 

B-QKt5 

K-B2 

B x Kt 

P x B 

1U-K2 - 

B-Q3 — 



B-Kt5ch 

B-Q2 

Q-K2ch 
^K2 
Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 
B x Bch 
QKt x B 
P-Q4 
O-O-O 
Q x Q 
B xQ 
B x P — 
Kt-Kt3 — 



P-K5 

Kt-QB3 

Kt-KB3 

Q-K2 

B-^3 

P-Q3 

B-KKt56 

Q-K3 

(M3 

P x P 

B-Kt5 

B-K2 

tt-Ksq 

P-K5 

QxP 

B x B 

Kt x B 

'Q-Q2 
Q-B3 

Kt-B3 — 
Kt-Q2 — 



B-Kt5ch 

P433 

P x P 

Kt x P 

B x Ktch 

P x B 

P-Q4 

B-K3 

Kt-QB3 

B-Kt5 

KKt-K2 

Kt-B3 

0-0 

0-0 

P-QPv3 



Kt 
B 



P-B4 + 



1 Most of tlic English authors preferthis move, but the " Efandbuch " gives 2 B 111 

as the bust way of refusing the gambit. 

2 Kt-KB3 is sometimes played here. 

3 If", PxPeh, G K-T52 <*, P. Q2, 7 P-Q4, V B-Q::, 8 B-Q3 S Kt-K'2, 9 Kt-K4 9P-KB3, 

10 R-Ksq 10 Q-B2, 11 Kt x Beh 11 i J x Kt, 12 QB x P+. 

4 This brings about a position when the gambit is accepted. 

5 If 4 B-Q3, 5 P-Q4 5 P-KKtl, P-B4 G P-Kt3, 7 B-Q3=. 

6 If r, 0-0, 7 P x P 7 Kt x P, 8 Kt x Kt 8 R-Ksq, 9 Q-B3, 9 P- KB4, ami though White 

has a Pawn ahead we prefer Black's game. 



114 Table LXXXI— GAMBIT DECLINED. 

7 8 9 10 11 12 

P-K4 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



P-K4 

P-KB4 

P-Q3 ■'. B-B4! 

Kt-KB3 Kt-KB3 7 



B-Kt5 P-Q3 

B-B4 B-B4! P-B3 



Kt-QB8 Kt-QB3 8 Kt-KB3 B-KKto 
P-B3 P-B3 P-Q3 P-Q4 



B x Kt Kt-B3 B KKt5 P x QP 

Q x B P-Q4 9 P-B3 P x P 



Kt-B3 P x Qf Kt-B3 B x Kt 

P-Q3 P x P Q K2 KtP x B 



Kt-QR4 B-lvt3 Q-K2 Q-K5ch 

B-Kl5ch 0-0 B-K3 ' K-K2 



P-B3 O-O B x B B-KtS 

B-Pv4 Kt-B3 Q x B B-K3 



P-QKt4 B-Kt5 P x P Kt-KB3 

B-B2 B-K3 Q x BP Kt-B3 — 

B-K2 " K-Ksq ~ B x Kt Kt-h>3 — 

P-Q4 + Q-Q3 Q x B — 

Kt-Kt5 — 

0-02 



KKt x P 
Kt x Kt 
K x Kt + 





Kt-KB3 




P x P 




Kt xP 




Kt-KB3 




P-Q4 


B-B4 10 


P-Q3 


IU-QB3 


Kt-B4 


P-Kt4 


P-Q4 


B-Kt3 


Kt-K5 


P-QK4 


P-B4 


P.QK3 J r 


P-QB3 




Q-Kt3 + 



7 If 3 Kt-QB3. See Vienna Opening. 

8 If 4 B-KKt5, 5PxP5PxP, 6Bx Pch+. 

9 If 6 P-Q3, 6 0-0=. 
10 If 5 B-K2, 5 Kt-QB3+, and Mr. Steinitz points out that Black speedily gets the 



better game. 



115 



BOOK IV. 



MISCELLANEOUS OPENINGS. 

THREE OPENINGS ONLY COME UNDER THIS CLASSIFI- 
CATION. 
First— 1 P-K4 1 P-K4, 2 P-Q4 2 P x P.— Table 82.— The Center Gambit. 

The positions arising from this line of play are similar, and often identical 
with the Scotch Gambit, which should be studied in connection with this 
game. 

The only nominal variation is — 3 P-QB3. — Table 83. — The Danish 
Gambit. 

It has received a searching analysis by Von der Lasa, the Prussian Am- 
bassador at Copenhagen; hence it is called the Danish Game. 

Second— 1 P-K4 1 P-K4, 2 Kt-QB3.— Tables 84 and 85.— The Vienna 
Opening, or Queen's Knight's game. 

This excellent Opening was brought prominently into notice by Austrian 
players. Herr Hampe, of Vienna, has greatly favored its adoption and 
analysis. It is sometimes called Hampe's Opening, and was frequently 
played in the Vienna Tournament, J873. 

The Three and Pour Knights' game should be studied in connection with 
this Opening. 

Third— 1 P-K4 1 P-K4, 2 P-QB3.— The Queen's Bishop's Pawn's Open- 
ing. Seldom, if ever, played in our day. We do not present any 
analysis. 



116 



Table LXXXII.- CENTER GAMBIT. 



1 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 



l 

P-K4 



P-K4 
P-Q4 



P x P 
B-QB4 
Kt-KB3 ! 

Q xPl 
Kt-B3 

Q-K3 

B-Kt5ch 

P-B3 

B-Ri 

Kt-B3 

B-Kt3 

Q-B4 

O-O 

O-O 

P-Q3 

3-K3 
Kt-KR4 

Q-Kt5 — 



B-Kt5ch 
P-B3 
P xP 

PxP 2 

Q-B3! 

Q-Kt3 ! 3 
B-B4 
Kt-B3 
P-Q3 
0-0 
Kt-B3 
Kt-K3 — 
B-Kt3 — 



B-B4 
B x Pch 
X x B 

Q-K5ch 
P-Kt3 

Q x B 

P-Q4 

Q x PonQ4 

Kt-KB3 

B-Kt5 
K-Ksq 

B x Kt 4 
Q x B 
Q x Qch 
K xQ 
Kt-Q2 
P 



P5 



Kt-KB3 

B-Kt5ch 6 

B-Q2 

Q-K2 

B-Q3 

Kt-QB3 

0-0 

B x B 

QKt x B 
P-Q3 
B-Kt5 
B-Q2 
B x Kt 
BxB 
Kt xP 
Kt-K3 

Q-R5 — 
O-O — 



Kt-KB3 

P-K5 

Kt-K5 

Q-K2 

B-Kt5ch 

K-Qsq 

P-Q4 

P x Pen p. 

P-KB4 

Px P 

Qx P 

Kt x P + 



QxP 



Kt-QB3 

Q-K3 

B-Kt5ch 

P-QB3 

B-K4 

Q-Kt3 

Q^B3 

B-KKt5 

Q-Kt3 

B-Q3 

P-K113 

B-KB4 

y x Q 

B x Q - 



P-Q3 



If 4 P-K5, see KB opening, Table 54, Column 7. 

1\ x Pch is unsound. 

White may obtain a strong attack by 6 P x B 6 Q x R, 7 Q-Kt3 7 Q-BS, 8 Kt-QB3 
8 Kt-K'2, 9 KKt-K2, though his advantage in position does not compensate for 
the loss of the exchange. 

In a game, Coker v. Macdonnell, 9 P-K5, to which the reply was 9 Kt-B3, with 
the better game. 

Mr. Wayte says, 12 O-O-O ! the attack oil the isolated P by Kt-K2 and Kt3 and 
R-Ksq, should yield a drawn game. 

3 P-Q3 resolves the game into Philidor's defense, and 3 Kt-QB3 into a Scotch 
gambit. 



Table LXXXIII.— THE DANISH GAMBIT. 117 



1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


P-K4 

1 r-ki 






















.> P-Q4 

J I'TF" 












P-QB3 
d PxP 












P-Q4 5 


. B-QB4 

* Kt-KB3! 










KPx P' 


P x P? 


QxP 


r P-K5? 


Kt x P! 


B x KtP 






P xP 


P-Q4 


B-Kt5 


Kt-KB3 






P-QB4 


,, Kt x P 

b pTir 


KKt-K2 2 
O-O 


Kt-QB3! 
B-Kt5 


P-K5? 
B-Kt5ch 




Kt-QB3 
QxQP 


tj Q x Qc-h 
' K X Q 


P-K5 


KKt-K2 


K-Bsq 


Kt-QB3 


Q x Q 


P-Q4 3 + 


Kt x P 


P-Q4 


Q-K2 


P x Q 


Q P x Kt 




0-0 

Kt x Kt 


P x Kt 4 
P x B 


KKt-K2 
Kt-K5 


Kt-Kt5 — 
Kt-QK3 — 


O B-B4 
B-KB4 




Kt x Kt 
B x Kt 


Q lUch 
Kt-B3 


0-0 




Kt x Kt 




..« 0-0-Och 
B^Q6l j 




B x B 

Q-Kt4 


PxP 


Kt x Kt 
B x Kt 




E-KKtsq 




11 




Pt-Ksqch + 


Kt()i;:; 
B x Kt + 


B x B 
O-O + 





1 From a game Lindehn v. Mackenzie. 

2 If 6 B x Pch, GK x B, 7 Q-Kt3ch V P-Q4, 8 Q x B 8 Kt x I> | . 

3 If 7 IO-K5? 8 0-0 ,8 Kt x Kt, 9 P k Kt 9 B-B4, 10 Kt-Kt3 LO k't-B::, 11 Q-R5 11 P-Q3, 

12 B-KKt5+. Mr. Gossip says, if LO P-Q3, orlOQ-R5, " we fail to see any ad- 
vantage for White." 

4 S Q-R4ch and B-Kt5ch, also result unfavorably for White. We have no space for 

the variation : see "Synopsis," second edition, page 49. 

5 Danish Gambit Declined. This simple method of avoiding complication equal- 

izes the fianie. 



118 



Table LXXXIV.— VIENNA OPENING. 



1 


2 


3 


4 




5 


6 


1 P-K4 
*- P-K4 














Kt-QR3 
* Kt-QB3 














Q P-KKt31 
^ B-B4 2 

. B-Kt2 
4 P-QR3 


P-B4 


P-KKt4 


P-Q4 

Q-R5ch 






Kt-B3 


P x P 
Kt-B3 


(See Tables 
48-51.) 


B-K2 




- P-Q3 
^ P-Q3 


B-B4 


B-B4 3 

B-Kt2 


K-K2 4 
P-QKt3 








B-R5ch 


P-Q4 


ft Kt-B3 
" Kt-B3 


K-Bsq 
P-Q3 


0-0 
P-Kt5 


Kt-Kt5 
B-R3 






PxP7 
B-Kt5ch 


0-0 
' P-R3 


P-Q4 
B-Kt5 


P-Q3 
P x Kt 


P-R4 


B 




Kt-B3 


O-O-O 


*Ktch5 


B x Ktch8 


q B - K3 
° B x B 


QB x P 


Q xP 


Kt-KB3 
Q-K2 


P 

Q- 


x B 
R4ch 


Px B 


Kt-B3 


B x Kt 


QKt-K2 


PxB 
v Kt-KR2 


P-KKt3 
Kt-KR4 


PxB 


K-B2 
Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 
QxKtPch 


P-Q6 


Kt-B3 -f- 


Kt-B4 


i n Kt ' Q5 

1U Kt-K2 


B-K3 
B-K2 + 




Kt-Q6ch 
K-Ktsq 


K-B2 
Q-KR4 


Px P 

B-Q3 


., Kt-Q2 — 
11 B-K3 — 






B x B 

Kt-Kt5ch4«+ 


B xP 
Kt-B3 


Kt-Kt5 

K-Q2 


12 








P-K5 
Kt-Q4 6 


P-B3 
KKt-K29 



1 A favorite continuation with L. Paulsen. 

2 In a consulation game between Paulsen and Bier, Schwarz and, Schottlander, 

3 Kt-B3, 4 B-KV2 4 B-B4, 5 P-Q3 5 P-QR3, 6 P-B4 6 P-Q3, 7 P-B5, &c. See Chess 
Monthly, September, 1879, page 20. 

3 Mr. Ranken says White can here adopt the Thorold-Allgaier attack with more 

advantage than if the Knights were not out, or perhaps after 5 P-KR4 5 P-Kto, 
6 Kt-KKtsq. 

4 The Steinitz gambit. 

4a From an elaborate article by Mr. Fraser upon this defense— 5 P-QKt3, see Chess, 
Player's Chronicle, May, 1879, page 98. 

5 From a game, Steinitz v. Minckwitz, played at the Baden Tourney, 1870. 

6 White is a Pawn minus, but has the superior position. 

7 Mr. Gossip gives 6 Kt x P ! 6 B-Kt5ch, 7 Kt-B3 7 O-O-O, SBxP'8 Kt-B3, 9 B-Kt3 

9 Q-R3, 10 Kt x Kt 10 Qx Kt, 11 P-B3+. 

8 Or 7 O-O-O, 8 P x Kt 8 B-QB4, 9 P x Pch 9 K-Ktsq, 10 Kt-QKt5 10 Kt-B3, 11 K-Q3 

11 Q-R4, as in a game between Zukertort and Steinitz. 

9 From a correspondence game— Skipworth v. Pugh— in the Chess Player's Chron- 

icle Correspondence Tourney. 



Table LXXXV.- VIENNA OPENING. 119, 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


1 


P-K4 












P-K4 




2 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 












B-B4 




3 


P-B4 10 
P-Q4 








P-B4 15 
P-Q3 




4 


P-Q3 
Kt-B3 






PxKP 

Kt x P 


Kt-B3 




P xKP 


B-QKt5 


Kt-KB3 




5 


Px KP 
QKt x P 


BP xP 
Kt-Kt5 


P x KP 
P-^5 12 


Kt-B3 
B-KKt5 


B-B4 13 
Kt-B3 




P-B3 


6 


P-Q4 
Kt-Kt3 


P-Q4 11 
P-K6 


P x Kt 
P xKt 


P-Q3 
Kt x Kt 


P-Q3 
P-QK3 14 


P xP 
P xP 


7 


P-K5 
Kt-K5 


B-B4 
Kt x KP 


P-QKt3 
Q x BP 


P x Kt 
Kt-B3 


P-B5 
P-K3 


Q-K2 
QKt-Q2 


8 


Kt-B3 
B-QKt5 


B-K2 
Kt-Kt3 


Kt-B3 
B-Kt5 


P-Q4 — 
P-B3 — 


P-KR3 
Q-K2 


P-Q3 
P-QKt4 


9 


B-Q2 — 
B-Kt5 — 


B x P — 
B-Q3 — 


B-K2 — 
Kt-B3 - 




P-R3 — 
P-^Kt4— 


B-Kt3 
P-QEU15 



10 If 3 Kt-B3, see Tables 48-51. 

11 Mr. Gossip gives 6 Kt x P ! G Kt x KP, 7 P-Q4 7 Kt-Kt3, 8 Kt-KB3 S Q-K2, 'J B-Q:! 

9 P-KB4, etc. 

12 Or. as played by Blackburne in his match with Steinitz, 5 Kt x P, 6 P x Kt 

(i Q-R5ch, 7 K-K2 7 B x Kt, 8 P x B 8 B-Ktdch, ( J Kt-B3 'J P x P, 10 Q-Q4, with a 
salt' game. 

13 If 5 P x P, 5 P x P, 6 Kt x P 6 Q-Q5, 7 Kt-Q3 7 B-Kt3, etc. 

14 Or GB-KKtf>, 7 Kt-QR4 7 B-Kt3, 8 Kt x B 8 RP x Kt, 9B-Kt5, with a good opening 

15 Or 3 Kt-R4 3 B x Pch, 4 K x B 4 Q-R5ch, 5 K-K3 5 Q-B5ch, 6 K-Q3 G P-Q4, 7 K-B3 

7 Q x KP, 8 K-Kt3 8 B-K3 + . 

These moves occurred in a game, Hampe v. Meitner, which ended in a draw : 
also between Steinitz and two Manchester allies, won by the Former. The ex- 
posed position of the King is hazardous, hut lie may be moved into sale 
quarters. 



120 SEMI-IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



BOOK Y. 



SEMI-IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 

This section will be devoted to the irregular defenses which Black may 
adopt in answer to 1 P-K4. 

There are four important variations. 

First.— 1 P-K4 1 P-K3.— Tables 86, 87.— French Game. 

Sometimes called the " King's Pawn One Game." It is quite safe for the 
second player ; the positions arising from its adoption are usually dull and 
uninteresting. 

Second.— 1 P-K4 1 P-Q4.— Table 88.— Center Counter Gambit. 

A weak counter attack, invariably giving the advantage to the first 
player. 

Third.— 1 P-K4 1 P-QB4.— Tables 89, 90.— Sicilian Game. 
If accurately conducted, results in an even game. 

Fourth.— 1 P-K4 1 P-QKt3, or, etc.— Table 91.— Fianchetto Defense. 

This method of opening has been very popular; it is safe play, but pro- 
ductive of a somewhat cramped position. 



Table LXXXVI.-PRENCH DEFENSE. 121 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 



l 

P-K4 



P-K3 
P-Q4 



P-Q4 
Kt-QB3 



Kt-IvB3 

P x P B-KKt5 5 

FTP JB-K2 

Kt-B3 P-K5 

B^3 KKt-Q2 

B-Q3 B x B 

O-O B-KKt5 Q x B 

0-0 B-K3 Q-Q2 



P-B3 B-K3 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 P-QR3! 

Kt-K2 R-Ksq B-KKt5 Q-Q2 Kt-Qsq 6 QKt-K2 



B-KKt5 Kt-B3 Kt-K2? O-O P-QB4 P-QB4 

Kt-Kt3 Kt-QKt5 BxKt! P-KR3 P-QB3 P-QB3 



Q-B2 " P-QR3 P x B B-K3 Kt-QB3 Kt-QB3 

P-KR3 KtxB Kt-KR4 P-R3 P-KB4 P-KB4 



QB x Kt Q x Kt K-K12 P-QR3 P-QKt4 P-QKt4 

Q X B!1— Kt-K5 Q-R5 0-0 — Kt-B3 Kt-B3 



Kt-K2 R-Bsq Kt-K24— P-B4 R-QKtsq 

B-KKt5 P-B4 3+ Kt-K3 Kt-Kt3 



Kt-Kt3 Kt-Kt3 P-B4 

Q-Q2 — B-Q3 — R-Bsq 



QR-Ksq2— R-QKtsq— O-O 8 



7 



y 



1 From a consulatiOD game between Zukertort and allies v. Sehwarz and allies, 

played at the Brunswick Congress, 1880. The Editors of the Chess Monthly cen- 
sure Black's 10th move, 10 QB x Kt, and recommend 10 B-K3. In the match 
between Zukertort and Potter the following variation occurred, 10 15 x I', 
HPxB 11 BxKt, 12 P x B 12QxPch, 13 K-Rsq 13 Q x Pen, 14 Kt-K2 14 Kt-K5, 
and, although the game ended in a draw, the Editors of the Chess Monthly con- 
sider the sacrifice unsound. 

2 Played in the final round of the Paris Tourney, LS7S, Blaekburne v. Winawer. 

3 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Mackenzie v. Mason. 

4 From a match game, Mason v. Potter. 

5 An amendment on Herr Steinitz's attack, introduced at the Viennn Congress, 

1870, for which see Column 7. The Knight is pinned to prevent Black playing 
Q-Kti! in certain variations. 

6 Introduced by Winawer at the Paris Tourney, intending to play Kt-K3, which 

Mr. Potter says, in the Westminster Papers, is a splendid square for the Knight. 

7 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Winawer v. Blaekburne. 

8 From a game in the Paris Tourney, Anderssen v. Blaekburne. 



122 Table LXXXVII.— FRENCH DEFENSE. 





7 


8 




10 


11 


12 


1 


P-K4 
P-K3 












-> 

-J 


P-Q4 

P-Q4 












3 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 




B-Kt5 ? 


PxP 


P-K5? 
P-QB4 




P xP 




4 


B-KKt5 
B-K2 


P-K5 ? 11 
KKt-Q2 


P x P! 


Kt-KB3 
Kt-KB3 


P-QB3 18 
Kt-QBS 


B-Kt5ch 


P x P 


Kt-Qli3 


5 


B x Kt 9 
13 x B 


QKt-K2 12 
P-QB4 


Kt-B3 
Kt-KB3 


B-Q3 
B-Q3 


P-K B4 

Q Kt3 


B x Ktch 
P x B 


6 


Kt-B3 
0-0 


P-QB3 


B-Q3 


0-0 


Kt-B3 


P-QB3 


Kt-QB3 


O-O 


O-O 


Ji-Q2 


Q-Kt3 


t 


B-Q3 
P-QKt3 


P-KB4 
Q-Kt3 


0-0 


P-B4 16 
P xP 


B-K2 


Kt-B3 


B-Q3 14 


Kt-B3 


B-K3 + 


8 


0-0 
B-Kt2 


Kt- B3 
B-K2 


B-KKt5 
P-B3 


B x P 


0-0 
P xP 




B-KKt5 




9 


P xP 
P xP 


Kt-Kt3 13 
P x P 


Q-Q2 
B-K3 


B-K3 
P-B3 


P xP 

Kt x QP 




10 


Kt-K2 
P-B4 


PxP 
B-Kt5ch 


QR-Ksq 

QKt-Q2 


QKt-Q2 

QKt-Q2 


Kt x Kt 
Kt-B4 -f- 




11 


P-B3 — 
Kt-B310 — 


. K-B2 
. P-B3 ~j- 


KI-K2 
Q-B2 15 


Q-Kt3 








Q-Kt3 




12 








Q-B2 
Q-B2 






13 








QE-Bsq — 
QB-Bsq 17 







9 The Chess Player's Chronicle remark s that this move was favored by Anderssen. 

10 The Handbuch, 6th edition, says— Even game. 

11 The attack introduced by Steinitz v. Meitner at the Vienna Tourney, upon which 

the variation in Columns 5-6 are based, but in those variations B-KKtf> is 
played as a preliminary. 

12 This retreat is necessary to be enabled to defend QP with QBP. 

13 Mr. Potter suggests 9 P-QR3 or P-EKt3. 

14 Herr Steinitz remarks in The Field :—" In consequence of the unfavorable third 

move, Black is now virtually two moves behind. 7 B x Kt would have enabled 
White to obtain the usual strategical advantage arising after P x B by R-QKtsq 
and P-QB4. 

15 From a game played in the Philadelphia Tourney — Mason v. Martinez. 

16 7 Kt-QB3, same as Column 1. 

17 The best moves on each side, according to Jaenisch's theory. 

18 Herr Rosenthal, in a game with Mr. Hunter, at Glasgow, played 4 Kt-KB3 at this 

point, following with 5 P-B3, 6 B-Q3, and 7 B-B2 in succession. 



Table 88.— French Defense.— Center Counter Gambit. 123 



1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 




13 14 

l'-KI 

P-K3 

P-KB4 

P-Q4 QxP Kt-KB3? 

P x P P-K5? Kt-QB3 P-Q4 

PTT P-QB4 Q^Jsq Q-QR4 3 Jit x P 

Kt-KB3 P-B3 P-Q4 P-Q4 Kt-B3fi P-Q.B4 



V-Hll-l ' Kt-QB3 ' Kt-KB3 P-K4! P-K4 Kt-KBo 

P-Q4 Kt-B3 B-Q3 P x P B-Kt5ch Kt-QB3 



1U-QB3 P-B3 " Kt-B3 " Q x Pch B-Q2 6 B-B4 

P-B3 Kt-R3 B-K3 B-K2 Q-K2 Kt-B3 

KUB3 Kt-K3 " P-K3 2 B-QKi5! P-KB3 7 P-K3 

B-K3 Kt-B2 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 O-O 8 B-K3 



Q-Kt3 " B-Q2 . B-Q3 " B x Kteh B-Q3 B-QKt5 

P-QKt3 P-Q4 0-0 P x B P-Q4 -f Q-Kt3 



B-Q2 " Q-K13 " O-O " Q x Pch B x Ktch 

B-Q3 P-QKt3 Q-K2+ B-Q2. PxB 



K-Bsq + lt-Bsq " Q-B4 B-K5 

B-Q3 B-QKtsq Kt-Q2 

Kt-B2 Kt-QB3 B-B3 

B-K3 O-O B-Q3 



PxQP Kt-B3 4 QKt-Q2 

P x QP Q-B2 8 + 

B-Ki5ch -f 



1 If 2 P-K5, 2 P-K3, we have a variation of the French defense favorable to the 

second player. 

2 Mr. Gossip gives an ingenious variation to prove that Black can not plav 6 P-K4, 

7 Kt-B3 7 B-KKt5, 8 P x P 8 Kt x P, 9 B-Ktdeh 9 KKt-Q2, 10 Kt x Kt, winning a 
piece. 

3 The Editors of the Chess Monthly censure this move, which exposes the Queen to 

attack. 

4 From a game between Morphy and Anderssen. 

5 The following variation and notes are given in the Chess Monthly, to prove that 

•1 Kt-B3 prevents Black developing with P-K4. 

6 Or 5 P-B3, 6 B-B4 C B-KB-1, 7 0-0 7 Kt-Q2, 8 R-Ksq 8 P-B:l, 9 Kt KK4 + . 

7 If 6 BxB, 7QxPch+. If 6 B-Q3, 7 Kt x P+. 

8 If 7 P-Ql 7 B-QKt5, 8 B-Q2 S B x B+. 

9 From a game between Morphy and Anderssen, reprinted, with excellent notes, 

in the Chess Monthly. 12 Q-B2 is necessary, otherwise Black could play 12 Kt-i;i. 



124 Table LXXXIX.- SICILIAN DEFENSE. 



1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


-, P-K4 
1 P-QB4 












Kt-QBB • 
J P-K3 












q P-KKt31 
d Kt-QB3 


Kt-B3 
.Kt-QB3 










Kt-KB3 


1 B-Kt2 
** Kt-B3 


P-Q4 3« 
P x P 








P-Q4 
PxP 


r KKt-K2 
° P-QPv3 


KtxP 
P-Q113 






Kt-B3 


Kt x P 
B-QKto 


« P-Q4 

b PxP 


B-K2! 
Kt-B3 






KKt-Kt5 
B-lvt5 


B-Q3 


B-IU5 


KKt-K2? 


Kt-B3 


7 KtxP 
' Q-B2 


Kt x-Kt 
KtP x Kt 


Q-Q3 4 
KKt-K2 


B-K3 
P^KKt3 


Kt-Q6ch 
K-K2 6 


KKt-Q2 
P-Q4 


Q 
8 B-K2 


P-K5 
Kt-Q4 


0-0 — 
0-0 — 


Q-Q2 
B-Kt2 


B-KB4 
P-K4 


PxP 
PxP 


q B-K3 - 


Kt-K4 -» 
P-KB4 3— 




0-0-0 


Kt-B5eh 
K-Bsq 


O-O — 


O-O 2 — 


O-O 


O-O 9 — 


10 1 






P-KK4+ 5 


B-Q2 7 — 
P-Q4I8— 




q ft-tel 
















il 



L 




1 This attack was the favorite in the late Paris Tourney 1878. 

2 From a Paris game, Blackburne v. Anderssen. 

3 Prom a game, Zukertort V. Anderssen. It is doubtful whether 10 B-R5ch, or 

Kt-Q6ch, is the better continuation for White. 

3a Mr. Bird introduced at Paris 4 B-Kto. Mr. Potter says, 4 KKt-K2 is the best 
reply. 

4 In a game, Minchiti v. Wavte, 7 0-0 7 Q-B3, 8 Kt x Kt 8 KtP x Kt, 9 Kt-R4 

9 Kt-K2, 10 P-QB3 10 B-R4, 11 Q-Q6+. 

5 Prom Gossip, columns 3 and 4 communicated by Mr. Ranken. 

6 An American invention ; frequently played by Louis Paulsen. 

7 Herr Zukertort's suggestion. If 10B-KKt5, 10 Q-R4! 11 B-Q2 11 P-Q4, as given 

by Steinitz in the Field. 

8 Mr. Wavte's move, which equalizes the game. If 10 B x Kt, 11 B x B 11 Kt x P, 

12 Q-Kt4+. 

9 From a match game, Fisher v. Burn. Steinitz declares the game even. 






Table XC- SICILIAN DEFENSE. 125 





7 




8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


1 


I'-K t 
P-QB4 














O 


P-Q4 
P xP 






P-KB4? 
P-K3 


P-KKt3 
Kt-QB3 


Kt-KB3 


B-B4? 




P-KKt3 


P-K3 


3 


Kt-KB3 
P-K3 






Kt-KB3 


B-Kt2 
P-K4! 


P-Q4 
PxP 


Kt-QB3 


Kt-QB3 


P-0.4 


Kt-K2 


4 


Kt x P 
Kt-KB3! 


Kt x P 
P-K3 


PxP 
PxP 


Kt-K2 
P-Q3 


Ktx P 
B-Kt2 


Q-K2 
<^Kt-B3 


5 


B-Q3 
Ki-B3 


Kt-Kt5 


B-Kt5ch 11 
B-Q2 


0-0 
Kt-B3 


B-K3 
Kt-QB3 


Kt-B3 


P- 


QK3 


P-QE3 


6 


B-K3 
P-Q4 


Kt-Q6ch 
B xKt 


B x Bch 
Kt x B 


P-QB3 
Q-B2 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-B3 


P-Q3 
Kt-Kt3 


7 


P x P 
P x P 


Q 


xB 


0-0 

B-Q3 12 — 


P-Q4 - 
B-Q'213— 


B-K2 
■ P-Q3 


O-O 


Q- 


K2 


B-K2 


8 


0-0 
B-Q3 


Q- 


Kt3 — 






0-0 - 
P-QR314 


- B-K3 — 


p- 


B4 — 


O-O 15 — 


9 


P-KK3 — 














P-KR310— 















10 From a game in the match Kolisch-Anderssen. 

11 If 5 P-Q4, Black gets the Letter game by 5 Kt-QB3. 

12 From the Paris Tourney 1S67. Winawer-Kolisch, 

13 From a game Steinitz-Anderssen. 

14 From a game Wisker-Potter. 

15 From a game Kieseritzky-Anderssen. 

It should he noticed that the earlier moves of this Opening are capable of 
numerous transpositions. 



126 



Table XCX.-FIANCHETTO DEFENSE. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Burn 
Owen 


Burn 
Owen 


Blaekburne 
Hamel 


Zukertort 
Hamel 


Cochrane 

Moheschun- 
der 


Mason 
Potter 


1 


P-K4 
P-QKt3 












P-KKt3 


P-QB4 


2 


P-Q4 
P-K3 








P-Q4 
P-Q3 4 


Kt-KB3 
P-KKt3 


3 


B-Q3 
B-Kt2 


P-KB3 




P-Q5 
B-Kt2 


B-Q3 
Kt-KB3 


P-Q4 


B-Kt2 


P x P 


4 


Kt-K2 
Kt-KBy 


B-Q3 




P-QB4 
B-B4 


P-QB4 
B-Ki2 


Kt x P 


P-QB4 


B-Ki2 


5 


Kt-Kt3 
P-B4 


P-B3 


P xP 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-K2 


Kt-QB3 


B-K3 


Kt-QB3 


O-U 


Kt-QB3 7 


6 


P x PI 


Kt-K2 
P x P 


Px P 
B-Kt5ch 


B-K2 


P-B4 5 
P-K4 


P-QB3 


KB x P2 


Kt-Kt3 


Kt-B3 


7 


Kt-B3 
Kt.-B3 


P x P 
B-Kt5ch 


Kt-B3 
Kt-K2 


Kt-B3 
O-O 


BP x P 
Px P 


Kt-Q2 
0-0 


8 


B-KB4 
Ki-QKt5? 3 


QKt-B3 
KKt-K2 


Kt-K2 
O-O 


P-QPv3 
P-QK4 


P.Q5 6 — 


B-K2 


P-B3 


P-Q4 8 


9 




0-0 — 


0-0 — 


0-0 — 






O-O — 


— 


P-LS4 — 





1 Steinitz, in The Field, says:— "A good way of meeting this opening, though 

novel. Black's QP will either be kept back, or isolated at Q4. 

2 If C P x P, 7 P-QB4, with an excellent game. 

3 S P-Q4 was necessary here, and Black would have a safe game. 

4 This constitutes the Fianchetto of the Indian players. Mr. Potter says it is 

probably as good as any other close defense. 

5 Mr. Potter, in the City of London Chess Magazine, says: — "It is not good, in games 

of this kind, to throw up the four center Pawns; by proper play on the other 
side they should be broken up. 

6 It would be bad to take the P, as Black could answer Kt-Kt5, regaining it, with 

abetter game. 

7 The Editor of the Chess Player's Chronicle recommends P-QR3, P-K3, and Kt-K2, 

or P-Kt3, and B-Kt2, etc. 

8 P-QR3, followed by Q-B2, should have been played first, says the Editor of the 

Chess Player's Chronicle. 



127 



BOOK VI. 



IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 

"The Openings on the Queen's side of the board, strictly speaking, hold 
the first rank among all the Openings at Chess, since they are those which, 
may be played with the greatest exactness." — Jaenisch. 

The theory of the Irregular Openings can not be mapped out in variations 
with any satisfactory result; consequently in works extant which have been 
written upon the Openings, they have been somewhat neglected. The gen- 
eral principles which should guide the player who selects the close game 
may be acquired by a careful study of the published games of the best 
players. 

The compiler has selected a collection of examples, giving the first twelve 
moves on each side, and inserting at the head of the columns the source 
from which the examples have been derived, and the names of the players 
engaged, and in the foot-notes the comments of the Editors in abbreviation. 

The abandonment of theory and the adoption of practice in the examples 
presented will, we believe, introduce the student to a correct method of ob- 
taining the knowledge necessary for the conduct of the "close game." 

The Queen's Gambit, 1 P-Q4 1 P-Q4, 2 P-QB4, is the foundation of many 
of the close openings. It is mentioned in the oldest writings on the prac- 
tical game, but was especially noticed by Stamma (1745). 

Black can safely accept the Gambit by 2 P x P, but it somewhat prolongs 
the development of his pieces. On this account "Walker and Jaenisch have 
recommended that the Gambit be declined by 2 P-K3. In declining the Gam- 
bit these writers have followed Salvio, who tried to avoid the perils of its 
acceptance by playing a Counter Gambit, 2 P-QB4. 

In the Gambit accepted White can continue the Game by 3 P-K3, or 
3 P-K4, to which Black's answer is 3 P-K4, or White can play 3 Kt-KB3, 
an attack introduced by Blackburne at the Vienna Congress, 1870, to pre- 
vent Black from playing P-K4. We append a synopsis of the contents of 
this chapter. 

Columns. 

1 P-Q4 1 P-Q4, 2 P-QB4 Queen's Gambit 

1 P-QK3 ... 

1 P-QB4 ... 

1 P-KB4 ... 

1 P-K3 

1 P-Q3 

1 P-Q4 1 P-KB4 .. 

1 P-QKt3 ... 

1 P-KKt3 ... 



Anderssen's Opening 


1-4 


The English Opening 


5-16 


The KBPawn Opening .. 


17-25 


Vant Kruy's Opening 


28-29 


... 


30 


Riviere's Opening 


31-36 


Fianchetto de Donna 


38-39 


Fianchetto de Ri 


40 



128 



Table XCII -QUEEN'S GAMBIT. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 






C. P. Com- 
panion, 
pS68 


Wiener 

Tournev, 

p206 


Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Aug. 1878, 
p79 


Staunton's 

Handbook, 

p 363 


Staunton's 

Handbook, 

p362 




Potter 
De Vere 


St. Amant 
Staunton 


Heral 
Kosenthal 


Mason 
Winawer 


Bristol 

Amateurs 

Staunton 


De laBour- 

donnais 
McDonnell 


1 


P-Q4 
P-Q4 












,2 


P-QB4 
P x P 












3 


P-K3! 
P-K4 












4 


B x P 
P xP 








y 




5 


P x P 
Kt-KB3 












B 


Ivt-KB3 
B-Q3 














B-Kt5ch 


B-K2 6 


7 


0-0 

u-o 








Kt-B3 
O-O 


Kt-B3 
O-O 


8 


P-KR3 




Kt-B3 


B-KKt5 2 


0-0 


P~KR3 




1U-B3 




Kt-B3 


P-KR3 


B-Kt5 


QKt-Q2 


9 


Kt-B3 


B-KKt5 1 
B-K2 


K-Rsq 
JB-KKt5 


B-R4 3 

Kt- Bo 


B-K3 
Kt-B3 


B-K3 




T-KR3 


Kt-Kt3 


10 


B-K3 


Kt-B3 


B-K3 


P-KR3 


B-K2 4 


B-Kt3 




Kt-K2 


B-KB4 


P-QR3 


B-B5 


Kt-Q4 


P-B3 


11 


Kt-Ksq 
P-B3 


P-R3 
Kt-K5 


P-KR3 


Kt-B3 
P-KKt4 


Q-B2 5 


0-0 




B-R4 


B-KR4 ! 


KKt-Q4 


12 


P-KK14! 


B-K3 


R-KKtsq 
P-Q1U4 


Kt-K2 


P-QR3 
B-K4 


Q-K2 




Qkt-Q4 


B-B3 


B-Q3 


P-KB4 


13 


Q-B3 — 
B-K.3 — 


KR-Ksq 

Kt-Q3 


B-Kt3 — 


B-KKt3 
Kt-K5 


Kt-K5 — 


Kt-K5 + 




Kt-Pv4 — 





8 P-KR3 should have been played by Black: it is almost indispensable for both 
plavers to take this precaution early in this opening, as Black has now to re- 
treat 'J B-K2. 



2 Premature before developing Kt-B3. 

3 Mr. Potter recommends 9 B-K3. 

4 The best move to preserve the QP. 

5 Threatening Kt-KKtu, which might cost Black a piece. 

6 B-Q3 is the proper square in this opening. 



Table XCIII.— QUEEN'S GAMBIT. 129 



7 8 9 10 11 12 

Wiener C. P. Chro- Field Staunton's Westmin- Westmin- 

Congress, nicle, 1873 Handbook, ster Papers, ster Papers, 

p 218 p 365 Sept. 187£ 

1-117 

Heral Owen Owen Harwitz Blackburne Blaekburne 

Rosenthal Boden Burn and others Rosenthal Clerc 

Kieseritzky 

and others 

1 " 

2 

3 

4 
5 

B-Kt5ch LU-KB3 Kt-KB3 B-K2 P-K3 

q B-Q'2 K t-QB3 Kt-K'2 . Kt-B3 Kt-B3 

B x JJch B-Q3 FxP B-K5 _ O-O ~ P-QK3 




Kt-KB3 11 



P-K4! P-KB4 9 P-K3 Kt-KB3 

P-Q5 P x P 10 P-K3 P-K3 



Kt-KB3 P-KB4! 7 B x P Kt-KB3 B-Kt5 13 

B-Kt5? BxP BxP BxP BxP 



7 



Kt x B Kt-B3 Kt x P? 8 0-0 O O 0-0 

04J> " PxP Kt x Kt Kt-B3 QKt-Q2 B^K2 



q B x P Kt-KKt5 Q-R5ch Q-Kt3 B-Q3 12 Q-K2 



P-B3 B-KB4 P-Kt3 B-Q4 Kt-Kt3 0-0 

q Q-Kt3_ Q-R4ch Q x KPch B x B B-Q3 li-Qsq 

P-QKt4 QKt-Q2 C£K2 Q x B " P-B4 ~ Kt-B3 

10 E " Q 3 Kt-KG Q x R Q x P Kt-K2 _ P-QKt3 

PxP Q-K2 Q-Kt5ch Kt x P P x P " Kt-Q4 

11 Kt - K2 °-° K-Bsq Q-R6 QKt x P B-Kt2 
PxP " P-QR3 Q x Bch P-K4 " B-Q3 ~ B-B3 

■^2 Kt- x P B-KKto Kt-K2 QKt-B3 Kt-QKt5 Kt-K4 

B-Q2 ~ K-QBsq B-KKt5 qTB3 ~ B-K2 ~ B-K2 



7 The best line of defense, according to Steinitz. 

8 Unsound, and unnecessary. White should simply bring out KKt-K2, and the 

KP would fall in a few moves. 

9 This leads to the objectionable defense of Schwarz. 

10 B x P is also good play. 

11 Mr. Blackburne introduced this move at the Vienna Tourney. To all appear- 

ance it is preferable to P-K3 or P-K4. 



12 Perhaps P-K4 would have been stronger. 

13 The best defense undoubtedly. 



130 



Table XCIV.-QUEEN'S GAMBIT. 



1 

2 
3 
4 
5 

6 

7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 



13 

1851 Tour- 
nament, 
p42 

Anderssen 
Szen 

P-Q4 

P-Q4 

P-QB4 

P-K3 ! 

P-K3 

Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

P-B4 

Kt-B3 

IU-B3 

P-QB3 

P-QK3 

P-QKt3 
P-QKL3 
B-Kt2 
B-Kt2 
P x QP 
KP x P 
B-Q3 
P xP 
P x P 
B-Q3 

0-0 
0-0 



14 



15 



C. P. Com- C. P. Com- 



panion, 
p341 



St. Amant 
Staunton 



P-QKt3? 

BP x P 

KPxP 

B-Kt5 

B-Kt2 14 

Kt-K5 

K-Bsq 

Q-Pv4 

Q-B2 

Q x P 
B-K2 

B x Ktch 
BxB 



panion, 
p 350 



St. Amant 
Staunton 



B-K2 

B-Q3 



O-O 
0-0 



P-QKt8 
P-QKt3 
B-Kt2 

BPxPl5 
KP x P 
B-Kt2 
P x P 
P x P 



16 

Westmin- 
ster Papers, 



Steinitz 
Anderssen 



B-Q3 



Kt-QB3 16 
Kt-KB3 

B-Kt5 17 
BTK2 

P-K3 

O-O 

Kt-B3 

P-QKt8 

B-Q3 

B-Kt2 

0-0 

QKt-Q2 

P xP 
P x P 
E-Bsq 
P-B4 
P x P 
P x P 
Q-R4 
Kt-K5 ? 



17 

Wiener 

Tourney, 

p222" 

Heral 
Paulsen 



18 



B-Q3 



QKt-Q2 
KKt-K2 
P-QKt3 
0-0 
B-Kt2 
Kt-Kt3 
-P-KK3 
B x Kt 
KtxU 
Kt-K5 16 
PTB4 
Kt x Kt 
BxKt 



Illustrated 
News 



Berlin 
Vienna 



Q-Kt3 
QKt-Q2 

Px P 



Kt-B3 
Kt-Kt3 " 
B-Q3 
B^Kl 

Q-B2 

P-KPv3 

B-Pv4 

KKt-Q2 

B-Kt3 

K-Bsq 



14 B-Q2 would have avoided the loss of a Pawn. 

15 This exchange of Pawns is almost indispensable to prevent the B having com- 

mand of the diagonal. 

16 There is a difference of opinion amongst proficients, some remarking that the 

first player should not allow the Kt to be pinned; and others that P-QR3, to 
prevent B-Kt5, is superfluous. 

17 This is now the most favored continuation; adopted by Steinitz and others in 

the Vienna Tourney. 

18 11 R-Bsq is better. 



Table XCV.— QUEEN'S GAMBIT. 131 





19 


20 


21 


22 




Morphy's 
Games, p lii 




Two other methods of 
declining the Gamoit. 

from the Synopsis, 2nd 
edition. 




Harrwitz 
Morphy 


Harrwitz 

Lowenthal 






1 


P-Q4 
P-Q4 








2 


P-QB4 
P-K3 








P-QB4 


P-QB3? 


3 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 




PxQP 
QxP 


P-K3 
Kt-B3 


4 


Kt-B3 
P-B4 




P-K3 
P x P 


Kt-QB3 
P-K3 


5 


B-B4 
P-QK3! 19 




Kt-QB3! 
Q Qsq 


Kt-B3 
B-Q3 


6 


P-K3 
Kt-B3 




PxP 
P-K3 


B-Q3 
0-O 


7 


P-QR3 
P * QP 




Kt-B3 


O-O + 




B-K2 


Kt-Kli3 




8 


KP xP 
Px.P 


QP xP 
B x P 


B-K3 + 




9 


B x P 
P-QKt4 


P-QKt4 
B-Q3 






10 


B-Q3 
B-Kt2 


B x B 
QxB 






11 


0-0 
B-K2 


P-B5 
Q-K2 






12 


B-K5 


B-K2 







O-O O-O 



19 Necessary, to prevent Kt-QKt" 



132 



Table XCVI.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



I 


2 


3 


4 


E 

u 


6 


Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Aug. 1878, 
p89 


Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Aug. 1878, 
p91 


Chess 

Monthly, 

Dec. 1879, 

pll2 


Wiener 
Congress, 
1873, p 247 


Field 


Field 


Anderssen 
Mackenzie 


Anderssen 
Mason 


Anderssen 
Morphy 


Steinitz 
Blackburne 


London 
Vienna 


Zukertort 
Rosenthal 


-, P-QR3 1 
P-Q4 






P-KKt3 


P-QB4 7 
P-K4 




P-KB4 


P-K4 3 




2 P " K3 


P-K3 
Kt-KBS 


P-QB4 
Kt-KB3 


P-Q4 
B-Kt2 


Kt-QB3 


P-K3 


P-QB4 


B-Kt5 


Kt-KB3 


o B-Kt5ch 


P-KB4 
P-K3 


Kt-QB3 


P-K4 
P-QB4 


Kt-Q5 8 
B-K2 


Kt-QB3 11 


B-Q2 2 


P-Q4 


B-Kt5 


a B x Bch. 
Kt x B 


Kt-KB3 


P xP 


P xP 


P-Q4 9 


KKt-K212 


P-QKt3 


Kt xP 


Q-B2 


P*P 


O-O 


c P-KB4 


B-K2 


P-K3 
B-K3 


B-Q3 
Q x BP 


B-B4 


P-QR3 


P-K3 


B-Kt2 


P-QB3 


B x Kt 


^ Kt-KB3 


0-0 

B-K2 


Kt-B3 


Kt-K2 
Kt-QB3 


Kt x B 10 
Kt x Kt 


Kt x B 


" B-Q3 


B-Q3 


P-Q4 


7 0-0 
KKt-B3 


P-Q3 


B-K2 


B-K3 


QxP 


P x P 


0-0 


O-O 


Q-K4eh 


O-O 


Kt x P 


£ Kt-B3 


Kt-K5 


P-Q4 


QKt-B3 


P-K4 


B-K2 


K-QBsq 


i J -Q3 


Kt x Kt 4 P-Q3 


P-Q4 


Kt-QB3 


C) Kt-K2 


B-B3 
P-B3 


P x Kt 
P-K5 


0-0 


0-0-0 
B-K3 


0-0 


' Kt-Bsq 


B-Q2 


B-K3 


10 P-B4 


Kt-B4 


Kt-Q2 
P-KB4 


P-QKt4 
Q-Qsq 


Kt-B3 
Kt-Q2 


P-Q4 


P-QE3 


PQ4 


KKt-K213 


llPxP 


Kt-Ko 
QKt-Q2 


P-KB4 5 


Pv-Ktsq 
P-Kt3? 


Kt-Kt5 
P-KR3 


B-B3 14 


P X P 


P-KKt4 6 


P x P 


-| 2 P-QKt3 
Kt-Kt3 


P-Q4 


B-B4? 


Kt-Q5 
Kt-B3 


KP x P 
B-B4 


P x P 
B-B5 



For Notes, see next page. 



Table XCVI. continued.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 133 



Notes to page 132. 



1 Andcrssen's attack. The Chess Monthly says, " By this peculiar way of opening, 

the first player abandons the initiative for the advantage to play the defense, 
with a not unimportant move in his favor." 

2 Mr. Potter, in the Westminster Papers, recommends 3 Kt-B3 as preferable; if 

White take off the Kt, so much the better. Black would in that case have a 
strong center, and his Qli, which he now banishes, would be in fine play. 

3 Morphy adopted this defense in three games against Anderssen; it allows the 

first player to play the Sicilian defense with a move a-head. P-Ql is the best 
defense. 

4 This capture followed by 9 P-K5 compromises Black's game. 

5 11 O-O, followed by P-B3 or KB4 would have been better. 

6 A wild advance, which can have but one result, to weaken Black's King's flank, 

whilst the opponent has already the command of the Queen's flank. 

7 The English opening, calculated to bring about positions in which each side is 

soon thrown upon its own resources. 

8 Compulsory, as White could neither afford to allow their Pawns to be doubled 

at this early stage, nor could they w ithout disadvantage protect the Kt with t lie < l . 

9 4 P-K3 4 Kt-KB3, 5 Kt x B 5 Q x Kt, 6 Kt-K2 r 6 P-QTU3, 7 Kt-B3 7 B Kt2, 8 P-B3. 

8 Kt-R4, 9 P-KKt3 <J P-KB4, not satisfactory for White. 

10 If C Kt-B7ch 6 Q x Kt! 7 B x Q 7 B-Kt5ch. Black has won a Pawn. 

11 Steinitz prefers 3 P-QR3, resolving the game into column 3, and shutting in 

Black's KB, which is an incumbrance, and can not be well posted in this 
opening. 

12 He can not allow his Pawns to be doubled here. His two Bishops are no com- 

pensation, as they can not find commanding positions. On the other hand, his 
doubled Pawn can not be dissolved against proper play, and his adversary has 
the advantage with his two Knights under the circumstances. 

13 Black wishes to preserve his superiority of Pawns on Q side, and does not 

mind the adverse superiority on the K wing; for the ending the former would 
stand better. 

14 The correct reply, which forces equalization in a few moves. 



134 



Table XCVII.— IBREGULAR OPENINGS. 



7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 


Wiener 

Congress, 

p 151 


C. P. 
Chronicle, 
March 1880, 

p 54 


Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Oct. 1873, 
pll4 


Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Sept. 1878, 
p 105 


Field. 


Westmin- 
ster Papers. 


Steinitz 
Rosenthal 


Skipworth 
Wayte 


Steinitz 
Gelbfuhs . 


Pitschel 
Blackburne 


Skipworth 
Burn 


Wisker 
Bird 


-, P-QB4 
1 P-K4 












P-K3 


P-KB4 3 




P-K3 

^ Kt-KB3 


P-K3 

Kt KB3 






P-K3 


P-KKt3 


P-KB4 


Kt-KB3 


P-K3 


P-K3 


q P-QR3 
° PQ4 


P-QR3 
P-Q4 


P-KKt3 
Kt-KB3 


Kt-KB3 


Kt-KB3 
P-QKt3 


B-Kt2 


P-QKt3 


Kt-KB3 


4 PxP 
Kt x P 


P-Q4 


B-Kt2 


P-QKt3 


P-QR3 4 


P-QPv3 


P-QPv3 2 


P-B3 


B-Kt2 


B-Kt2 


P-Q4 


r Kt-KB3 
° B-Q3 


Kt-QB3 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q4 


B-Kt2 
B-K2 


Kt-B3 
Kt-KB3 


P-Q4 


P x P 


Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 
Kt x .Kt 


B xP 


P-Kt3 
B-Q3 


B-K2 
0-0 


P-Q4 
B-K2 5 


Kt-QB3 


P-Q1U4 


P-KKt3 7 


i- KtP x Kt 
' O-O 


B-Q3 


B-Kt2 


0-0 


B-Q3 


Kt-B3 


B-Kt2 


0-0 


Kt-R3 


O-O 


B-K2 8 


o P-Q4 
P x PI 


Kt-B3 
P-B4 


0-0 
QK1-Q2 


Kt-B3 


P-Q5 
P-QK3 6 


0-0 


Kt-Ksq 


O-O 


Q BP x P 
P-QB4 


P x P 


P-Q4 


Kt-Ksq 


0-0 


B-E6 


B x P 


P-QKt3 


P-KB4 


Q-Ksq 


K-Ksq 


io p -Q 5 . 


P-QKt4 


Kt-B3 


P-B4 


P-QKt4 


P-B5 


iU Kt-Q2 


B-Kt3 


Q-K2 


Kt-B3 


B-Q3 


Kt-K5 


-i-i B-Kt2 
Kt-B3 


0-0 
Kt-B3 


P-QR3 
B-Kt2 


B-B3 
P-B3 


Q-Kt3 


P-K3 


Q-Kt3 


B-B3 


19 B-B4 


B-Kt2 


Q-B2 


P-Q4 


P-B5? 


P-KR4 



P-QI 



O-O 



Kt-K5 



Q-Ksq 



Kt x P Q-K2 



1 The game is similar to Column 3, by a transposition of moves, where Morphv 

played 9 P-K5. 

2 4 P-QIU3 is probably better. 

3 Steinitz disapproves of this move, and points out that it creates difficulties with 

the QP, whether advanced or retained. In the former case the KP is left weak. 
and in the latter the adversary's QP may advance to Q5, hampering the develop- 
ment of the QKt. 

4 A good move, where the adversary's QP is unmoved. Were the latter already 

at Q4, the precaution would be superfluous, for White could then allow the Kt to 
be pinned by B-Kto, or taken, as that would enable him to retake with the KtP, 
strengthening his center. 

5 B-Q3 at once is better play. 

6 Black is laboring under the difficulties innate to this opening, as pointed out in 

Note 3. His QKi is now blocked, and yet the move of the QRP was necessary 
to prevent Kt-QKt5. 

7 Dr. Zukertort says, if 6 P x P, 7 B x Ktch 7 P x B, 8 Kt-B3+. 

8 If P take P, on this or the next move, White regains it by Q-R4. 



Table XCVIII.- IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 135 





13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 




Field 


c p. 

( lorapmuon 

1, 351 


C. P. 
. Companion 
p 3CG 


Westmin- 
i ster Papers 
Oct. L873, 
p 111 


Westmin- 
, ster Papers, 
Sept. 1878, 
1> 110 


Chess 

Monthly, 

Aug. 1880, 

p 368 




Zukertort 
Potter 


Staunton 

St. Amant 


Staunton 
st. Amant 


Steinitz 

Paulsen 


Bird 
Pitschel 


.Mason 
Schallopp 


1 


P-QB4 
P-KKt3 








P-KB4 8 




P-QB4 


P-Q4 


P-Q3 6 


P-KB4 


P-K3 


-) 


P-Q4 
L5-Kt2 


Kt QB3 
Kt QB3 


Kt-QB3 5 
P-K3 


P-Q4 


P-K3 


Kt-K B3 


P-KKt3 " 


P-K3 


P-QKt3 9 


3 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q3 


P-K3 


P-Q4 


Kt-QB3 


B-K2 


P-K3 


l'-():; 


Kt-KB3 


i;-Kt2 


Kt-Kl>3 


B-Kt2 


4 


P-K3 


P-Q4 


Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 


P-QKt3 


B-K2 


P-KJB4 1 


P xP3 


l'-B4 


P-KB4 


B-K2 


B-Iv2 




B-K2 


P x P 


P-K3 


P-KKt3 


B-Kt2 


0-0 


5 


P-li8 


P-K3 


Kt-B3 


Kt-KK3 


0-0 


Kt KR3 10 


6 


0-0 

Q-B2 


Kt-B3 


P-QR3 


P-KR4 


Kt-KB3 


P-B4 11 


P-Q4 


P-QR3 


Kt-B2 


P-Q3 


O-O 


r- 


Kt-B3 


P-QR3 
Kt-B3 


QP x P 


P-R5 


P-QR4 


Kt-B3 


t 


P-K4 2 


B xP 


P-K3 


Kt-K5 


P-KB4 


8 


P-K4 

Kt-K2 


P-B5 


P-QIU4 


P-K4 


P-Q3 


P-QKt3 


B-K2 


B-K2 


Kt-Q2 


B-B3 


B-KB3 


9 


QP x P 
QP x P 


P-QKt4 4 


B-Kt2 


B-K12 


P-B3 


B-Kt2 


Kt-Ko 


()-() 


P-QK8 


Kt-B4 


P-Q3 


10 


P-B5 


Kt-K2 
P-J4R3 


B-K2 
P x P 


B-K3 


P-QIU4 


P-Q4 


P-KR3 


Kt-B3 


KKt-Q2? 


Kt-Q2 


11 


B-QB4 

Kt-Q2 


Kt-Kt3 
P-B4 


B x P 
P-QKt4 


P x KtP 


Q Kt3 


Q-Q2 


RP x P 


Q-Ksq 


Q-K2 


12 


Q-Q6 

n-lM 


B-Q3 


B-Q3 


R x Rch 


Kt-(»1 


QR-Ksq 


B-B:i 


B-Kt2 


Kl x R 7 




R-B2 



1 Black is early playing the Pawn same on his tender flank, the King's side; al- 

ways a dangerous policy, for the Pawns become stationary, and the opponent can 
abide his tunc for assaulting them, either with Pawns en- pieces, when there is 
a chance of uncovering the K, who is relying upon their support. 

2 Kt-B3, with a view to Castling, no doubt better. 

3 Imprudent, as it opens the diagonal for ihe adverse Bishop. 

4 B-Q3, preventing the Knight being planted at K5, would have been better. 

5 Staunton believed P x P would have been sounder play. 

6 A very unusual, ami not a commendable, mode of meeting 1 P-QB1. 

7 If 12 B x i:, 13 Kt-Ui. White has the better situation. 

8 Messrs. Bird and Maedonnell are partial to this opening. Mr. Potter's opinion 

is. that it yields attack only against, a bad defense: all the Pawns on the King's 
side are weak. See Steinitz, note 3, on the last page, to column 11. 

9 Not commendable— the early development of the QB is, in the Irregular open- 

ings, unnecessary. 

10 Zukertort and Iloffer prefer 5 Kt-KB3. 

11 The weak point in the opening. 1 P-KB1 is the difficulty always experienced in 

developing the Q\side, which becomes either weak or blocked. 



136 



Table XCIX— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



19 


20 


21 


22 


23 


24 


C. P. 
Chronicle, 
Sept. 1880, 
p205 

Bird 
Schallop 


Field 

Potter and 

others 

Blackburne 

and others 


Field 

Thorold 
Burn 


Field 

Bird 
Wisker 


Land and 
Water 

Sorensen 
From 


Illustrated 
News 

Wisker 
Zukertort 


1 P-KB4 
1 P-K3 












P-Q4 


P-K4 5 




Kt-KB3 
^ Kt-KB3 




P-K3 




P x P 6 






P-QB4 




P-Q3 




o P-K3 
** B-K2 




Kt-KB3 




P x P 






P-K8 




B x P 




. P-QKt3 
^ 0-0 


B-K2 
P-QKt3 


P-QKt3 


P-B3 


Ivt-KB3 
Kt-KK3 




Kt-KB3 


P-KKt3 




- B-Kt2 
® P-QKt3 


0-0 
B-Kt2 


B-Kt2 


B-K2 
B-Kt2 


P-Q4 

Kt-Kt5 


P-Q3 


Kt-B3 2 


Kt-Kt5 


^ P-QR4 
6 B-Rt2 


P-QKt3 

O-O 


B-Kt5 
B-Q2 


0-0 


B-Kt5 
P-KB3 


P-B3 


P-Q3 


Kt-QBS 9 


m B-Q3 1 
' Kt-B3 


B-Kt2 


0-0 
B-K2 


P-Q4 


B-R4 


Q-R4 


P-Q3 


P-Kt3 


P-KK14 


0-0 


ft 0-0 


P-KR3 


B x Kt 


K-Rsq 


P-KR3 7 


B-Kt5 


Kt-Xsq 


B x B 


Kt-K2 4 


Kt-K6 


QKsq 


q Kt-R3 
Kt-QKt5 


Q-Ksq 
P-QB4 


P-Q3 


Kt-R3 
O-O 


Q-Q3 


Kt-R3 


O-O 


B-B5 


P-QR3 


10 B " K2 

B-K5 


P-KKt4 
Kt-B3 


Kt-K5 


Q-Ksq 
R-Ktsq 


P-KKt4 


Kt-B4 ? 


R-Bsq 3 


IU-B3 8 


B-QB4 


11 p -Q 3 

B-Kt3 


Q-Kt3 
P-Q4 


Kt-Q2 


B-Q2 
Kt-B4 


P-B3 
Ivt-lv2 


P-Q4 


Kt-Ksq 


B-K2 


! 9 Q-Q2 


P-Q3 


R-B3 




B-B2 


P-KR 3 



P-B4 



Kt-Q3 



P-0,5 



QKt-Q4 Kt-B3 



1 B-K2 is better, as the B can not be maintained at this post now without blocking 

his other B by P-B3, to keep out the Kt. 

2 Steinitz says: — "It would be no waste of time to play P-QR3, to prevent B-Kt5, 

for White's KB seems otherwise useless. 

3 What had to be done later might have been done now, perhaps with greater 

advantage— B-Ksq, with aview to preserve both Bishops, followed by Kt-Q2. 

4 8 Kt-KB3 would have been much better; White can now bring every piece into 

play at his leisure. 

5 From's gambit, see articles in Chess Monthly, October and December, 1879, and 

January, 1880. 

6 White can convert the game into the King's Gambit by 2 P-K4. 

7 Decidely the best; if 8 B-B2, 8 Kt x B, 9 K x Kt 9 P-Kt5, etc. 

8 Black could have won the exchange bv 10 P x B, 11 Q-K4ch 11 Q-K2, 12 Q x"B 

12 Kt x Pen, 13 K-Qsq 13 Kt x R, 14 Kt-R3, and as Black's Kt has no escape, the 
move in the text is better. 

9 If 6 Kt or B x P, 7 Q-R4ch, and 8 Q.-K4ch. 



Table C.-IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



137 





25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30 




Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Aug. 1878 
,,71 


Field 


Chess 

Monthly 


Field 




City of 

London 

Magazine, 

p247 




Bird 
Wiuawer 


Zukertort 

Rosenthal 


Brewer 

Nash 


Zukertort 
Potter 


Zukertort 
Anderssen 


Owe]] 

Burn 


1 


P-KB4 
P-QB4 


P-K3 3 

P-Q4! 






P-KB4 


P-Q3 


P-K4? 


p-io: 


P-QK13 


2 


P-K3 
P-K3 


P-Q4 
B-B4 4 


P-QB4 
Kt-KB3 


Kt-K B3 
P-QKt3 


P-HB4 


P-KKt3 


P-K3 


B-Kt2 


3 


P-Q1U3 
P-Q4 


Kt KB3 
P-K3 


£t-QB3 


P-Q4 
B-Kt2 


P-()( 
Kt-K 153 


P-K4 


P-Q4 


P-K3 


4 


B-Kt5ch 
B-Q2 


B-K2 


P-Q4 7 
KP x P 


B-K2 
Kt-KB3 


P-B4 


B-Kt2 


B-Q3 


P-B4 


B-K2 


5 


P-QR4 1 
Kt-QB3 


0-0 


KP x P 


0-0 
B-K2 


P-Q5 
Q-B2 


Kt-K2 


Kt-Q2 


B-QKt5 


P-KK4 


6 


Kt-KB3 
P-B3 2 


P-B4 


Kt-B3 
Kt-K5 


P-B4 
O-O 


Kt-KB3 


P-KR4 


P-QB3 


B-K2 


P-KKt4 


7 


0-0 
B-Q3 


Kt-B3 
KKt-B3 


Q-Kt3 


Kt-B3 


B-K2 


P xP 


Q-K2 


P-Q4 


O-O 


KB xP 


8 


P-Q4 
P-QR3 


Kt-Q2 5 
Kt-K5 6 


B-K3 
O-O 


P-QKt3 
Kt-K5 


0-0 

P-QKt3 


B x B 


Qx B 


9 


B x Kt 


QKt x Kt 


B-K2 8 


Kt x Kt 


Kt-B3 


Kt-Q2 


B xli 


P x Kt 


Kt-QB3 


P x Kt 


P-QK3 


Kt-QB3 


10 


B-R3 


Pv-Ksq 


P-B5 


Kt-Q2 


P-QKt3 


Kt-K 134 


P x P 


O-O 


R-Ksq 


B-Q3 


B-Kt2 


Kt-B3 


11 


Kt xP 
B x B 


P-QR3 
B-Kt3 


0-0 


P-B4 
P-KB4 


B-Kt2 


Kt-B3 


B x Kt 


P-QKt4 


Q-Kt4 


12 


QKt x E 
B-Q2 


P-QKU 
P-KB4 


P x B 
B-Q2 


B-Kt2 


P x KP 


0-0 


K-B3 


QP x P 


O-O-O 


1 An eccentric move, which M: 


r. Bird will 


piny in these 


close Opcnin 


CT S. 


2 To provide as: 


ainst the looming Queen 


's Fianchetto, 


but Kt-B3, 


followed by 



B-K'_', seems to provide against that danger, while being preferable in other 
respects. 

3 Vant Kruy's opening. An opening well to be recommended against an oppo- 

nent who persistently refuses to play an open game as second player. It is al- 
ways better in that case to anticipate the close right in a way similar to the 
above. 

4 Black develops the QB on the K side, ami thus leaves some weakness on the 

other wing. Steinitz recommends the general practice of shutting in the B 
by P-K3, reserving its use for the Q side. 

5 Liberties of this sort may be taken in the development of the close game, yet 

Kt-Ktsq looks better. 

6 An original and ingenious method of dealing with the close game. It sets the 

ordinary notions of Pawn placement at defiance, and the progress of this 
game shows that he does not run much risk in this deviation from the accepted 
principles. 

7 1 P x P 4 Kt x P, f> Kt-B3 would give White a slight superiority. 

8 If 9 P x P, Black replies 9 R-Ksq, threatening 10 Kt x P. 



138 



Table CI.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 



9 

10 

11 

12 



31 



Potter 
Steinitz 

P-Q4 



32 

c. P. 

Chronicle, 

Mav 18S0, 

p'101 

Goring 



33 

Lanrl and 
Water 



Steinitz 



34 



Barnes 
Minckwitz Zukertort Perrin 



35 

c. P. 

Companion, 

P 318 



Staunton 



36 

Westmin- 
ster Papers, 
Dee. 1875, 
p 146 

Potter 



St. Amant Zukertort 



P-KB4 








P-QB4 


P-Q4 


P-K4 




P-KKt3 


P-QB4 


PQ5 


P-KKt3 


P x P 




Kt-KB3 


P-K3 


P-B4 5 


Kt-KB3 


Kt-QB3 




B-Kt2 


P-QK3 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q3 


B-Kt2 


Kt-KB3 


P-K3 


Kt-KB3 


P-K3 


B-KKt5 




Kt-KB3 
B-K2 


Kt-QB3 
P-QKt3 


Kt-B3 
KL-KB3 


P-QB3 


P-B3! 


P-K3 


P-QKt3 6 


B x Kt 


B x Kt 


P-B4 

B-Kt5oh 


P-K3 


B-Kt5 
P-K4 


P-B3 


KPxB 


Q x B 


B-Kt2 


B-Kt2 


Kt x P 


Kt xP 
Q-Kt3 


KKt-Q2 

Kt-K5? 


Kt-B3 


P-K4 


Kt-KR3 


Q-Kt3! 1 


B-K2 


P-QR3 


P-B4 


B-Q3 


B-Q3 
QxP 


B x Kt 
P x B 


B-K2 


P x P 


Kt-B2 


P-Q4 


0-0 


B x P 


Kt-B3 


Kt-QB3 


Q-K5ch 


0-0 
B x Kt 


P-QKt4 4 K1-KR4 
Kt-K5 B-B.-q 


B-Kt5 


Q x KtP 


P-K13 


B-K2 7 


KKt-K2 


Q-K5 
Q x It 


Kt x B 


B-Kt2 


B-Q3 


P-K3 


B-Q3 


P-Q4 


B-KB3 


P-KKta 


0-0 


0-0 


Q x R 


P-B3 
KP x P3 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 


0-0 
B-K2 


B x Kt 


0-0 


Q x KKtch 


B x B 


K-Ktsq 


K-Q2 
Q x R 2 


R xP 
Kt-B3 


Kt-Q2 


P-B4 
P-B5 


P-KB4 8 


Q-K6 


B-E5 


P x P 


R-Kt3 


Kt-B6ch 


P-K3 


P-Kt3 


B x BP 


BP x P 



Q-R4 



Q-K2 



B-KKt4 P x P 



R-Bsq 



1 This move, introduced by Steinitz for the first time in this game, transfers the 

advantage to Black. 

2 11 Q x BP might have enabled Black to escape, but after this move the game can 

not be saved. 

3 If 10 P-KG, 11 Kt-Ktsq, and Black must lose a Pawn. 

4 P-Q5 is a move deserving of consideration hero. If the Pawn can be maintained 

on that square White will have the better game; but it is an open question 
whether Black can not win the Pawn. 

5 St. Amant deprived this bizarre defense from Benoni. 

6 To establish B at Kt2, which prevents any advance of the adverse center; it 

opens also to the Bishop the important square K3. 

7 P x P, leaving the adverse KP weak was perhaps preferable, although it opened 

the QB3 to the Kt. 

8 Necessary to prevent P-K4. 



9 
10 
11 
12 



Table CTI.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 139 



37 38 39 40 

Field Field Land and Field 

\\ ater 

Potter Skipworth Owen Burn 

Zukertort Burii Wisker Owen 

P-Q4 P-QKt3 P-KKt3 



P-Q4 P-K4 P-K3 P-K4 

P-K3 B-Kt2 B-Kt2 B-Kt2 



Kt-KB3 P-KB3 3 P-KB4 lM^i 

B-Q3 1 P-K3 P-K3 P-Q3 



P-K3 P-Q4 KL-KB3 Kt-KB3 5 

Kt-KB3 Kt-K2 _ P-QB4 P-KB4 

JMM Kt-KR3 B7K2 ~ FTP 

0-0 Kt-KU! P-QR3 QB x P 



Kt-B3 B-K3 P-Q3 B-Q3 

P-QB3 P-QB4 P-Q4 B-Kt5 



B-Q3 P-B3 O-O P-B3 

Kt-B3 B-K2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3 



P-QKi3 U-Q3 P-QKt3 OKt-Q2 

P-QIU3 0-0 P-Kt3 Kt-B3 



O-O O-O B-Kt2 O-O 

B-Kt2 P-Q3 B-Kt2 P- K4 

B-Kt2 Jvt-Q2 ~ lvt-K5 

Q-K2 Kt-B3 0-0 



R-Bsq P-Pv3 4 Kt-Q2 

KR-Q?q B-B3 Kt-Ksq 




F x P 2 Kt-Kt3 Qlvt-B3 Kt-lvto 

PxP P-K4? P-B3 O-O 



R-Ksq P-Q5 Kl-Ktl K>-Qb4 



1 Inferior to.3 P-QB-1. If done to take the opponent out of the books, it gives up 

the advantage of the first move, for the second player actually takes the initi- 
ative on his fourth move. 

2 Not a moment too soon. It would have been most disadvantageous to allow 

White to exchange Pawns, and thus open room for the tiction of his R and QB. 

3 The most efficient move to counteract the action of the adverse Bishop. 

4 To prevent White from exchanging the QP, followed by Kt-Kt5. and afterwards 

B-QB3 if Black retreated B-Ktsq. 

5 Steinitz counsels 3 P-KB4; if White then answer 4 P-KB4, the second player 

might bring out 4 Kt-QB3, and White's KP would have to remain stationary 
for'some time. 

6 The attack here instituted does not appear as promising as the material advan- 

tage of a Pawn, which Black neglects to obtain. 



APPENDIX. 



Upon reviewing the examples, on the completion of the printing- of the Tables, the 
compiler has discovered that the logical conclusions to be drawn from the analysis 
is, in some cases, of a misleading character. This is not of frequent occurrence, 
and does not happen in the variations which are most practiced. Page 114, Column 
8, is an illustration, copied from the Handbuch, and given in favor of Black, but 
White might play as in the foot-note 9. The Chess Monthly says, the best continuation 
in this variation is 4 Kt-QB3; and if Black play 4 Kt-KB3, 5 B-B4; and if 4 Kt-QB3, 

5 B-Kt5. 

It is a source of regret that a better move is frequently pointed out in a foot-note. 

The compiler offers his apologies for these irregularities, and can only crave in- 
dulgence, on account of the labor involved in selecting, recording, and revising the 
Tables. He trusts the Reviewers will point out the improvements, for the consider- 
ation of the Student. 

BUY LOPEZ.— Table X. Column 5.— Chess Monthly says, 6 P-B3 is inferior to 

6 O-O, which gives White the; better game, whether Black continues P-QKt4 or 
P-Q3 or Q-K2. 

Table XIII. Column 19. — We have passed over the variation 4 P-Q3 with the re- 
mark that the positions that occur are similar to the positions before examined in 
the P-QR3 defense, but should point out a note from Chess Monthly, which says that 
Black may safely reply to 4 P-Q3 with 4 B-B4, and then if 5 P-B3, 5 0-0. 

SCOTCH GAMBIT.— Table XVII. Column 15.— Zukertort prefers the follow- 
ing line of defense for Black:— 7 Kt-K4, 8 B-K2 S Q-KKt3, 9 0-0 9 P-Q4, leading to a 
better game. 

Table XVII. Column 16.— This important attack, introduced by L. Paulsen, is very 
strong. We can not find many examples, but present a few, without expressing an 
opinion as to their comparative merits. 



Goring 
Zukertort 

B-QKt5 
Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 
B-Kt5ch 
Kt-B3 



10 

11 

12 
13 



Q-KKto 

Q-B3 

P-QB3 

B-R4 1 

P-Q4 

P-K5 

Tu5 

0-0 
B-Kt5 



0-0 



i; 


x Kt 


P 


x B 


Q 


x KP 


B-Ksq 



q-m 



Max Judd 
Mackenzie 



O-O 

0-0 
P-Q3 • 
Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 
B x B 
UP x B 
B-Q-l 
Q-Kto 
P-KB4 
U-Kto 
Q-Ksq 
P-KB4 



Kt 


x Kt 


QP 

B x 


x Kt 
B 


P x 
B x 


B 
Kt 



Blackburne 
Gunsberg 



Kt-Qsq 
0-0 

Kt-Q2 



P-Q4 
B-Q3 



Q x B 



B-Q3 
P x P 



Q-Ro 
QKt-B3 

P-QB4 
P-QB4 



P-Q3 


Q-B.5 


Q-Kt3 


Q-li4- 


KKt-B3 


B-K2! 


B xKt 


P x B 



P-B4 



1 B-B4 is considered better by the Chess Monthly. 



Table LXXXIX. Column C— Sicilian Defense. 

EEEATA- This Col. should read 3 Kt-KB3, 4 P-Q4 4 P x P, 5 Kt x P 5B-QKt5, etc. 
After 3 Kt-QB3, 4 P-Q4 4 P x P, 5 Kt x P, the move 5 B-Kt5 occurred in two 
games between Zukertort and Blackburne, with the following continuations: 

(1) 6 Kt-Kt5 6 Kt-B3, 7 P-QR3 7 B x Ktch, S Kt x B 8 0-0, 9 B-K2 9 P-Q4, 10 P x P 
10 P x P, etc. 

(2) 6 Kt x Kt! 6 KtP x Kt, 7 Q-Q4 7 B-Bsq! 8 B-KB4 8 P-B3, 9 B-Kt3 9 Q-Kt3, etc. 

(140) 



THE 



AMERICAN SUPPLEMENT TO THE "SYNOPSIS," 



CONTAINING 



American Inventions In the Chess Openings 



TOGETHER WITH 



Fresh Analysis in the Openings Since 1882 



ALSO A LIST OF 



CHESS CLUBS IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. 



Jy 



EDfTE!) I:V 

J. W. MILLER, 

Editorial Staff of the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. 



CINCINNATI: 

ROBERT CLARKE & CO., 

1884. 



PREFACE. 



The editor does not assume to be an analyst of chess apart from 
the army of chess players who have given thought and study to the 
openings, and played them for many years. The body of analysis in 
the German Handbuch is the product of ten thousand minds; and the 
best analysts have not been infallible, as witness the declaration of 
Howard Staunton that the Sicilian was the best opening for the second 
player. The chess openings come into and go out of fashion without 
much regard for individual preferences; and they stand on shifting 
ground, sometimes strengthened temporarily by a new line of play, 
and again laid on the shelf as the novelty is fully dissected and its 
weak points made known. It is certainly desirable to put on record 
all noteworthy ideas in the openings; and this is the aim of the editor, 
especially for those originating on this side of the Atlantic. Space will 
also be given to the freshest foreign analysis. Nearly three years 
have elapsed since the third edition of Cook's "Synopsis" was pub- 
lished. Since its appearance there have been memorable International 
Chess Congresses in London, Vienna, and Nuremberg, and several 
chess matches between the great masters. The proof reading of this 
volume has been carefully supervised, the editor regarding this as one 
of the vital things in the publication of chess works. His warm 
thanks are due to many American lovers of chess for valuable sugges- 
tions and assistance in collecting material. 



143 



RECENT PRACTICE IN THE OPENINGS OF THE BEST 

PLAYERS. 

It may be taken for granted that the chess master never reveals his 
opinion of the various openings so unmistakably as when he meets 
other chess kings over the board in the International Chess Congresses. 
He will skirmish and experiment in off-hand play, and give much at- 
tention to the hazardous moves of current analysis in the periodical 
press, but when confronting another player of the highest ability he 
becomes conservative, and his chess, in the openings at least, takes a 
narrower range. In the International Tournaments at Vienna, 1873, 
and Paris, 1878, the gambits were neglected, not one game in ten 
being a gambit. In the International Tournament, Paris, 1878, four 
gambits were declined and accepted in one hundred and two games. 
As the late Mr. John Wisker said in 1880: 'The present generation 
of chess-players seem to have convinced themselves that serious games 
are not to be won by tripping up the adversary in the opening, but by 
sound calculation and judgment in the middle of the game, and accu- 
rate play at the end. We do not regret the change. It puts an end 
to gambit-mongering — to getting an opening by rote, and playing it off 
against an unwary adversary — and brings the functions of the chess- 
player to their legitimate bearings. Chess under the congress system 
is likely to become more a matter of science, and less a thing of quips 
and cranks, than it has been heretofore. As to 'lively chess' we hold 
the opinion that the openings without sacrifices present abundant 
scope for brilliant combinations. It must be remembered, moreover, 
that five-sixths of the lively games recorded in print have arisen from 
weak moves by players innocent of great intricacies." 

In August, 1882, Mr. G. Reichhelm, of Philadelphia, one of the vet- 
eran analysts of the United States, wrote, in answer to a correspond- 
ent's question : "Are gambits sound?" that "the theoretical verdict 
is constantly changing. In the Muzio, Allgaier, Ivieseritzky, and 
Evans gambits the defense is at present considered to have the best of 
it, the strong point against the Evans being the so-called compromised 
defense. The Ruy Lopez opening is the strongest debut in which no 
sacrifice is made, but all the gambits are practically sound, for the at- 
tack generally wins two-thirds of the games." 

The Vienna International Tournament, in the summer of 188.2, lasted 
for over a month. We find but two gambits (Evans and Allgaier) in 
the collection of forty-two games of that congress published by Mr. A. 
Or. Sellman, of Baltimore. The London Congress of 1883, was the 
greatest of chess gatherings in its proportions and duration. Mr. 



144 



Thomas Long, the distinguished analyst, after summarizing the open- 
ings at the congress, reaches the following conclusions : 

1. That the Regular Openings, as against the Irregular, are the 
favorites by upward of 3 to 1. 

2. That amongst the Regular Openings the open games predominate 
by about 100 to 80 over the close ones. 

3. That the open Regular, the Ruy Lopez, is first favorite, by a small 
majority, over the first close Regular, the French, viz., as 53 to 49. 

4. That in the Ruy Lopez, the favorite defense is 3 P to QR3, by 27 
to 19, 4 and 3, respectively. 

5. That different players adopt various moves at the same stage in 
the same opening. 

6. That the same players also adopt different moves at the same 
stage in the same opening. 

7. That chess practice shows that at almost every step in each varia- 
tion of all the openings there are several roads equally safe, and that, 
according to the temperament of the player at the time, or in accord- 
ance with his ordinary style of play, will such and such a move be 
selected. 

8. That the best players at times adopt moves — even in important 
tourneys — which they condemn, as is evidenced in several of the late 
congress games. 

9. That there is scarcely in any chess opening one particular move or 
form of play universally accepted as the best, even amongst the magnates 
of the game, although there are some generally preferred, and, there- 
fore, so far, approaching finality in the favorite "openings" of chess. 

Mr. J. IL. Blackbnrne, in summing up the London Congress of 1883, 
in which he participated, said: "No striking novelties have been 
introduced by any of the players. The Ruy Lopez, as in all previous 
tournaments, has been the most frequent debut. Zukertort, in his 
openings, generally won on the Queen's side by adopting the English 
and the Queen's gambit. Blackburne, Mason, Sellman, and Noa, have 
persistently adopted the French defense. The Guioco Piano has also 
more frequently been resorted to in this than in former tournaments. 
No fewer than eighty-one games — or exactly one half of the won 
games — were draws." 

During Mr. Zukertort' s recent visit to New Orleans, he expressed his 
lack of faith in the King's Knight's gambit, and the King's Bishop's 
gambit in particular. As a first move he condemns P to KB4, for 
either first or second playei\ He declared 3 P to KB4 a lost game 
for the defense in the Ruy Lopez, agreeing there with the " Synopsis," 
page 29. He approved of the Queen's pawn opening and the Evans 
attack. 

The foregoing remarks show two things : First, that the masters in 
supreme contests do not risk their reputation on gambits ; second, that 
analysis of the chess openings is still in a transitfpn stage. Such being 



145 



the case, new ideas are welcome : and the eventual disposition of them 

is not always to be guessed. They will serve, in any event, to give 
variety to the game; while the surprises and neat little schemes of the 
gambits will never be disrelished. It often happens to beginners in 
chess that an antagonist makes a move or adopts a line of play at an 
early stage that seems invincible. In such a case the "Synopsis" will 
hardly fail to aid the student-quickly, and often suggest a counter line 
to turn the tables; for some of the bits of strategy most troublesome 
to learners are wholly unsound. A good manual in the openings is 
indispensable to the player who would improve and keep step with the 
progress of chess. Such a text-book embodies the chess wisdom of 
centuries, and productions of the mental ingenuity of all nations, 
civilized and half civilized. Yet analysis of the chess openings is not 
finished. There are, doubtless, errors to remove and important dis- 
coveries to be made. 

The game of chess is better known throughout the world now than 
any other aesthetic human invention. It is the first thing, and the 
only thing thus far to gain admittance into the poet's "parliament of 
man, the federation of the world." It is the first language to spread 
around the globe, none the less expressive for dispensing with words, 
and none the less intelligible for its unerring appeal to reason and 
mental concentration, rather than to the diplomacy of the tongue. 
The communion of two minds at chess is not subject to the limits of 
language or nationality. Some knowledge of so universal a pastime 
should be regarded as a necessary accomplishment for all. 



146 



THE EVANS GAMBIT. 

This beautiful gambit is still in great favor. In tournament, as in off- 
hand play, the attack wins a majority of games. Analysis has not yet 
found an entirely satisfactory defense against the Evans. Mr. Zukertort is 
of the opinion that the Compromised is the best of the defenses. For 
rapid, sparkling, intricate play this gambit is second to no other; and an- 
alysts are constantly called on to examine new lines of attack that may be 
adopted after a dozen moves have been played on each side. The varia- 
tions in the following pages present some forcible ideas. 



5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 



Table CIII.— EVANS GAMBIT. 147 



P-K4 Kt-K B3 B-B4 P-QKt4 F-B3 

•^ 17* <•"■» HO « W I.M * 1» .. T> O _ 



P-K4 w Kt-yB3 " B-B4 T BxP 



B-B4 


B-K4 


0-0 


P-Q4 


P-Q3 


P x P 


P-Q4 


O-O 


P xP 


P x P4 


P x P 


Q-Kt3 


B-Kt3 


Q-B3 


Kt-QB3 


P-K5 



Kt-K4 Q-Kt3 

B-KKt5 1 Kt x P 



P KB3 2 KKt-K2 

B-B4 B-K3 5 R-Qsq 10 



Kt x B QR-Ktsq 6 O-O P-QKt4 

Q-Pv4ch Kt-Q5 ! 7 __ B-R3 Kt x P 

Q-Q2 Kt x Kt ! P-Kt4 P-QR3 K-QKtl 

Q x Kt B x Kt Kt x Kt B-Q3 B-Q3 

QB2 ~ P-QKt4 8 Kt x Kt Q^K3 QrK3 ' Q-Kt5 13 

Kt-Q5! 3 P-K6 + B x Kt Kt-Q5 Q-Kt2 

P-KK14 ~~ K x B R-Kl "~ P-QR3 

B-Kt3 Q-R3ch Kt-Kt5 QKt-Q4 12 

B-K3 K-Kl ! Q x P 

Q-R4ch Q x B B x Pch 

B-Q2 P x B K-Bl 



KR-Kl Q-QG 



-.^ Q-R3 Q x BP KtxKtf 11 

R-Bsq Q-Kt3 

18 
19 
20 



P-Kt5 Q x Q 

Kt x B P x Q 



RP x Kt B-R3 

Kt-Q2 + KR-Kch 



For Notes see next page. 



148 Table GUI. continued— EVANS GAMBIT. 



1 This move is disapproved on page 59 of the " Synopsis," but the British Chess 

Magazine for May, 1884. says: "There is now reason to believe that it is the 
most potent form of the attack." In the London Congress, 18S3, Tschigorin 
made this move against Steinitz, and won on the 39th move. 

2 Best. If 10 Kt-K2 10 Q-K2 is very cramping. 

3 Instead of 14 Q-Q3, as given in the " Synopsis," leading to a winning game for 

Black. The move in the text is the invention of Rosenthal. Black can not re- 
ply Kt- K2 or B-Q2 without losing a P, and his development becomes very diffi- 
cult. The succeeding moves are from the Tsehigorin-Steinitz game referred 
to, which will be found in the Book of the London Congress. 

4 The Compromised Defense. 

5 Now generally preferred to 11 Kt-K2. M. Zukertort says it gives the most lasting 

form of attack in the "Compromised." The other plausible moves are 
11 R-Ksq and 11 R-Qsq, lately suggested by Mr. W. N. Potter. 

6 Herr Anderssen was experimenting with this move at the time of his death. 

Mr. Mortimer played it against both Steinitz and Zukertort at the London Con- 
gress, 1884. 

7 Recognized as a better continuation than the " Handbuch's " 12 Kt-QKt5. 

S Mortimer played this move against Tschigorin in the London Congress; and 

13 Kt-Ql against Zukertort in the same meeting. He should have lost both 
games. Black's 11 QR-Ktsq is unsatisfactory. 

9 With a fine attack. 

10 Mr. W. N. Potter's recent suggestion. The variations are from his analysis in 

"Land and Water." 

11 Mr. Potter says: "Mate next move, save for a useless check. If 15Q-Kt5or Q-R3, 

then 16 Kt-B6eh, and wins: or (in the latter case) 16 B x Pch as before. After 

14 Kt-Q5, there is 14 Kt x Kt; 15 B x Pch, followed bv 15 B x R; or 14 B-IU5; 

15 B x B, Kt x B; 16 Q x Kt, Kt x Kt; 17 B x Pch, followed by Q x R, with a com- 
fortable superiority in each case. We would, however, desire to point out that 
after 11 R-Qsq, O-O, White can at once play 12 B-Q3, Q-K3; 13 B x Pch, K-Rsq: 

14 Q-R4, P-KKt3; 15 Q-R3, or 15 B-Kt5, or 15 Kt-KKt5, with a warm attack in 
each case. There is also 14 B-Kt5, 15B-Ktsq, or 15 B-Q3, or 15 B-QR3, with 
more or less satisfactory results. Altogether we do not think that 11 0-0 will 
be generally adopted." 

12 If Black takes the Queen he loses the Gambit Pawn; and if ho play Q-Q4, then 

15 Kt-Kt3, and White seems to have at least as good a game as in the normal 
grooves of this opening. As to 11 R-QKtsq, White answers 12 P-QR4, and 
smiles. There remains now brt 11 B-Kt3, 12 Q-R3 (among other replies) 12 0-0, 
13 Kt-K2, or 13 B KB4, or 13 B-Q3, with a sense of comfort. Altogether we 
think that we have made good our case, which is, that 11 R-Qsq ought to be 
reckoned as a candidate for adoption. We purpose dealing with PQ-Kt4, and 
our ideas will crop out in the form of additional variations. To proceed: 
11 R-Qsq, P-Q1U4; 12 KtxP, R-QKtsq; 13 B-Q3, Q-K3; 14 Q-R4, P-QR3; 15 Q x B, 
R x Kt; or P x Kt (if KtxQ, then KtxPch, with an undoubted advantage): 

16 Q x BP, and White has rather the better game. Instead of 14 P-QR3 Black 
may play 14 B-R3. White has three replies, viz.: 15QxB, 15 KtxPch, and 

15 QKt-Q4. The two last named continuations, branch out into a luxurious 
display of variations and sub-variations, some of them highly interesting. As 
net result, White, adopting any one of these three replies, can at least stand his 
ground. 

13 This may seem formidable, but, as a matter of fact, there are two replies— one 

being 14 P-KR3, Q-QKt5; 15 Q x Q, B x Q; 16 Kt x Pch K-Qsq (K-Bsq; 17 B-KB4); 

17 Kt-QKt5, P-QR3; 18 Kt-Q6, B-B6; 19 R-Ktsq, or Kt x Pch, and White for 
choice. Instead of 15 B x Q, Black may play 15 Kt x Q, whereforel 6KtxRP, 
Kt x B; 17 Rx Kt, and, while claimingno superiority for White, wemustexpress, 
doubt whether his bold bid for a numerical superiority can be proved to be a 
disastrous stroke for him. However, there is the other answer, viz.: 14 B-K2 
(instead of P-KR3). If Black reply with P-QR3, then 15 Kt-Kt5, Q-B4, best; 

16 P-Kt4, with a promising attack. If Black answer 14 B-K2, with Q-QKt5, 
then 15QxQ, KtxQ (BxQ, 16 KtxPch); 16 B-Q2, withagood game. Alto- 
gether there seems to be plenty of scope for the analyst in 11 R-Qsq, answered, 
byP-QKt4. Our method (continues Mr. Potter) of improving the attack is im- 
pugned by "W. W.," than whom there is no more eminent authority amongst 
English analysts. He writes as follows : If vour move of 11 KR-Qsq is met bv 
11 O-O, and White then plays 12B-R3, Black's reply should be 12 P-QKt4, not P-QR3, 
which loses too much time; and if 12 B-Q3, not 32 Q-K3 (which is all right before 
castling), but 12 Q-R4, and I can not see that the attack is at all strengthened. 
We mentioned two continuations for White, namely, 12 B-R3, and 13 B-Q3. 
These are the continuations which " W. W." takes up; he replying to the for- 
mer with P-QKtl, and to the latter with Q-R4. After premising that these 
moves are of such importance that they ought to be considered, though we 



Table CIII. continued— EVANS GAMBIT. 149 



found it necessary to limit ourselves previously to more patent defenses, wo 
will proceed to express our ideas analytically: il R-Qsq, O-O; 12 B-R3, P-QKt4; 
L3B-Q3, Q-R4; 11 Kt-Kl. P-Kt5; 15 Kt-Kt3, Q-Kt5; 16 B-Kt2, with a game such 
as any expert would be well satisfied with. White might also have proceeded with 
L6P-KR3, Q-K3; 17 B-B4, Q-Kt3; 18 B-QBsq, with a satisfactory game, nor will 
ii have been lost sight of that he could, ii so choosing, have forced a draw in 
this variation. As 11 P-Kt5 evidently conforms to White's desires, we must see if 
Black can do any thins bettor. 14 B-Kt2 would be sufficiently met bv 1"> If x Kt, 
Kt x B; 16 Q x KtP, with a good game. 14 B-Kt3 admits of 15 B x KtP, R-Ktsq; 
16Q-Q3, R-Ksq: 17 QB x Kt, Kt x B, best; lSBxP, R-Qsq; 19 B-KKt4, RxQ, 
best; 20 B x Q, and White has regained both the Gambit Pawns. Theprettiness 
of this variation, arising as it does from l(i R-Ksq, which is Blaek's most plau- 
sible move, is sufficient justification for giving it, but the very defensive move 
of 16 R-Qsq was better. However, as against that line, White would be content 
with having regained one of the Gambit Pawns without having suffered in 
position. If brilliancy be White's object, he mav answer 16 R-Qsq, with 
17 Kt-B6ch, PxKt; 18 P x P, B x Pch, if Kt-K3, then (B x Kt) 19 K x B, QxB; 
20QxQ, RxQ: 21 P x Kt, R-Ksq: 22QR-Bsq; but we do not mean to say that 
we recommend this course. Still the fact that White lias so many resources 
open to his selection would of itself cause 14 B-Kt3 to be shirked, even were 
that move in itself good. There is, however, 14 R-Ktsq, but that is so .slow a 
method of proceeding that we would simply answer it with 15 P-KR3. How- 
ever, lest we mav have gone beyond the reader's range, let us retrace our steps: 
11 R-Qsq, 0-0; 12 B-R3, P-QKt4: 13BQ3, Q-R4; 14 Kt-K4.* R-Ktsq; 15 P-KR3, 
and we should look upon the game as undoubtedly in White's favor, for now 
he threatens Kt from K4-Kt5, with direful effects. Should the Knight get there, 
Black can not play P-KR3, as hitherto, on account of P-KKt4, nor can he play 
P-KR3 beforehand to prevent its getting there, for then comes another destruct- 
ive move, viz.: Kt-Kt3. It is clear, therefore, 15P-KH3 must be attended to. 
Some may suggest, as a reply, 15 P-Kto: 16 B-Kt2, Kt-Kt3: but then 17 Kt-K«, 
Q-R3; 18 B-QBsq, Kt-B5; 19 Kt-B5, winning a piece, which is good enough, 
though we imagine that White could also have profitably played 17 Kt from 
Ktl Kto. [fere we must leave the variations arising from 12 B-R3, P-QKt4; 
while as to 12 B -Q3, Q-R4, we will content ourselves for yie present with pro- 
posing 13 B-R3, P-QKt4, 14 Kt-K4, which is the same line of play arising by 
transposition. 

*An article in the BritUh Chess Magazine for May, calls this move a real novelty, 
ami adds: " Clearly, in Mr. Potter's own words, 11 R-Ql, for White, in the 
Compromised Defense, is a candidate for adoption." 



150 



Table CXV.-EVANS GAMBIT. 



P-K4 



11 



P-K4 
P-Q4 
P x P 
B-Q3 



O-O 



2 
7 
12 



IU-KB3 
Kt-QB3 

O-O 

P-Q3 
QKt-B3 



B-B4 



Kt-KKt3 



13 



B-B4 
P x P 

B-Kta 

QKt-K2 



P-QB4 



A P-QKt4 


4 BxP 


P-Q5 

Q 


d Kt-R4 


Q-Q2 



P-B3 



10 



B-B4 
B-QKt2 
Kt-K2 
QR-QB1 



P-KB3 



16 



QKt-KKt3 
B-QB2 



17 



QKt-B5 
PQ-Kt4 



18 



K-Rl 



P-QB5 



19 



15 K-QKtl 
B-K2 



P-QKt5 1 



10 



11 



12 



20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 



B xQBP 2 
Kt xB 

RxKt 

B-QR3 
R x B 
Q x R 3 
R-QBsq 
Q-Q2! 

KKt-Q4 

Kt-K2 "" Kt-K4 
QKtxKKtP! KK1-K6 



KR-QB1 
KKt-K6 



Q-KKt5 4 Kt-QB5 R-KB2 
QKt-B5 R x Kt P-KR3 6 



Kt-K4 R x Rch 

KKt xKtPQ x R 



Kt x Kt 
Kt x Kt 



x KP 5 



B x R Kt-B5 Q-QK5 Kt-QB5 Q-Kt4 

QKt x KtP Q-Q4 B x Kt Kt-K6 QKt x KtP 

Kt x B QP x B Q x Kt Q-B8ch 

R-B7 QKt x KtP Kt x K6ch Q x Q 



R-KB2 
Kt-KB5 
B x RP 

Q-Kt5ch + 



Q-QR5 
R x R 



K x Kt 
Kt x R 



K x R 

Q x QRPch 

R-Kt2 

KtxQPch-} 



K x Kt 
R-B7ch 



K-B 1! 
Q-KB4 + 



B x Q 
Kt-B5 



K-Kt3 
Q-K3 



K-B2 ! 
KtxQPch + 



Q-Q8ch 

K-R2 

Q-KR4 

Q x QRP + 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CIV.-EVAN3 GAMBIT. 151 



Notes to page 150. 



1 This page is devoted to a game between Louisville (White) and Chicago. An 

analysis of it, by the late Hon. Bland Ballard, of Kentucky, was published in 
the Louisville Monthly Magazine, from which these notes are condensed. 

2 The books proceed 20 B-Ql 20 P-BC, 21 Q-Ql 21 B-Kt3, 22 P-QR3, and call the game 

even. 

3 If B x R White mates in four moves. 

4 If K x Kt 26 R-QB7 2(5 Q x R, 27 Kt-KOch +. If Q-Kt5, 27 R x Ktch +. 

5 Immediately fatal: but Black's game is lost. If K-Rl, 28 P-B3 2s Q-K'c,', 

29 Kt x QP KR-KEtl, 30P-KIU1+. If Q-R4, 28 P-KU Q-R6, 20 Q-B4 QR-QS1, 

30 Kt-Rtich +. 

6 White can not play 26 R-B7, because Blade would reply Q-QKt4, threatening 

mate. Judge Ballard is, therefore, of the opinion that White, on his 18th move, 
should play P-KR3, instead of the book move, K-Rsq. 



152 Table CV.— EVANS GAMBIT. 



2 
3 
4 

5 
6 
7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 



13 14 15 16 



P-K4 
1 M4~ 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-QB3 

B-B4 

B^Bl 

F-QKt4 

B x P 

P-QB3 

B-K2 1 B-Bl 7 

Q-Kt3 P-Q4 P-Q4 

Kt-Pv3 Kt-QR4 4 QJK2 

P-Q4 Kt x KP 5 Q-Q3 0-0 



Kt-K4 Kt x B Kt x B P-Q3 

Q-B4 Kt x Kt Q x Kt Q-Kt3 

Kt x B P-Q4 _ Kt-KB3 FKKt3 

Q x Kt P x P Kt x P P x P 



Kt-Kt5 2 Q x P O-O P x P 

P-KK3 3 Kt-K3 — P-Q.", R-Qsq 



Kt-B3 Q-Qsq — Kt x KP B-R3 

P x P — Q x Kt QKt-Q2 



P-Q4 — B-KB3 Q-B3 

0-0 B-R3 + 

Kll-Kl 6 



1 This move is pronounced bad on page 52 (Cols. 1 and 2) of the " Synopsis." The 

variations here presented are from the Schachzeituhg, 1879. 

2 This move is not given in the " Synopsis." 

3 White could probably do better by waiting and developing. 

4 P x P is the move in Cook. 

5 If 7 B-Q3 7 KP x P, or 7 B-QIU3 7 Kt-KBS. 

6 Game played bv correspondence. Continued: 13 P-KBt 13 P-Q3, 14 R-B3 

14 P x Kt, 15 P-B5 15 P-KKt3. 16 P x P 1(5 BP x P, 17 QB-R3 17 QB-KR-1, 
18 R x B 18 P x R, 19 Q x BP 19 B-IvKt?, 20 Q-K4 20 Q-KB3, 21 Kt-Q2 21 Q-KB. r >, 
22R-Qsq 22 B-KB1, 23 B-Bl 23 B-B4ch. 21 K-Rl 24 R-KB1, 25 Q x Q 25 R x Q, 
26Kt-B3 2G R-B4, 27 P-KR3 27 P-K5, 28 Kt-Kt5 28 QR-KB1 +. 

7 Played by Mr. Steinitz against Tschigorin, in the Vienna Congress, 1882. Mr. 

Tschigorin (White) won on the 40th move. 



153 



THE KNIGHT'S GAME OF RUY LOrEZ. 

This powerful attack is adopted oftener than any other in the open games 
m match and tournament play. It is also a favorite in correspondence 
games, Paris playing it, the present year against Vienna, and Edinburgh 
against Glasgow. It is one of the most common openings witnessed in 
clubs and off-hand play. In a recent article, in the " British Chess Maga- 
zine," Mr. Freeboreugh says: " The difference of opinion that exists with 
regard to the defense to the Lopez, shows that the true theory has yet to be 
discovered. It is still undetermined whether it is better to play 3 P-QR3, or 
let the first player's Bishop stand on QKt5. The latter has been held of late 
to be the only 'absolutely correct defense.' The 'Synopsis' alludes to 
8 P-QR3 as a loss of time in certain variations. Mr. Steinitz has repeatedly 
pointed out its disadvantages. In the earlier part of the London Tourna- 
ment (1883) Zukertort played 3 Kt-KB3, but later he played 3 P-QR3, his 
opponents being Steinitz, Winawer, Rosenthal, and Mackenzie. As an an- 
notator he i.s silent on the subject." The Ruy Lopez was adopted 53 times 
in the London Congress, which was more than one-fourth the number of 
games played. The second players adopted for their third move P-QR3 
twenty-seven times, Kt-KB3 nineteen times, P-KKt3 four times, and Kt-Q5 
three times. Nine of the players — out of fourteen — adopted 3 P-QI13, and 
five chose 3 Kt-KB3; but, while all the players, who at times played the 
latter move, at times also chose the former, four out of the nine never 
played 3 Kt-KB3. Messrs. Englisch and Mackenzie always moved 

3 P-QR3; Dr. Zukertort having about equally favored both moves, and M. 
Rosenthal — though also using both — giving the preference to 3 Kt-KB3, 
while Mr. Steinitz never played the last-mentioned move. 

After 3 P-QI13 chosen twenty-seven times by Black, White replied in 
twenty-five cases with 4 B-QR4, to which Black answered in twenty-two 
cases with 4 Kt-KB3, twice with 4 KHt-K2 (Steinitz), and once with 

4 P-KKt3 (Steinitz). These facts make it evident that the best third move 
for Black in this opening, is still undetermined, though 3 P-QR3 and 
3 Kt-KB3 are most frequently adopted. 



154 Table CVI.— BUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME. 

1 2 3 4 5 

1 P-K4 
1 P-K4 
9 Kt-KB3 

- 1 Kt-QB3 
B-QKt5 



3 

4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 



JL J -KKt3 1 

B x Kt 0-0 P-Q4 _ ______ P-QB3 5 

QP x B ~ KtP x B B-Kt2 Kt x P P x P ~ B-Kt2 

Kt x P Kt x P P-QB3 2 Kt x Kt B x Kt P-Q4 

Q-Q5 ' Q-K2 ". QKt-K2 P x Kt QP x B P x P 

Kt-B3 P-Q4 P-Q4 _ ________ Q xP P xP 6 

Pcii P-Q3 P x P Q-B3 Q x Q QKt-K2 

Q-K2 KtxP at B3 P x P B K3 Kt x Q B-KKt5 

Q x Qch Q x Pch P-QB3 B-Kt2 Jj^Ql P-QB3 

KxQ Q-K2 B-B4 _ P-QB3 0-0 B-E4 

B-KKt5 Q x QHh Kt-B3 QxQ B-Kt2 Kt-B3 

P-KK3 K x Q P-K5 _ PxQ P-QB3 P-K5 7 

B x Kteh B-QKt2 Kt-Q4 P-QK3 (MM) Kt-K5 

K x B P-Q5 Kt-B3 B-Pv4 3 B-Kt5 B-KK4 

O-O-O + B x Kt + Kt-Kt3 P-QB4 PTbT Q-K4ch 

or B-Kt2 + or K-Q2 + 

B-Kt3 — P-K5 _ B-K3 _ QKt-Q2 
P-Q4 - P-QKt4 P-QB4 Kt-B4 

B-KKt3 
Kt x Kt 
Kt x Kt 
Kt xQP+ 



Kt x P 


P xP 


Kt x Kt 


B x Kt 


P x Kt 


QP x B 


QxP 


QxP 


Q-B3 


Q x Q 


B-K3 


Kt x Q 


B-Kt2 


B-Q2 


P-QB3 


0-0 


Q x Q 


B-Kt2 


PxQ 


P-QB3 


P-QB3 


O-O-O 


B-K4 3 


B-Kt5 


P-QB4 


P-B3 


P-K5 


B-K3 


P-QKt4 


P-QB4 


B-B2 


Kt-Kt3 


B-QKt2 


P-QKt3 


0-0 


QKt-Q2 


Kt-K2 + 


Kt-K3 




B x Kt 




Bx B 




KPv-Kl 




KPv-Kl 




P-KB3 




P-Q-E4 




Kt-KBl 



P-K5 4 



For Notes see next page. 



RUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME. -continued. 151 



Note* to page 154. 

1 This defense is allotted but one column in the "Synopsis.' - Seepage29, Col. 30. 

The result is given as unfavorable for Black. But we notiee that the defense 
has been adopted by Glasgow in one of its pending correspondenee games with 
Edinburgh, The analysis of thetleiense on this page (except Col. 6) is by Mr. 
A. P. Barnes, of New York, and was originally published four years ago in the 
"Canadian (.Montreal) Spectator." The defense merits more attention than it 
has received. Mr. Barnes says that it can be relied on for rather the better 
game: but this is probably claiming too much. 

2 If 5 Kt-QB3 5 Kt-Q5. G Kt «Kt HPx Kt, 7 Kt-K'2 7 P-QB3, 8 BR I 8 Kt-K2 +. If 

5 P-Q4 5 Kt x P, 6 Kt x Kt P x Kt, 7 P-K5 7 P-QB3, 8 B-R4 8 P-Q3 + . 

3 10B-B4 10Kt-B3. 

4 Edinburgh-Glasgow correspondence game which was concluded .Tune 10. 1884, 

by a victorv for Black The remaining moves are 18 Kt from Kt3-Q2 18 B-K3, 
19R-K2 19*R-Q6, 20 Kt-QKtl 20 R-Q8, 21 K-B2 21KR-Q1, 22 P-QKt3 22 R-QB8, 
23 R-Kl 23 R-Q8, 24 R x R 21 R x R, 25 P-KKt3 25 B-RG, and White resigned. 

5 If 4 Kt-QB3 4 Kt-Q5 T 5 Kt x Kt 5 P x Kt, 6 Kt-K2 6 P-QR3, 7 B-R4 7 B-Kt2 h 

6 6 B x Kt 6 QPxB, 7 PxP 7 B-Kt5, 8 P-K5 8BxKt+. If Black 6 P x P, 

7 B x QPch 7 Q x B, S Q x Qch 8 B x Q, 9 Kt x P 9 B x Ktch, 10 P x B O-O-O +. 

7 If 9 B x Kt B x B, 10 P-K5 10 B-Kt2. 11 O-O 11 O-O, 12 Kt-Ksq 12 Kt-BI, 13 Kt-B2 

13P-Q3, 1IP-KB4 14 P x P, 15 BPxP 15 Q-QKt:i, 16 B-Kt3 16 Kt x P, 17 Kt x Kt 
17 Bx P+. 



158 Table CVII.--HUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME. 







P-K4 
1 P^KT 


Kt-KB 

2 Kt-QB 


:S B 


QKt5 








3 " Kt-KB3 






7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


Match 
Paris, 
1883 


Match 
Baltimore, 

1884 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 




Zukertort 
Englisch 


Tschigorin 
Zukertort 


De Riviere 
Tschigorin 


Sellman 
Zukertort 


Englisch 
Zukertort 


Steinitz 
Rosenthal 


4 


0-0 
Kt x P 








P-Q3 
P-Q3 




B-B4 




P-Q4 
B-K2 








Kt-B3 
P-KKt3 


P-B3 


5 


P-QR3 


Q-K2 


6 


Q-K2 

Kt-Q3 


P-Q5 

Kt-Q3 


B x Kt 5 
QP x B 




P-KE3 


0-0 


B-Kt2 


O-O 


ir 


B x Kt 


B x Kt 


Q-K2 


K-Kl 


B-K3 
B-Q2 


P-Q4 


i 


KtP x B 


QP x B 


PrKB4 


QB-B4 


B-Kt3 


8 


P xP 

Kt-Kt2 


P x P 4 
P-B3 


P x P 


Kt-B3? 


Q-Q2 
P-KE3 


B x Kt 


B-QB4 


Kt x Kt 


KtP x B 


9 


Kt-B3 1 


P x P 


QKt-Q2 


II x Pch 


0-0 


Kt x P 


Kt-B4 


B xP 


Kt xKt 


B-K3 


Kt-KKtl 


P-Q3 7 


10 


Kt-Q4 
0-0 


B-K3 
O-O 


B x Kt 
O-O 


P x Kt 
B-Q3 


P-Q4 
P xP 


Kt x P 
QxP 


11 


K-Ql 2 
Q-Ki 


QKt-Q2 
Kt-B2 


QR-Q1 
Q-K2 


E-Kl 
O-O 6 


Kt x P 


Kt-Kt4 


KKt-K2 


P-B4 


12 


Kt-B5 
P-B3 


Q-K2 


B-KB4 
B-K3 


B-Kt5 
Q-Bl 


QE-Q1 
Kt-K4 


Kt-B2 


P-KB4 


B-R3 


13 


B-B6 
Kt-K3 3 


Kt-Kt.3 
P-B5 


P-QB4 


Q-Q2 
P-B3 


B-K2 
P-KKt4 


E-Kl 


P-KK3 


Q-K5 


14 


Q-Kt4 
E-B2 


B-B5 


P-KE4 

QR-Q1 


BB4 

Q-Q2 


P-B4 
P x P 


P-B3 


P-K5 


P-Q4 


15 


B-K3 
K-Rl 


KKt-Q4 
P-B6 


E-QB1 
K-Q2 


B x B 
P x B 


B x P 
KKt-Kt3 


R-K5 
P x P 


16 


Kt x B 


Q-Kt5 


P-KKt3 
KE-Ql 


P-QK3 
B-Kt5 


B-K3 

Kt-R5 


P x P 


Q x Kt 


Q-Bl 


Kt-Q2 


17 


P x P 
Qx P 


KB Ql 
B-B3 


P-QKt3 
P-QKt4 


Q-B4 
B x Kt 


R-B2 
R-KKtl 


P-KKt3 
Q-R6 


18 


Q-QR4 

Q-Kt3 


Q-R4 
Kt-Kt4 


P-KB5 
P x P 


Q x B 


K-El 
P-QB3 


E-Kl 


KE-K1 


QE-K1 


19 


R-Q2 


Kt x P 


P xP 


Q-Q3 


Kt-Kt3 


B-K3 


P-B4 


P x Kt 


Q-KB2 


K-.K3 


B-KB1 


E-K3 


20 


Q-Kt3 

P-Q3 + 


E-Q7 


Kt-Q2 
B-QKt5 + 


P-B3 
QR-K1 + 


B x KRP 


Kt-B3 


P x P + 


Kt xP + 


Kt-B38+ 



For notes see next page. 



RUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME.— continued. 157 



Notes to page 1 56. 



1 B-K:i or Kt-Ql is the usual play. 

2 Threatening Kt x P. 

3 Capturing the B would lose. 

4 Mr. Ranken prefers Kt * P as giving a perfectly even game. The text move 

gives Black an immediate advantage of position. 

5 Pronounced best by M. Rosenthal. 

6 Mr. Sellman says the weakness of White's eighth move now becomes apparent. 

Black has effectually parried the attack, and comes out of the melee with the 
advantage of two Bishops against Knight and Bishop. 

7 Mr Zukertort thinks this sacrifice of a P would prove unsound against the best 

defense. 

3 This page gives the preference to games won by the defense; the main difficulty 
with the Buy Lopez being to meet the many resources of the vigorous atttack. 



158 Table CVIII.— EUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME. 



P-K4 



13 



P-K4 



14 



KKt-B3 
QKt-B3 

15 



B-QKt5 
P-QR3 1 



16 



17 



18 



Nash Cor. 


Match 


New 


New 


Vienna 


Match 


Tourney, 


Phila., 


Orleans, 


Orleans, 


Congress, 


Phila , 


No. 3 


1S82 


1883 


1883 


1882 


18S2 



Blake Martinez McConnell MeConnell Blackburne Martinez 

Vincent Steinitz Steinitz Steinitz Steinitz Steinitz 



B-R4 



Kt-B3 
0-0 



Kt x P 
RK1 2 
Kt-B4 
B xKt 
QP x B 
P-Q4 
Kt-K3 

Kt x P 
B-K2 
B K3 



10 


0-0 


11 


Kt-QB3 


P-B3 


12 


Kt-B3 


R-Kl 3 


13 


Kt-K2 


Kt-Bl 


U 


Q-Q3 


B-KK15 


15 


Kt-Q2 


QQ2 


J6 


Kt-KKt3 


Kt-Kt3 


17 


P-KR3 


B-K3 


IS 


P-KB4 


Kt- K5 




Kt at Q2 


19 


-K4 




K-Kl 


20 


K-K2 




B x KKP+ 



KKt-K2 

P-Q4 

PxP 

Kt x P 

Kt x Kt 

QxKt 

Kt-B3 

B x Kt 

QP x B 

Q x Qch 

K x Q 

B-K3 

B-K3 

P-KB4 4 

P-KB3 

K-B2 

B-Q3 

Kt-Q2 

K-Q2 

Kt-B3 

QR-Kl 

P-K5 

P x P 

P X P 

B-K2 
QR-Qlc-h 
K-Bl 
P-QKt3 
KK-B1 4- 



Q-K3 



B-K2 

0-0 



0-0 

Kt-QB3 

Q-Kl - 

Ki-Q5 

B-Ql 

B-Kt3 

P^QS - 

P-KB4 

K-Rl 

P-KB5 

Kt,-K4 

P-KB6' 

R-KKtl 

Kt-K7 

B x Kt 

P x B 

Q x P 

B-Q2 

B-K3 

B-B3 
B x B 
KP x B^ 



P-QKt4 
B-Kt3 



P-Q3 
Q-K3 



B-K3 
0-0 



P-QB3 



P-QB4 
Q-Ql 



P-QB3 
P-KB4 
Q-Q2 
P-KB3 

RP x B 
Q^R2 
Kt-B3 
Q xQ 
B x Q 
P-KB3 

R-R5 
K-Q2 
KR-QR1 
Kt-QBl 
R x RP 

rTr 

R x R 
B-K2 
Kt-R2 
P-QB4 

Drawn. 



B-Kt2 
0-0 



Q-Q2 
R-K 1 



P-B5 
B-B2 



Kt-Kt3 
Kt-Q2 



B-K2 
Kt-Bl 



O-O 
Q-R5 



QR-Kl 
Kt-Kt3 



BQ1 
Kt-B5 



P-B3 



P-QR4 



P-B3 5 

PT^~ 

Kt x P 

Kt-Kt3 

0-0 

B-K2 

Kt-Q5 

0-0 

Kt x Bch 

Q x Kt 

B-B2 



P-Q3 
B-Kt5 




Kt x Ktch 
Q x Kt 
Kt-K4 

Q-Kt3 

B-K3 

P-B4 



Kt-Q: 



Q-R4 



P-Q4 B-Ktl 

P x KtP + QR-Kl — 
~ QR-Kl — 



For Notes see next page. 



RUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME.— continued. 159 



Notes to page 158. 



1 In notes to this move Mr. J. Russell says authorities are divided as to the re- 

spective merits of 3 P-QR3'and 3 Kt-KB3. An examination of many games 
favors the conclusion that 3 P-QR3 gives more freedom to the defending 
player. It is difficult to perceive how this move can properly be described as 
' lost time," unless White choose to capture the Kt at once, as recommended by 
Anderssen; and by a rapid exchange of pieces endeavor to bring about an ad- 
vantageous end game. But Black has two Bishops and an open Queen's file, 
which Hhould more than compensate for his doubled Pawns. It may be safely 
affirmed that 3 P-QR3 is in no case objectionable; and in many variations is to 
Black's advantage. 

2 P-Q4 is a more lasting attack. 

3 The moves so far are identical with those in a game between Mrs. Gilbert and 

Mr. Gossip, won by the former. Mr. Gossip (Black) played 12 P-KB4. 

4 This weakens the KP. The proper move was P-KB3 

5 A venturesome sacrifice. It led in this case to a finely contested game of 81 

moves, and a draw. 



160 Table CIX.— EUY LOPEZ KNIGHT 'S GAME. 



7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 



19 

Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 

Fleissig 
Mackenzie 



P-QR3 

B-B4 

Kt-B3 

Q-0 

Kt x P 

P-Q4 

P-QKt4 

B-Kt3. 

P-Q4 

Px P 

B-K3 

P-B3 1 

B-QB4 

QKt-Q2 

0-0 

B-B2 

P-B4 

Kt-Kt3 



B-Kt3 
QKt-Q4 
Kt x Kt 
Kt x Kt 
Q-K2 
B-Kt3 
B x Kt 

P x B 
P-B5 
P-B3 
Kt-Kt6! 
P x Kt 

B-K1 
Q-B6 
B-K3 



P-K4 
1 P-K4 

20 

Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 



Weiss 
Mackenzie 



Kt-B3 
B-B4 
Kt x P 
Kt x Kt 
P-Q4 
15-Q3 
P-B4 
Kt-B3 2 
P-K5 
B-Kt5 
P x Kt 
Q x P 
B-K3 
CM) 
0-0 
B x Kt 

P x l'» 
Kt-K2 
P-B4 
P-Q4 

P x P 
Kt x P 

Q-Q2 
lMi4 

B-B2 
Q-KKt3 
B-KKt3 
Kt-B3 

QK-K1 
Kt-K5 
Q-K3 



Kt-KB3 



B-QKt5 



Kt-QB3 



21 

London 

Congress, 

1883 



Hteinitz 
Zukertort 



P-Q3 



PQ3 
P-B3 



22 

Corre- 
spondence 

Match, 
1884 
Pari s 
Vienna 



23 

New 

York, 

1S83 



Teed 

Steinitz 



P-KKt3 

P-Q4 

P-QKt4 

B-B2 

B-QKt2 

P- Q5 

Kt-K2 

P-QR4 

P xP 4 

B x Pch 

Kt-Q2 

P-R4 

P-K3 

P-R5 

P-Kt4 

P-KKt4 

Kt-Bl 

B-K3 

B^K2 _ 

QKt-Q2 

O-O 

B-B2 

P-QB3 5 

P-B4 

KtatBl-Kt3 

Kt-KKtl 

Q-B2 

P-Kt3 



Q-R7ch + P-Kt4+3 KR-B1 





B x Kt 




QP x B 




Kt-QB3 




P-KB3 




Kt-K2 


B-K2 


P-QB4 


QKt-Q2 


Kt-KKt3 


O-O 


P-KKt3 


QKt-KBl 


P-Q3 


Kt-Q2 


Kt-K2 


B-K3 


B-K3 


P-KB4 


Kt-B3 


P x P 


P-QH3 


RxP 


B-K3 


B-Kt3ch 


Q-QB2 


K-Kl 


Q-Q2 


P-KR4 


P-QKt8 


Q-Kl 


P-K R4 


Kt-KKt5 


P-KR3 


Kt-QB4 


P-QKt4 


B-Q5 


0-0 


li-KBl 


P-KKt4 


QB x Kt 


K-R2 


Game 


P-KR5 


still in 


Kt-K2 




B-Q3 




K Kt-KKtl 




Kt-K2 




P-KB3 




K-B2 




K-Rl 




KR-Q1 




P-Q4 + 



24 

Match 

New 

Orleans, 

Wurm 
Blackmar 



P-KB4 6 
P-Q3 7 
P x P 8 " 
P xP 
Q-K B3 

0-0 
B^Q3 
QKt-B3 
KKt-K2 

Kt-Q5 
Kt x Kt 

Q x Kt 

Kt-K2 

Q-Kt3 

P-KR3 

B-K2 

P-QKt3 

Kt-Q2 

B-Kt2 

P-KB3 

Kt-Kt3 

Kt-B4 

B-QB4ch 

K-Bl 
Kt-B5 
B x Kt 
Q x B 

QR-Q1 
P-KR4 

Kt-E5 
QB-B1 

Q-Q5 
QK-Ktl 
Kt-B6 + 



For Notes see next page. 



RUY LOPEZ KNIGHT'S GAME.— continued. 161 



Notes to page 160. 



1 B-K3 is the usual move. 



2 Mr. Sellman says the move usually recommended is Kt-Kt3, but the move in the 

text seems preferable as it embarrasses White's development after 10 Q x P. 

3 Clearing the position at Kl for his Rooks. 

4 Leaving the beaten track. 

5 Black took the attack at this point, and won after a hard contest of ninety moves. 

6 Mr. C. A . Maurian says this counter gambit yields the second player a very in- 

ferior game in the opinion of most authorities, but against an opponent not 
well versed in the books, it is apt to produce a strong counter attack. 

7 4 P-Q4 or Q-K2 are also good. 

8 4 Kt-Q5 is preferable. 



162 



THE FRENCH DEFENSE. 

This conservative, but not necessarily slow, method of replying to the at- 
tack's 1 P-K4, is very much in vogue in formal and off-hand play. It was 
played forty-nine tim< j s at the London Congress of 1883. Blackburne, 
Mason, Noa, Sellman, and Winawer defended with the French 43 times in 
the total of 49 games. Tschigorin chose it twice, Skipworth three times, 
and Mackenzie once. The remaining six of the fourteen contestants, Bird, 
Englisch, Mortimer, Rosenthal, Steinitz, and Znkertort, did not play it at all. 

In the 49 games the attack proceeded 2 P-Q4 46 times; 2 P-K5 twice 
(Steinitz); and 2 P-KB4 once (Englisch). 

The old line of play, laid down in Staunton's " Handbook," viz.: 1 P-K4 

I P-K3, 2 P-Q4 2 P-Q4, 3 P x P 3 P x P, was adopted at the Congress but 

II times. A'more recent form, not spoken of in the "Handbook," viz.: 
1 P-K4 1 P-K3, 2 P-Q4 2 P-Q4, 3 Kt-QB3, was adopted by the attack 33 
times. The defense replied 3 Kt-KB3 31 times, and B QKt5 twice. This 
more modern attack, 3 Kt-QB3, was invariably chosen by Bird, Blackburne 
Mackenzie, Mortimer, Noa. Tschisrorin, and Winawer. Mr. Sellman always 
adhered to the older 3 P x P, the remaining contestants varying the move. 

After 3 ^"^•p 3 . While adopted 4 B-KKt5 18 times, and 4 P x P 9 
lv -KB3 l ' 

times; a majority of 2 to 1 in favor of the former. Blackburne and Mort-. 

imer adopted both forms. Invariably Steinitz, Mackenzie, Winawer, Mason, 

Bird, and Englisch attacked with 4 B-KK45. and Noa, Tschigorin, and 

Rosenthal with 4 P x P. 

Mr. Thomas Long remarks of the frequent employment of the French De- 
fense in the London Congress that: "We might, at first sight, naturally 
conclude from these figures that one considerable section of these fine 
players hold the theory that, in the battle for position in the ' openings' of 
Chess, Black can not hope to equalize the game in as short a period (if at 
all) by adopting the open game of 1 P-K4 as when he moves 1 P-K3, but 
we must consider that it by no means follows that, because the second 
player adopts the 'French,' the 'Sicilian,' or 'Irregular game, that he is of 
opinion that the attack in theory must obtain the better position in the open 
game. He may be desirous of avoiding some particular opening with some 
especial antagonist. 

"Likewise with the first player: it does not necessarily follow that, because 
he sometimes opens with some irregular or bizarre move as 1 Kt-KB3 or 
1 Kt-QB3, as in the Congress games, that he holds that the defense must ob- 
tain the better position in the open regular of 1 P-K4. He too, doubtless, 
has his object at the time he thus commences his game — for we find the 
same players moving P-K4 or otherwise on the first move. 

"The fact is, theory holds — however practice may vary — that the second 
player can equalize the game in every opening commencing with 1 P-K4 on 



163 

both sides — in some openings a little earlier than in others — awl also that 
the first player need have no fear (where, as in the Gambits, he does not 
make sacrifice of material) of even the best defenses in aty of the open 
games." 

In the autumn of 1883 "Land and Water" published the following appre- 
ciative estimate of this opening: "It is now nearly forty years since 
Staunton commended the French Defense inasmuch as it ' by nullifying the 
advantage of the first move, gives a higher tone and character to the game 
than it possesses while chance is an admitted element of the struggle.! The 
accuracy' of this opinion has been, to a large extent, verified by the open- 
ing's subsequent career; for though the adoption of 1 P-K3 by Black does 
not entirely deprive White of the profit derived from playing first, yet at any 
rate it goes nearer than any other defense to placing the players on an equal- 
ity at starting. Nevertheless, though this has at no time been doubted, the 
French Defense was, until a comparatively recent period, treated with much 
scorn. It was considered a mean and cowardly method of opening. Now 
all is changed, and its adoption by experts of the first rank is frequent in 
important games. Mr. Blackburne, as is well known, scarcely ever plays 
otherwise. It was a favorite with the late Mr. De Vere, and also with Mr. 
W. N. Potter in his day of active play, and it is likewise much used by Mr. 
Mason, so that altogether it might much more appropriately be called the 
Anglo-Saxon Defense than the name which its adoption by Labourdonnais 
against McDonnell caused it to receive- It scarcely needs mentioning that 
Labourdonnais was not the first by a good many r to move I P-K3 as second 
pla} er. How old the opening is no one knows ; but as Lucena alludes there- 
to it is very clear that Chess pla3*ers four centuries ago opened their games 
in this fashion. The special features of the French Defense (in its normal 
grooves) are very easily stated. The Bishops on both sides become imme- 
diately liberated and capable of a free action. No clogging, no blocking 
up. The King's Knight comes quietly out, and Castling may T quickly take 
place. As neither side can hinder that operation, so, and for that very rea- 
son, a speedy resource to Castling by each player becomes advisable, lest 
the adversary's King's Rook, which so early 7 takes part in the fray, should 
prove mischievous. The Queen's Knights are also fit for fighting, and the 
Queen's Rooks are in nowise prevented from responding to any call for 
their services. The rapid development of pieces on both sides is therefore 
a special feature of the French Defense. As a consequence thereof i* must 
be admitted that there is in the opening a want of that richness which at- 
tends a slow, complex development, and also a deficiency of sparkling posi- 
tions. Another notable feature is the marked augmentation of the power 
of the Bishops with its corollary in a sensible diaiiaution of scope on the 
part of the Knights, so that the latter are sometimes only useful as corks for 
the stopping up of diagonals. A third very remarkable peculiarity of this 
opening is the active part played by the Rooks therein, while as a winding- 
up characteristic it is worth noticing that the Queen often has to play the 
undignified part of staying behind Bishops and backing them up. All 
these points represent one and the same meaning. There is a free board, 
and this is the ear-mark of the French Defense." 



164 



Table CX.— FRENCH DEFENSE. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Vienna 

Congress, 
1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Match 

Havana, 

1883 


Match 

Phila., 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 
1882 




Steinitz 
Schwarz 


Steinitz 
Mason 


Steinitz 
Fleiesig 


Steinitz 
Golmayo 


Steinitz 
Martinez 


Steinitz 
Winawer 


1 


P-K4 












P-K3 












2 


P-K5 1 
P-QB4 2 












P-Q4 


P-QK3 5 


P-KB3 ! 7 


3 


PKB4 
QKt-B3 3 




P x Pe.p. 




P-KB4 
P-Q4 


P-Q4 


B x P 


PxP 


P-QB4 


4 


KKt-B3 




P-Q4 


P-Q4 


P x Pe.p. 


P xQBP 


Kt-R3 




Kt-K2 4 


Kt-KB3 


B xP 


B xP 


r 


P-KKt3 
B-K2 


P-QKt3 


B-Q3 
Kt-Kt3 


P-KB4 


P-Q4 
P-QB4 


Kt-QB3 


O 


P-Q4 


Q-B2! 


6 


B-Kt2 
O-O 


B-Kt2 


KKt-B3 
Kt-B3 


B-Q3 
QKt-B3 


P x P 


B-KB4? 


Kt-B4 


Q-R4ch 


Q-Kt3 


7 


P-Q3 


P-B3 


Kt-B3 


Kt-KB3 


Kt-B3 


Q-Q2 


P-B3 


R-QKtl 


Kt-Kt5 


B-Q3 


Q x BP 


B x Pch 


8 


PxP 
B xP 


Q-K2 
B-Kt2 


B-QB4 
P-QB3 


P-QB3 

Q-B2 


B-Q3 
KKt-B3 


Q x B 


Q xP 


9 


0-0 

Kt-B2 


P-Q3 
B-K2 


Kt-K4 
B-B2 


P-KKt3 
B-Q2 


Q-K2 


K-Q2 


B-Q2 


Qx R 


10 


P-B3 


Kt-Q2 


0-0 


Kt-Q2 


KKt-B3 


Kt-Kt5 


R-Ktl 


P-Q4 


0-0 


P-KR3 


Kt-B3 


Kt-R3 


11 


Kt-K3 
P-QKt3 


P x Pe.p. 
Kt x QP 


R-Kl 


Kt-K5 
B xKt(?) 


B-K3 

Q-QR4 


Kt-Q6ch 


Kt-Q4 


K-Bl 


12 


Kt-B2 
B-Kt2 


o-o • 

O-O 


Kt-B5 
Kt-R5 


BP x P 
KKt-Ktl 


0-0 
B-B4 


B xKt 
P x B 


13 


Kt-K3 
P-Q4 


Pv-Ql 
Q-Bl 


Kt-K5 


0-0 


P-QR3 
B x Bch 


Q-QB5 


Kt-B4 


KKt-K2 


Kt-K2. 


14 


Kt-Kt4 
P-K4 


Kt-Bl 
E-Ql 


P-QB3 
B x Kt 


Q-R5 

P-KKt3 


Q x B 


Kt-K2 


Kt-KKt5 


Q x R 


15 


Kt x Bch 
PxKt 


B-K3 
B-K3 


R x B 
Kt-B3 


Q-E4 


Q-Q2 
Q-B4ch 


PxP 


E-KK2 


PxP 


16 


Kt-R4 
Kt-K2 


Q-QB2 
Kt-Kl 


E-Kl 


Kt-KB3 
0-0-U 


K-Rl 

Q-KU 


B-R6ch 8 


P-KE3 


K-Ktl 


17 


Px P 
PxP 


B-KB2 

R-QKt2 


Q-B3 
Kt-Q4 


Kt-Kt5 


Q x Q 


Q-Q4 


E-Kt2 (a) 


Kt x Q 


" QxKP 


18 


Q-Kt4ch 


Kt-K3 


B-Kt3 


QxP 


KR-K1 


B-B4 


K-Rl 


QR-Q2 


P-QKt3 


QR-KKtl 


Kt-KKt5 


" Q-R4 


19 


Q-R5 
Q-Kl 


Kt-Kl 
Kt-KB3 


Kt-Q3 


E x P 


Kt-K4 
K-K2 


Q x BP 


B-E3 


Kt-KB4 


" Kt-Q4 


20 


P-Q4 + 


Q-K2 — 


Kt-K5 + 


B x Kt + 


P-KR3 -f i 


5 Q-Q8ch 


B-QKt2 — 


K-Kt2 9 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CX. continued— FRENCH DEFENSE. 165 



Notes to page 164. 



1 One of several innovations tried by Mr. Steinitz at this Congress. 

2 Mr. Sellman would prefer 2 P-Q4 or 2 P-KB3. 

3 Mr. Max Judd suggests for Black 3 P-KKt4, with the view of isolating White's KP. 

4 Not good. The Kt should have gone to B3. 

(a) Black should have Castled at his 11th move. 

5 Novelty for novelty. 

6 The game ran up to nearly GO moves, Mr. Steinitz winning at last by a slight ad- 

vantage in position. 

7 Mr. Gunsberg and the London Chess Player's Chronicle, approve of this reply. 

Should White take the P, Black retakes with the Kt, thereby having won a 
move. If White support his exposed KP, Black further developes his attack on 

the advanced position. 

8 It is said, that this move cost Steinitz £70 and a division of the first honors at the 

Vienna Congress. The game is one of those fought after the last round to de- 
cide the tie, the result being another and final tie. 

9 Continued, 21 Q-QR5 21 Kt x B, 22 Q-B3eh 22 P-K4, 23 Kt x Kt 23 Q-Kt4, 21 P-Kt3 

24 K-Bl, 25 Kt-K4 25 Q-K2, 26 Kt-Q5 20 Q-K3, 27 Kt-B7 27 Q-R3ch, and White re- 
signed. 



166 



Table CXI.— FRENCH DEFENSE. 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Toronto, 
1884 


Nuremberg 

Congress, 

1SS3 


New 

Orleans, 

1883 




Weiss 
Schwarz 


Rosenthal 
Noa 


Wittek 
Mason 


Zukertort 
Aid. Judd 


Fritz 
Mason 


Zukertort 
McComiell 


1 


P-K4 












P-K3 












2 


P-Q4 












P-Q4 












3 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 












B-QKt5 9 


4 


P x P 
P x P 








B-KK5 
B-K2 


P x P 


B x Ktch 


5 


Kt-B3 
J3-Q3 








B x Kt 
B x B 


P x B 


P x P 


6 


B-Q3 
O-O 








Kt-B3 
O-O 8 


Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 


B-Kt5 


7 


0-0 


P-B3 


P-QPv3 
B-KKt5 


0-0 
0-0 


B-Q3 

P-QKt3 


B-K2 


B-KKt5 


Kt-KB3 


8 


P-KE3 
B-E4 


Kt-K2 
Q-B2 


B-K3 
O-O 


B-KKt5 
B-K2 


P-KE4 ! 


0-0 10 


B-Kt2 • 


Kt-K5 


9 


P-KKt4 


Kt-Kt3 


P-Pv3 


E-Kl 


P-K5 


Q-Q3 


B-Kt3 


B-KKt5 


B-K3 


P-KK3 


B-K2 


O-O 


10 


P-Kt5 1 
Kt-R4 


P-KK3 
B-K3 


0-0 

Q-Q2 


B-K3 6 
Kt-QKt5 


B x Pch 


P-B4 


KxB 


P-QB3 


11 


Kt xP 


Kt-Kt5 


E-Kl 


B-KB1 


Kt-Kt5ch 


P x P 


P-QB3 


E-Kl 


KE-K1 


B-KB4 


K-Kt3! 


PxP 


12 


Kt-B3 2 


P-KB4 


B-KK15 


E-Bl 


Kt-K2 


P-QB4 


Kt-Q2 


P-KB3 


K-El 


Kt-K5 


B x Kt 


Kt-Q«3 


13 


Kt-K2? 3 


Kt x B 


Q-Q2 


Kt x Kt 


P x B 


E-QKtl? 


E-Kl 


R x Kt 


Kt-KE4 


P x Kt 


P-KB4 


B-KB4 


14 


K-Kt2 
Kt-Bl 


Kt-B5 


B-Bl 5 

P-B3 


P-QE3 
B-Kl5 7 


KtPxPe.p. 
E-El 


P xP 


QKt-Q2 


Kt-KKt6 


15 


Kt-Kt3 
Kt-B5ch 


Kt x B 
Q x Kt 


B-K3 
P-B4 


P xKt 
P x Kt 


Kt-B4ch 


Q-Ql 


K-B2 


Kt x Bch 


16 


B xKt 
KB x B 


P-B3 


Kt-K2 
Kt-B3 


Px P 
B-KE4 


Q-Kt4 

E x Ech 


Q x Kt 


Kt-K5 


B x E 


17 


P-KB4 


P-B5 


B-B4 


P-B3 


K-Q2 


Px Kt 


Q-Q2 


E-K2 


Kt-K5 


B-Q3 


P xP 


P x P 


18 


P-B3 
Q-Kt5 


B-KB4 
Q-B3 


Q-Bl 


B-Kt2 


Q-Kt6ch 
K-K2 


B-E3 


Q-K2 


Q-E5 


E-Kl 


19 


E-El 


Q-Kt4 


B x B 


P-E3 


Q-Kl7eh 


Q-B4 


BxKt 


QR-K1 


Px U 


Q-B3 


K-Kl 


B-K5 


20 


P x B 


QR-Q1 


Kt-E2 


P-QKt5 


Q-Kt8ch + 


Kt-K5 


B-K6 + 


P-K3 4 


Q-E5 


P-113 + 




E x Kt + 








Black won 


L. 







For Notes see next page. 



Table CXI. continued.— FRENCH DEFENSE. 187 



Notes to page 166. 



1 Mr. Steinitz said this is new, and it is strange that the simple combination of 

the last two moves, which wins a P, should not have been adopted before. 
Though Black obtains some counter attack, this does not outweigh the mate- 
rial loss. 

2 Best, to prevent Kt-B5. 

3 An error. It was here important to gain a move, which could have been cf 

fected by Kt-K4, compelling an exchange of pieces or the retreat of the B. 

4 White won in an end game, having two Bishops against two Knights. 

5 Loss of time. Mr. Sell man says Kt-K5 would have relieved him at once from 

the threatened pressure. 

6 Dr. I. Ryall says, B-R4 is better. The text move confines White's pieces, and 

apparently gives the attack to Black. 

7 P x Kt would be better, winning a P, with a good position. 

8 Premature. 

9 This move, with the capture of the Kt that follows, is condemned by the au- 

thorities ; but Mr. McConnell prefers it to 3 Kt-KB3 for the defense. 

10 B-R3 would hamper Black's game. 



168 



Table CXII.— FRENCH DEFENSE. 





13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Toronto, 
1S83 


Vienna 

Congress. 

1882 




Paulsen 

M ason 




Tschigorin 
Noa 


Tschigorin 
Fleissig 


Zukertort 
Kittson 


Mackenzie 
Noa 


1 


P-K4 
P-K3 












2 


P-Q4 
P-Q4 












3 


P-K5 
P-QB4 


P X P 
P X P 










4 


P-QB3 
Kt-QB3 


Kt-KB3 
Kt-KB3 










5 


Kt-KB3 
B-Q2 


B-Q3 
B-Q3 










6 


B-Q3 

Q-Kt3 


0-0 
O-O 








B-KKt5 

Q-K2ch 


7 


P xP 
B xP 


Kt-B3 
P-B3 


t 




P-QKt3 
B-KKt5 4 


B-K2 
P-KB3 


8 


0-0 
Q-B2 


Kt-K2 
Q-B2 


B-KKt5 
B-KKt5 




P-QB4 
P-QB3 


B-R4 
B-KKt5 


9 


B-KB4 
KKt-K2 


Kt-Kt3 
B-K3 


P-KR3 
B-R4 




QKt-Q2 

QKt-Q2 


QKt-Q2 
QKt-Q2 


10 


P-QKt4 
B-Kt3 


P-Kt3 1 


P-KKt42 
B-Kt3 




Q-B2 
Pv-Kl 


P x B3 
O-0-O 


11 


P-QB4 
P-QR3 




Kt-K5 
Q-B2 




B-Kt2 
QR-QB1 


0-0 


QKt-Q2 


P-KKt4 


12 


R-Kl 
Kt-Kt3 




P-B4 
B xB 


P-B4 
Q-Kt3 


P-B5 
B-Ktl 


B-Kt3 
B x B 


13 


B-Kt3 
QKt-K2 




Q xB 

QKt-Q2 


Kt x Kt 
Kt xKt 


P-Kt4 
B x Kt 


RP x B 
Kt-K5 


14 


P-KR4 
P-KK3 




QPv-Kl 
QR-K1 


P-B5? 

Q x Pch 


Kt x B 
Kt-Bl 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 


15 


QKt3 
K-QB1 




Q-B5 


K-Kt2 
P-B3 


P-Q1U 
Kt-K5 


Kt-Q2 


R-K3 


P-KR4 ! 


1(3 


R-K2 
B-K2 




Kt x Kt 
Q x Kt 


P x B 


P-Kt5 
Q-B2 


B xB 


P x B 


PxB 


17 


P-KE5 
Kt-Bl 




B xKt 
P x B 


Kt-K2 
Q-Kt3 


KR-K1 
Kt-Kt4 


QxP 


P-K6 


18 


R-B2 
P-QKt4 




Kt-K2 
Q-K2 3 


B-B5 
Q-K6 


Kt-K5 
P-KB3 


KR-K1 
P-KB4 5 


19 


PxP 
B x P 




R-B2 
R-Kl 


R-B3 
Q-K4 


P-B4 
P x Kt 




20 


B x B 
P x B-j- 




P-KR4 
K-K5 -j- 


P x Pch 
K-Kl + 


QPx P 

Kt-K5-f 





For Notes see next ipaqe* 



Table CXII. continued. -FRENCH DEFENSE. 169 



Notes to pcuje 168. 



1 A new idea played successfully by Mr. Zukertort at the London Congress. Mr. 

Freeborough says this move of White is to be recommended, as it enables 
him to conduct on both wings operations that may supplement each other. 

2 A line of attack first prominently brought into notice at this tournament by the 

Vienna players. 

3 Black takes the attack from this point. 

4 This move was adopted in reply to 7 Kt-BD in a series of games between Messrs. 

Judd and Kittson of the Hamilton, Ontario, Chess Club, and they are of the 
opinion that 7 B-KKto is Black's best move. 

5 Mr. Sellman says this is to the point. Should White now play 19 Qx BP Black 

responds with 19 KR-B1, and the following would be the best moves in continu- 
ation : 20 RxP 20 Q x It, 21 Q x Kteh 21 R x Q, 22 P x Q, and Black comes out 
with the exchange against two clear Pawns ; the chances appearing to be about 
equal. White eventually won, Black letting victory slip through his fingers. 



170 



THE SCOTCH GAMBIT. 

No very prominent novelty in this Gambit has been presented within the 
last three years. The opening, as generally played now, is not a Gambit; 
the Pawn being recaptured on White's fourth move. Nearly all variations 
of the Scotch lead to highly interesting and often brilliant positions, and it 
is a game prolific of counter attacks for Black. The neglect of such open- 
ings in tournaments and matches is typical of the state of affairs which in-, 
duced Mr. John Ruskin to write recently to an English periodical, " Chess, 
I urge pupils to learn, and enjoy it myself to the point of its becoming a 
temptation to waste of time often very difficult to resist; and I have really 
serious thoughts of publishing a selection of favorite old games by chess- 
players of real genius and imagination, as opposed to the stupidity called 
chess-playing in modern days. Pleasant 'play,' truly! in which the oppo- 
nents sit calculating and analyzing for twelve hours, tire each other nearly 
into apoplexy or idiocy, and end in a draw or a victory by an odd Pawn." 
"While Mr. Ruskin does not quite do justice to the modern time limit system 
in set encounters, he will find a multitude to agree with him that the favor- 
ite old games are more interesting than those of the present day. 



Tabic CXIII.-SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



171 



P-K4 



P-K4 



Kt-K B3 

Im-i>|;:: 



P-Q4 



P x P 





Match 

London, 
1882 


Com'l Gaz. 

Cor. 

Tournev, 

1883 ' 


Hamilton 

Ontario 

Tourney, 

1832 


Nuremberg 

Congress, 

1883 


Challenge 

Cup 
Manchester 

1884 


st. George's 
v. Bristol 
, ainl Clifton, 
1884 




Blackburne 
Mackenzie 


Ferris 
Braithwaite 


Braithwaite 
Henderson 


Blackburne 

Gunsberg 


Von Zabern 
Jones 


Wayte 
Fedden 


4 


KtxP 












13-B4 














B-K3 












5 


Q-B6 












6 


P-QB3 












KKt-K2 












7 


Kt-B2 1 


B-QB4 




Q-Q2 


P-KB4 




B-Kt3 2 


Kt-K4 




Kt x Kt 


P-Q4 




8 


QKt-B3 3 
Q-Kt3 


B-Kt3 
O-O 




P xKt 
B-Kt3 


P-K5 




Q-KR3 


Q-K5ch 


9 


P-B3 
Kt-Ql 


0-0 
P-Q3 




Kt-B3 


Q-Q2 


P-KKt3 


P-KR3 


Kt x Kt 8 


Q-Kt5 


10 


Q-Q2 
Kt-K3 


P-KR3 
B-Q2 




B-QB4 
P-Q3 


P xKt 


B-K2 10 


B-QKt3 


Q-lio 


11 


Kt-B4 
P-Q3 


Kt-Q2 




0-0 

Kt-B3 


B-Q3 
B-K B4 


B-B3 


KKt-Kt3 


B-Kt3 


12 


KtxB 


P-KB4 




Kt-Q5 


Kt-QB3 


Kt-R3 


RP x Kt 


Kt-QBa 




Q-Kt3 


R-Ql 


P-KR4 


13 


B-QB4 
O-O 


P-KB5 
KKt-K2 




KR-K1 


0-0 


Q-Q2 


KKt-K4 


O-O 


O-O 


Kt x Kt 


14 


P-KKt4 
Kt-B3 


Kt-(Q2)-KB: 
Kt-K4 


3 Q-R5 


QR-B1 


P-QKt4 


P x Kt 


P-KKt3 


K-ttl 


Q-Kt3 


Q-Q2 


15 


0-0-0 4 
Kt-K4 


K-Rl 
P-KR3 


P x P 


Kt-B4 


B-K2 


0-0-0 11 


QxP 


' Q-R2 


P-QK4 


Q-B3oh 


16 


B-K2 
lit- 134 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 6 


Q-R4 
K-Kt2 


P-QKt4 
P-B4 


P-QR3 
Kt-QB3 


K-Ktl 
B-B4oh 


17 


B x Kt 


Kt-K6 
li x Bl 


B-Ql 
P-KB4 


P-K5 
P-Kt4 ? 


Kt-QR4 
B-R2 9 


K-Rl 


KtP x B 


Q-Kt3 


18 


P-K B4 
Kt-B3 


Kt x Pv 
B-QB3 


B-KR5 


P x P 


P-QKt5 


R-QB1 


Q-B3 


P x Kt 


Kt-K2 


P-Q 3 


19 


P-B5 
Q-B3 


Kt-Q7 

Q-K14 


B-KKt5 + B x P 


QxP 


KR-K1 




P x P 


B-K5 


K-Q2 


20 


P-Kt5 
Q-K4 5 


Kt x P + 




13 x P 
B-Q2 7 


B-KB3 + 


Kt-Ktl — 
B-Kt5 — 



For Notes see next page. 



172 Table CXIII. continued.- SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



Notes to page 171. 



1 The usual continuation for White here is B-QB4, B-QKt5, or Q-Q2. 

2 P-Q3 may also be played. Mr. Steinitz commended the Captain's move, as he 

obtained an open Rook's file later on when the Bishops were exchanged. 

3 Mr. Steinitz would have preferred Kt-Q2. Black is able to defeat White's inten- 

tion to exchange the B. and play Kt-Kt5. 

4 White should Tather have continued the advance on the K side with P-KR4. 

5 Continued, 21 B-B3 21 R x P, and Black won. Mr. Steinitz attributes the loss of 

the game to White's failure to push on his KRP. 

6 If 16 Q x Kt, 17 Kt-KB3, and White wins a piece. 

7 Continued, 21 R-K7! 21 Q-Kt3, 22 R x B 22 KR-Q1, 23 B-K5ch 23 Kt x B, 24 P x Kt 

24 R x K, 25 Q x R, and White won. In this game White made the best devel- 
opment in opening. His 21st move brought about a winning end game. 

8 The approved move is B x Kt. 

9 Losing a P. But if the B had not been moved, White's Kt would have taken it, 

greatly weakening Black's center. 

10 Rev. W. Wayte says, Q-Q2, followed by B-Kt2 seems equally good. 

11 Br-tter have Castled with KR, says the same authority, and if 15P-R5, 16 P-KKt4- 

Black's development then would have been extremely difficult, and White 
would have had time for a decisive advance of the Pawns. The text play gave 
Black an opportunity to clear his game. 



Table CXIV. -SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



173 



P-K I 

I'-K I 



Kt-KB3 
Kt-QB3 

10 



11 



12 





New 

Orleans, 

1882 


Nuremberg 

Congress, 

L883 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 

Congress, 
1882 


Match 

Havana, 

1883 


London 
Congri 
1883 




Mackenzie 
Maurian 


Paulsen 
Lefrman 


Fleissig 
Zukertort 


Paulsen 
Winawer 


Golmayo 
Steinitz 


Rosenthal 
Bird 


3 


P-Q4 












P xP 














Kt x P 
P-Q4 1 










B-QB4 


4 


Kt-KB3 


B-B4 


Q-R5 7 


B-B4 




B-QKt5 

Q-Q3 


Kt-QB3 
B-O.Kt5 


B-K3 5 
Q-B3 


Kt-Kt5 




O-O 


b 


B-Kt5ch 8 


Q x Pch 


P-Q3 




P x P 


Kt x Kt 


P-QB3 


P-B3 


B-K2 


P-QB3 


b* 


QxP 


B x Kteh 


KKt-K2 


B-B4 


B-Kt5ch 


B-KKt5 


7 


Kt x Kt2 
Q-K5eh 


P x B 


Kt-B2 
P-Q3 


Q-K2 
B-Kt3 


B-Q2 
K-Ql 


Q-Kt3 


QP x Kt 


B x Kt 


8 


Q-K2 

Q x Qch 


B-Q3 
B-Kt5 


Kt-Q2 
Kt-K4 


B-K3 9 


O-O 


B x Pch 


Q-Ql 


B x a 


K-Bl 




K xQ 


P-KB3 


B x B 


B x B 


Q x B 


P x B 13 


y 


P-QR3 


B-K3 


P x B 


RP x B 


P-QR3 


Kt-KB3 




B-QR4 


O-O 


Kt-KS 


P-KKt3 


KKt-B3 


B-Q5 


10 


B-Q2 


C2-Q2 


B-K3 


P-Q3 


Q-R5 


Q-Bl 




B-KB4 


B-K3 


Q-R4ch 


B-Kt2 


QKt-R3 


B-K6 


li 


P-QIU4 


P-KR4 


P-B3 


KKt-K2 


P-QKt4 


Q-Kl . 




Kt-K5 


P-QR4 


B-K2 


Kt-Q2 


B-KB3 


B-B5 


12 


Px B 


P-K5 


O-O 


O-O 


Q-R3 


B-Kt3 


13 


Kt x B 
K x Kt 


Q-Ktl 
P-QKt3 


0-0 

Kt(K2)_Kt:; 


Kt-B3 


QR-Q110 


B-B4 


; B-Kto 


QxQ 


Q-R4 


1-1 


R-Qlch 
K-B3 


P-R5 

K-K2 


P-KKt3 
KR-Q1 


P-KR3 


RxQ 


Kt-Q2 


B x Kt 


KKt-K2 


R-Kl 


15 


Kt-B3 
R-Klch 


R-Ql 
P-QB4 


Q-B2 
B-RK? 


B x B 


Kt-Q5 


Q-Ql 


P-B4 


QR-Ktl 


<>-B^ 




K-Bl 


P-KB4 


P-KB4 


P x P 


KR-K1 


K-Rl 


16 


P-RU 


Q-B3 


B x R 


R x P 


P-Q3 


Kt-K2 




P x P 


P-K5 4 


P x Kt 


B-K4 


QR-K2 


B-R3 


17 


B x KP 


Kt-Kt5 


Kt x P 


R-B3 


B-K3 


P xP 


18 


Kt-Q5 
Kt-B3 


B-QB1 
P-R6 


R x B 


O-O 


Kt-KB4 


PxP 


Q-K3 


Q-Q2 


Kt-Q5 11 Kt x P 


19 


Kt x BP 
R-K5 


B-KB1 

Kt x P 


Kt-(Q2)-B4 
P-QKt4 


B-Kt2 


R-K4 


P x Kt 


QK-KB1 


Kt x Bch 


Qx B 


20 


B-K13 


Q-Kt5 


Kt x Kt+6 QR-Q1 + 


P x Kt 


B-Q7 


P-QR4 3 


Kt-B6ch! + 




Kt-B4 12 R-Ql 














(iame was 














drawn. 



For Notei pa-jt . 



Table CXIV, eontinued.-SCOTCH GAMBIT. 



Notes to page 173. 



1 An experimental move by Mr. Maurian. 

2 White seems certain to win a piece, but Black saves it ingeniously. 

3 Continued, 21 R-Q3 21 B-QB4, 22 R-QB3 22 K-Kt?, 23 P-QR3 23 Kt-Q2, 24 R-QKtlch 

24K-B3, 25 Kt-R6 25 KR-K1, 26 P-B3 2(5 R-Q5, 27 B-KBl 27 R-Q4, 28 P-QR4 
28 KR-K4, 29 P-KKt4 29 P-KKt4, 30 R-QK15 30 P-KR4, 31 R x QRP 31 P x KtP, 
32 P x P 32 P-KB4, and this move permitted White to exchange off all the 
pieces, after which one of his passed Pawns won. 

4 The Schachzeitung says this is hasty, and that P-KB5 would have been stronger. 

5 This continuation is now preferred to 5 Kt x Kt, which soon results in an even 

end game. 

6 Black could not extricate himself from the results of his 15th move. He re- 

signed on the 36th move. 

7 A move not much played recently. 

8 Unusual. 

9 Taking advantage of the novelty. 

10 Not as good as Q x Q. 

11 Sacrificing a P for a strong attack. 

12 The remaining moves in this interesting game were 21 Kt x B 21 P x Kt, 22 R x P 

22 P-QIU5, 23 Kt-QB4 23 Kt-Q5. 24 QR-K3 24 Kt x QBP, 25 Kt.-QR5 25 R-QKt4, 
26Kt-B0ch 26K-Q2, 27 Kt-QR7 (the Kt can not get out) 27 R-KKt4ch. White 
resigns. 

13 Better, says Land and Water, than B x Kt, but this is not saying much. 



175 



GIUOCO PIANO. 

Although, as indicated by the " Synopsis," the drift of analysis in this 
opening is in favor of the defense, the debut has been frequently played 
during the last three years in important contests. At this time 4 P-Q3 is 
considered the best continuation of the attack, Mr. Steinitz and M. Rosen- 
thal, among other masters, preferring this line. 

The "Jerome Gambit," 4 B x Pch, involves an unsound sacrifice ; but it is 
not an attack to be trifled -with. The defense requires study, and is some- 
what difficult. We give the fullest analysis of this American invention that 
has yet been in print. The author is Mr. S. A. Charles, Cincinnati, 0. 



176 



Table CXV.— G1UOCO PIANO. 



P-K4 



B-B-: 



4 
5 
6 

7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 



Vienna 

Congress, 

1SS2 



Mason 
Winawer 



P-Q3 



P-K4 



New 

Orleans, 

1884 



Mauri an 
Zukertort 



Kt-K B 3 

Kt-QBH 6 B-B4 

3 4 5 



New 

Orleans, 

1S84 



Maurian 
Zukertort 



London 
Congress, 

1883 



Blaekburne 
Tschigorin 



P-Q3 


Kt-B3 


B-K3 


B-K3 


B-Kt3 1 


B-Kt3 


QKt-Q2 


P-B3 


P-KK3 


P-Q3 


Kt-Bl 


Kt-Q2 


Kt-B3 


Kt-K2 


P-KR3 


Kt-Bl 


Kt-K2 


P-B3 


Kt-Kl3 


Q-Kt8 


P-B3 


O-O 


B-Kt3 


Q-B2 


B x B 2 


P-KK3 


P x B 


Kt-Kt3 


Q-Kt3 


Kt-Kt3 


Q-Q2 


0-0 


P-QR4 


P-Q4 


P-B3 


B-Kt3? 4 


P-K5 


B x B 


B-Ql 


P x B 


B K3 


P x P 


0-0 


P x P 


Q-B2 


Q-lvt3 


Kt-R4 


QR-K1 


P-QKt4 


Kt-Kt5 


B-B2 


Q-Bl 


P-B4 


Kt-B5 


Kt-(Kt3)-B5 


B-B2 


B x Kt 


B-K3 


Ktx B 


P-Kt3 


Kt x Kt 


QB-Q1 


R x Kt 


Kt x P 





PB3 




Kt-K B3 




P-Q3 




P-Q3 


QKt-Q2 


B-K3 


P-Q3 


B-QKt3 


Kt-Bl 


QKt-Q2 


Kt-K2 


B-K3 


Kt-Kt3 


Q-K2 


P-KR3 


Q-Q2 


Q-Q2 


B-QK15 


P-B3 


P-QR3 


P-B3 


B-R4 


B-Kt4 


B x B 


P-Q4 


P x B 


Q-B2 


O-O 


R-Ql 


P-Q4 


Kt-Kt5 


P-QKt4 


P-KR3 


B-B2 


Kt x B 


B-Kt5 


Q x Kt 6 


0-0 


Kt-Kt3 


QR-K1 


Kt-R5 


P-QR4 


Kt-B5 


Kt-K2 


Kt x Kt 


RP x P 


KtP x Kt 


RP x P 


Q-Q2 


R-R5 


KR-Ktl 7 


P-B3 


K-Bl 


KR-QR1 


R-Kt3 


Kt-Kt3 


Kt-R4 


R-R7 


R-B3 8 


Q-Bl 


Q-K2 


P-Q5+ 10 



Third 

French 

National 

Tournev, 

1883 ' 

Goudjon 
De Riviere 



P-Q3 11 

P-Q3 

Kt-K 133 

B.K3 

B-QKt3 

QKt-Q2 

B-K3 

Q--K2 12 
Q-K2 
0-0 
P-KR3 
KR-K1 
P-KKt4 
KB x B 
Q x B 13 
Kt-K Bl 



Kt-K2 
Kt-KKt3 
Kt-KKt3 
Kt-KB5 

o-o-o 

B x B ! 14 



Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 



Bird 

Fleissig 



P-Q3 

P-QKt4 
B-Kt3 

Q-Kt3 

Q-K2 

P-QR4 
P-QK4 

P-K15 

Kt-Ql 

P-Q3 
KKt-B3 

QKt-Q2 

KtK3 

Kt-Bl 

Kt-B4 _ 

Q-B2 

B-K3 

Kt-K3 

OAJ 

B x B 

P x B 

Kt-B4 



Kt-KB515 

Q-QB2 

RP x B 

P-KKt3 

Kt-KKl3 

P-Q4 

Kt-q-i ? 

P Q5 
q K B3 
Kt-Q2 + 



Kt-q-2 3 Kt x KtP 5 B-q2 



qKt-Q2 

Kt x B 

Kt x Kt 

Q-Kt3 

QKt-Q2 

B-K3 

P-qKt3 

O-O 

K-Rl 

qn-Ki 

Kt-R4 + 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXV. continued.— GIUOCO PIANO. 177 



Notes to page 17G. 



1 The latest (sixth) edition of the "German Handbuch" gives P. x P., and an an- 

alysis, to show that, by this move, Black obtains the better game. 

2 Castling would be better. 

3 Not as good as O-O. White made a center attack, and won on the 51st move. 

4 lie should have exchanged Bishops. 

5 Continued, 21 K x Kt 21 Kt x Kt, 22 R-Ql 22 Kt-Kto, 2?. R-Q4, P-QB4, 24RxR. 

This last move of White's is much inferior to R-Ql, when if 24 P-R5, 25 R-Q4 
25 1' x P, 20 P x P, and, as Black can not capture the P, White remains with a 
fair game, The game was won by Black on the 84th move. 

6 If 11 P x Kt Black rejoins 14 P x P, and White can not retake without losing a 

piece by 15 P-Q4. 

7 Mr. Maurian remarks that 17 B-Q2, preparatory to Castling, would give Black a 

slight superiority. 

8 If 19 R-Kt2, or to Ktl, White would probably gain an advantage by 20 P x P, fol- 

lowed by Q-QG 

9 Continued, 21 Q-R"> 21 O-O-O, 22 P x P (capturing BP would result in losing QP 

22 P x P. 2:; Kt-B3 23 B-K3, 24 R x Rch, 24 Qx R, 25 Kc x 1' 25 P-3S? and Black 
lost. He could have drawn by 2.3 B x B. 

10 Mr. Blackburne won on the 44th move. His success was mainly due to his at- 

tack on Black's center, which began on White's 9th move. 

11 Mr. Rosenthal prefers Kt-KB3, and P-Q4 for White's next move. 

12 Inferior to B-QKtr;. 

13 This move allows the White Kt to take up a strong position at KB5. Black 

could have obtained a favorable position by HPxli, followed by O-O-O. 

14 The Pawns on the Q side can now advance. 

15 Worse lhan useless, as it drives the Q to a better position. 



178 



Table CXVI,— GIUOCO PIANO. 



P-K4 



F-K4 



1UKB3 
Ki-QB3 

10 



11 





Amster- 
dam 
Tourney, 

1882 " 


Match 

London, 

18S2 


Corre- 
spondence 
' Game, 
1S74 






Canada 


Team Match, 
1SS4 

Bristol and 

Clifton vs. 

St George's 

Club. 




Veraart 
Loman 


Blackburne 

Mackenzie 


Marine, 111. 
Cincinnati 






Ryall 

Narraway 


Fedden 
Wayte 


3 
4 


B-B4 
B-B4 
P-B3 
Kt-B3 










* 


0-0 
Kt-B3 


5 


P-Q3 
P-Q3 




P-Q4 
P x P 






B-Q5 13 


P-Q3 


0-0 


P-Q3 


(3 


B-K3 

Ji-Kto 




P-K5? 
P-Q4 


P x P 
B-Kt5ch 


B x Kt 
QP x B 


B-KKt5 14 
" P-KR3 




QKt Q2 1 
Kt-E2 


B-K3 


B-QKto 
Kt-K5 


B-Q2 
B x Bch 


Kt x KP 


B-K4 


i 


Kt x P 


" P-KKt4 


8 


P-KK3 


Q-B2 6 

KB x B 


B x Ktch 
P x B 


QKt> 

KKt 


: B 
x P 


P-Q4 
B-Q3 


B-KKt3 
P-KK4 15 


Kt-Kt3 


9 


P-Q4 

P X P 


P x B 
Kt-KKt5 


PxP 

B-Kto 


Kt x : 


Kt 


0-0 


Kt x KtP 


P-Q4 




P-KK3 


" P-Pv5 


in 


PxP 
P-Q4 


Ii x B 


Kt-QB3 


KKt-Kt5 


9P-KB4 
P-KBo 


Kt x P 


1U 


Kt x KP 


P-KB4 


"0-0 




P x B 16 


11 


B-Q3 2 
P x P 


B x Pch 


0-0 
0-0 


Q-K5 


10 


Kt-Kt6 
R-B2 


Kt x Q 17 


B-B4 


11 


" B-KKt5 


K x B 


12 


Kt x P 
O-O 


Q-KtSch 
K-K2 


B-KB4 
B-QKi2 


Kt x "RP 
B x QKt 


P-KB5 
P-QB4 


Q-Q2 18 
" Kt-Q5 


13 


Q-B2 3 
Kt x Kt 


K-B2 


Kt-QB4 
P-KKt4 


Ktx 

■Pxli 


R Q-KKt4 

i + 12-Kt-Kt4 


Kt-B3 19 


Kt-Kt5ch 




14 


B x Kt 
l'-K 1,4 


K-K2 
Q-Q2 


Kt x B 
KP x Kt 






P-KR4 

Kt-Pv2 




15 


Q-B4ch 
K-PvL 


QB-KB1 
KR-KB1 


B-Bl! 
B-QR3 7 






Kt-Q2 




P x P 




16 


B-B2 
P7B5 


P-KR3 


R-Kl 
P-KKt5 






QxP 




lit- Bo 


P-Kt3 




17 


B x Kt 
P x B(K6) 


P-Kt4 
P-Q1U3 


Kt-Q2 
Kt x KBP 






K-Kl 
B-Kt2 




18 


P xP 4 
P x B 


Kt-B4 
P-Kt3 


K x Kt ! 

Q-R5eh 






Kt-Kt3 
P-B4 




19 


0-0 
Q-Kl 5 


Kt-K3 
QR-K1 


K-Ktl 






Q-KKt4 
Q-B2 




P-KB5! 




20 


Kt-K5 
KxKch+ 


P.-B2 


Kt-KB3 
P x Kt 8 






B-B4 + 




Kt QR4 + 





For Notes see next page. 



Table CXVI. continued— GIUOCO PIANO. 179 



Notes to page 178. 



1 Thismove is not considered as strong as formerly. 

2 The Berlin Sonntagsblatt prefers 11 P x P, followed by 12 Q-Kt3. 

3 0-0 would be better. 

4 White is compelled to sacrifice a piece as a consequence of his 13th move; 

otherwise he would lose the chance of Castling and have to bear a strong at- 
tack. 

5 Xot so strong as B-KB4. 

6 In Mr. Steinitz's opinion, the Q would be bettor posted at K2. 

7 Intending to sacrifice the Kt. 

8 White's 20th move is bad, R-KB1, or K2. giving the onlv chance for a draw 

The game continued. 21 P x P 21 K-RI, 22 K-Rl 22 R-KKtl, 23 Q-Q2 23 R-KKt3, 
24 R-KKtl, and Black announced mate in eight moves. 

9 In a communication in the London Chens Monthly, for March 18S3, M>. A A. 

Bowley says, this ingenious move results to Black's advantage if he replies to 
it 10 0-0, as in the text. If Black replies 10 R-B4 he does not fare so well, the 
play continuing 11 Kt x BP 11 K x Kt, 12 Kt-KtS. 

10 If Kt x RP, Black obtains a superior game by R-Kl. 

11 The only move. If P-KR3 12 Kt x BP+. 

12 Black remains with two minor pieces, for the R as the White Kt can not escape 

13 Dr. I. Ryall, Hamilton, Ont., says he has a liking for this move aftertesting it in 

many games, though not always successfully. "It leads to very interesting po- 
sitions. 

14 Premature. 

15 First played by Steinitz against Dubois. Congress of 1862, p. 102. Dubois did not 

venture '.» Ktx KtP, but defended himself by 9 P-KR4. 

16 Steinitz contemplated <^-K2 at this point, hut Lowenthal afterward showed, 

C. P. C. 1868-69, I. 102, that Black can give his opponent the choice of Q or R. 

17 If 11 Kt x R 11 Q-K2 12 B-B7ch [or A] 12 K-Q, 13 Kt-Q2 13 B x Pch, 14 K-R. 

14Kt-KKto, 15Kt-KB3 15 Q-KB3, winning.— jA] 12 Kt-B7 12 IT x P.-h, 13 R x B 
13 P x Rch, 1-1 K xP l-l Kt-KKt5ch, 15 K-Kt3 15 Q-B3, 10 Q-B3 10Q-Kt2and wins. 

18 Q-K comes to the same thing. If Kt-B7, Black may play R x P. 

19 Black announced mate in seven moves. 



180 Table CXVII.— GXTJOCQ PIANO. JEROME GAMBIT. 



P-K4 Kt-KB3 B-B4 B x Pch 

1 u tsa ^ "it* m;*-j ' ^ TTTTi *± 



11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 



P-K4 * Kt-Qb3 " B-B4 ^ K x B 



r Kt x Pch . 

° Kt v Kt! K-Bsq? 



Q-R5ch P-Q4 



Q-B6ch P-KB4 0-0 Q x B 



K-QB3 B x P B-QKt8 B-K8 

Kt-B3 Q-R4ch K-Rsq K-Ktsq 



P-Q3 3 Kt-KBd Kt-Kt5 Kt-QB5 
P-KB3 Q x B P-Q4 Q-Q3 



Q-KR4 QxP+ Kt x HP P-QKt4 

Q-Kt8 K x Kt P-KB4 



B-K3 Q-E5ch Kt x KtP 

Kt-K2 K-Ktsq K x Kt 

QK-KB QxKl' P-Kt5! 

Kt-B4 P-Q3_ 

Kt x KP Q-Kto 

P x Kt B-K3 



Q-K4 P-Q4 

Q-Q3 P-KBj 



B-KB4-+ Q-K3 

B-B2 



P.QB3 + 



Kt x Kt 



K-K3! 1 BxP Q p * Kl 8 



O-O 



' K^Q3 FQ3 " P-Q3I 5 P-Q3! " Q-KB3 Kt-KB3 

ft P-KB4 2 Q-Tt3ch 4 Kt-B3 Kt-B3 7 Q-Qsq Q" B8 9 

8 Q-KB3 K7K2 KKt-B3 Kt-KB3 P-Q3 Q-Q5 

Q PxKtch P-B5 Q-Qsq B-Kt5 0-0 p -Q p ' 

^ QTP ' B x BP Kt-Q6 6 P-R3! " P-KKtS B-KKto 

in Q-B3 PxB PxKt B x Kt P-KB4 Q-^t3 

1U KKt-B3 Q-Q2 K-B2 QxB ~ Kt-QB3 «-Q3 

P-Q3 P-Q4 Kt-K2 0-0-0 P-QB3^ 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXVII. contumed.-GIUOCO PIANO. 181 



Notes to page 180. 



Q-Qoeh QxB Q-QB3 P-Q3 

1 6 7 8 9 10 

Kt-Kt3? K-Ksq P-Q3 Kt-B3 



P-Q4 Kt-QR3 

2 8 9 

B x P K-QB3 + 



3 12 also looks good. 

P-Q4 



P-B5ch P-Q3 Q-Qsq 

4 8 9 10 



K-Q2 KKt-B3 KtxKP + 



Q-R3eh Q-QB3 

5 7 8 9 

P-KKt3 K moves 



P '2Kt4 Q-R3ch P x Bch P-Q4+ 

8 9 10 11 

Q-B3 Q-K« K-Q3 K-B3 



P-Q4 P-B3 P x Kt 

6 9 10 11 12 

K-B2 B-KKt5 Kt x BPch B-R6 + 





Q-Q2 P x Kt 

11 12 

B-Kt3 PxP! 


Kt-QB3+ 





0-0 P-KB4 

7 8 9 

IU-KB3 Kt-QB3 



P-Q4 
8 6 7 

Ktl' x Kt 



P-Q4 Q-Ksq 

9 8 9 

B-KKt5 K-B2 



182 



TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 

This opening leads to intricate and daring counter attacks, and analysis 
has not yet determined whether the advantage in the middle game inclines 
to White or Black. Such being the case, it is an opening to be encouraged, 
and yet it is one occupying very few pages in the books of Chess Con- 
gresses, and in the records of serious match play. We have the pleasure of 
laying before the student some novelties in the opening that have been tested, 
and have excited much interest in the chess circles of several large Ameri- 
can cities. 



Table CXVIII.— TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



183 



P-K4 
Y-Kl 



Kt-KB3 



Kt-QB3 



ll-r.4 



Kt-BU 



4 
5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 



Vienna 

Congress, 
1882 

Bird 
Tschigorin 

Kt-Kt5 

P-Q4 

Px P 

Kt-Q K4 

B-Kt5cli 

P-B3 

P x P 

P x P 

B-K2 

P-KR3 

KKt-B3 

P-K5 

Kt-K5 

OjB2~ 

Kt-Kt4 1 

B x Kt 

B x B 

B Q3 

P-KR3 

O-O 

Kt-B3 

Kt-B5 

P-QKt3 

Kt-K4 

B-Kt2 2 

KK-K1 

0-0 

Kt(K4) x B 

P x Kt 
Q.Q2 

Q-K2 
KtxP 
P-Kt3 
Q-B4 + 



London, 
Congress, 

1883 

Bird 
Tschigorin 



New 


New 


New 


Orleans, 


Orleans, 


Orleans, 


1884 


1884 


1884 



P-Q3 3 
P-KR3 

Kt-KB3 
P-K5 
Q-K2 
Kt x B 

P x Kt 
B-QB4 
P-KR3 

Kt-R2 
P-QKt4 4 
KI-QB3 
P x P 
Q x BP 



B-KKt5 7 
Kt x KBP! 
B x Q! 8 
Kt x Q 
QKt-QPv4 

Kt x KtP ! 

Kt x B 

K x B 

Kt-KKt5 

K-K2 

QR-Ktl 

P-Q3orKl3-i 



Q-Q3 

O-O 5 

B-K3 ' 
Kt-Kt5 
Q Kt3 
P-QR4 
KtxP+6 



R-Bl 

0-0 



Kt x P? 



McConnell McConnell McConnell 
Zukertort Zukertort Zukertort 

Kt-QB3 9 
B Kt5 10 

P-QPv3 
B x Kt 
QP x B 
Kt x P 11 
B x Pch 
K x B 
Q- Qoch 
K-Kl 
Q x KKt 

Fol 

Q-QR4 
Q-Q3 
O-O 
R-Bl 

R-Kl ! 

K^B^ 

Kt x Pch ! 

Kt x Kt 

B-B4 12 

Kt-Btich 

P x Kt 

Q-Kt3ch 

K-Rl 

U.-R4 

R-K3 

K-Ktl 

R-KKtl 

B-Rb' 13 

Q-Q4 

Q-B2 

B-R6 ! 



R xKtl5 
Px R 



Q-K2 
P-KB4 



B-R6 
R-^Kl 



B-Q2! 
0-0 



Q-B3 
Q-KB4! 



Kt x Kt 
Q-Q4 



K-Q2 
Q-Kt3 



Kt-B3 
Q xQP 



B-B4 
B-Kt5 



Q-Kt3 16 
QR-Q1 



B-K3 

Q- QKt5 
P-QR3 
Q x KtP 



Q-B2 
R-Q2 



Q-B4ch 
B-K3 



P-KR3 
B-K3 



Q x Bch 
K-Rl 



R-Ql 
P-QKt4 



Q-Kt3 
Q x Q 



P-KKt3 14 K-Bl 17 P x Q + 



For Notes see next page. 



184 Table CXVIII. cont'd.— TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



Notes to page 183. 



1 The previous moves are according to the most modern ideas in this opening:, 

but 11 P-KB4 is preferred for White. 

2 Lost time. B-K2 should have been played. 

3 Mr. Bird think this move has merit, and deserves investigation. 

4 This move of Suhle's is generally thought to turn the game in favor of the second 

player. 

5 Bird's move, which Rev. W. Wayte pronounces much better than the ''Hand- 

buch's" Kt-R4. 

6 Mr. Bird sa,vs he should have continued this game, 17 Q x Kt 17 P-QB3, 18 Q x KP 

18 P x Kt, 19 P-R5 19 Q-B2, 20 B-B4, with a P more and at least as good a posi- 
tion. But Mr. Wayte does not think that Suhle's counter attack is thus proved 
a failure. The fault, he says, lies in Tschigorin's 15 Q-Kt3. The natural in- 
stinct of a strong playei to keep White pinned as long as possible is here mis- 
leading. Black might have recovered the P, with a*, least an equal position, by 
two distinct modes of play: (a) 15 B x Kt, 16 Q x B 16 Qx P, threatening to win 
the Q, and White's best reply is apparently 17 Q-K2, since 17 P-QB4 would leave 
his Q awkwardly placed; (b) 15 Q x P, 1(5 Q x Q 16 Kt x Q, 17 R-Ql; (c) 17 P-QB3! 

18 R x Kt 18 P x R, 19 Kt-B7 19 B-Kt2, 20 Kt x R 20 R x Kt (c). In this last va- 
riation 17 P-QB4 is inferior : 17P-QB4 17 P-QB:?, ISP.xKt IS B x Kt, 19 R-Ql 

19 QR-Q1, and. White must lose another P. 

7 This move was suggested bv the Berlin Frhachzeitung. The analysis here is by 

S. Euphrat and S. A. Charles, Cincinnati. 

8 If 6 Q-K2?, 7 P-Q6 7 P x P, 8 P-KB3 8 B-R4, OKtxR 9 P-K5, 10 0-0 10 P-Q4, 

11 B-K2 11 Q-B4ch, 12 K-Rl 12 Kt-K5, 13 P-QB3 + . 

9 This resolves the game into a variety of the Guioco Piano, leading in this and 

the following two specimens to some very interesting play. 

10 The ordinary continuation here would be 4 B-B4, 5 P-Q3 5 P-Q3, 6 Kt-K2 or O-O. 

with an even game. 

11 A venturesome move. 

12 14 Q-KB4ch is apparently better, e. g., 14 K-K3 (if K-'Kt, 15 Q x Kt, remaining 

with a better game and a P ahead), 15 Q-KKt4eh, and if Black play 15 R-B4, 
16 P-KB4. 

13 Intending QR-K1, but White's attack proves too vigorous. 

14 Continued, 21 Q-R4! 21 B-K3, 22 B x R 22 R x B, 23 R(Ktl)-Kl 23 R-Kl, 24 K-Ktl! 

24 B-Q2, 25 R x Rch 25 B x R, 26 R-K7, and Black resigned. 

15 Mr. Zukertort varies his play in this second trial, but his 11th move is probably 

overbold, and does not take into consideration White's effective 13th and 14tli 
moves. 

18 QB2 at once appears better. 

17 Continued, 21 B-B5 (necessary to prevent Black from playing R-Q3 and thence to 
Kt3— White does well to sacrifice the Bj 25 P-Q1U3, 22 P-Kt5 22 Kt-R4, 23 B-Kt4 
23 Kt-B5, 24 QR.-K2 24 P-QR4, 25 P x P e. p. 24 P-B4, 26 B x P 26 P x B, 27 R-Ktl! 
27 R-Q2, 28 R x P! 28 R-Q3, 29 P-R7 2J Q x P, 30 R x B, and again White won. 



Table CXIX — TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



185 



15 
16 

17 
18 
19 
20 



P-K4 



Cincinnati 



Zukertort 
Lukenbach 

Kt-Kto 
P-Q4 
F x P 
Kt-QK4 
B-Kt5ch 
P-B3 
P x P 
P x P 
B-K2 
P-K K3 
Kt-KB3 
B Q3 



io ES 
li 



P-B4 1 
Kt-B3 



O-O 
O-O 



P-R3 
B-K3 



12 
13 

B-Kt2 2 
14 Kt-Q2 
Q-B2 
P-KB3 
P-K5 



P-B4 



P x P 
B x P 



KR-K1 
R-Kl 3 
B x BP! 
B x B 
Q x B 
Kt-KBl 



-K4 



X i • w 
York, 

1ST. i 

Grumly 
S tar buck 



P-K5 

Kt-K5 

Q-Q5 

P-KB4 

B-QB4 

R-Bl 

O-U 5 

P-QB3 

Q-Ql 

P-QKt4 

Kt-Ql 

P x B 

Q~-K.jcIi 

K-K B2 

Q x BP 

P-Q4 

P-Kt> 

R-KB3 

Q-Kt8ch 

MB1_ 

P-K 133 

P-QB4 



Kt.-KB3 
Kt-QB3 

9 



B-B, 



Kt-B3 



Q B2 7 

Q checks 

P-Kt3 
Q x BF 
Q xKP 
R-R6 
P x B 
BxR 
K x B 
QxP 

Q-B3 + 



10 



11 



Q-Q5ch 4 P x Kt 6 



12 





Px B? 




Q checks ' 


K-Ql? 


P-IU3 


K-Ql 


Q x BF 


P-Q4 8 


Q-R4 


P x P e. p. 


Q x Pch 


B x P 9 


K-Ql 10 


Kt-KOch 


B-Ql 


B x Kt 


K-B2 11 


B x B 


Q-Kt7 


P x Kt 


Q x Kt 



Q-Ql 12 

P-B3 

Kt-Q4 

P-QKt4 13 

Q-R5cli 

P-Kt3 

Q x RP 

P x B 

Q x Poll 

R-B2 

Kt x KBP 

Q-R4 

Kt-RG 
Kt-Kt4 
Kt x R 
Kt x Kt 



B x P+ Kt-K6ch+ Q-B2 + 



For Xotc* sec next p-'iye. 



186 Table CXXX. cont'd.-TWO KNIGHTS' DEFENSE. 



Notes to page 185. 



1 This move is a departure from the " Synopsis " (See page 44. Col. 7). The con- 

tinuation there is 10 O-O, 11 P-B3 11 P : QBJ, 12 O-O 12 B-Kt2, 13 Q-R4 13 R-QB1, 
and the variation is left without comment. 

2 Black has obtained the advantage in position with all his forces well in hand 

to commence attacking operations. 

3 The P could not be saved. 

4 Continued, 21 K-Rl 21 Kt-Kt5, and White resigns. 

5 This move, the invention of Mr. Henry Loewe, Cincinnati, O., has proved to be 

one difficult to meet in actual play. As far as White's 12th move, the game is 
identical with Col. 5, page 43, of the "Synopsis," which proceeds, 12 Q-Q3 or 
B-Q3 for Black, and says it is doubtful if' Black has an equivalent in position 
for the P lost. 

6 Continued, 21 P x Kt 21 P x BP, 22 B x P 22 P x P., 23 R x Rch 23 K x R, 24 Q-KB3ch 

24 K-Ktl, 25 Kt-QB3 25 B-Kto!, 26 Q-KB4 2U R-1CB1, and Black wins. 

7 This move, or P-KKt3 is White's best resource. 

P x Kt QxKP 

8 If 17 — or 17 

Kt checks, mate. Kt chs. and wins Q. 

Kt x P R-B3 

9 If 18 19 ■ 

Kt-QB5 B-Kt3+ 

R-B2 may be played. 

10 

QxKt 

11 If 19 — 

Kt-KG, mate. 

12 The late Mr. D. F. M. Starbuck, of Cincinnati, often played this novel variation 

with success. The usual move at this point is Q-Q3 followed by Kt-Kt2. The 
text move, however, leads to some fine situations. 

13 P-KKt3 is the only move. 



187 



PHILIDOR'S DEFENSE. 

The difficult} 7 the second player experiences in this opening in developing 
his game is so well known that the defense has been almost shelved. Hardly 
half a dozen noteworthy specimens of the ''Philidor" have been going the 
rounds of the Chess columns during the last three years. The best estimate 
of the present standing of Philidor' s Defense is contained in the following 
article from a recent number of London "Land and Water" : 

"The 'Philidor' is a shrine of disappointment. Many analysts have 
worshiped thereat, and, rising from their knees with shining faces, have 
gone forth to announce that the secret had been confided to them. Their 
day of triumph has, however, been like the show of the Siberian sun in 
midwinter, sometimes glittering, but always very brief. The reason why such 
a deceptive oracle is so persistently 7 consulted lies in the yearnings of Chess 
players for some means whereby the detestable tyranny of the Ruy Lopez 
nii.y be overthrown. The French Defense stands its ground, very much to 
the annoyance of first play r ers, thus balked of their Ruy; and, if the 'Phil- 
idor' could have but its legs made strong, second players would greatly re- 
joice, for no one likes the monotony of having but one defense. Apart from 
the lack of variety, there is a strain upon an exhaustion of the resources of 
a player when thus bound down to a single opening, as has often been mani- 
fested in the play of Blackburne, that faithful servant of the French Defense. 

"The weakness of the ' Philidor' consists in the fact of KP x QP, being 
(apparently) incumbent on Black, whereby all his means of development 
become paralyzed. Let us look at the board after 1 P-K4 P-K4, 2 Kt-KB3 
P-Q3, 3 P-Q4 P x P, 4 Q x P, and what do we see: White's Bishops have 
a free and unrestrained action, so have the Knights, and one of them is al- 
ready in play. He can quickly bring out what pieces he pleases, and can 
castle on either side as he likes. Being in possession of the Queen's file, he 
will naturally castle on the Queen's side. Having done so, and all his pieces 
being able to operate freely, either in combination or separately, he will 
have at his disposal an amount of power such as might seem sufficient to 
settle the issue right off. 

"Very different is it with Black's unfortunate army. He can, it is true, 
play h'i3 QKt-B3, but that is an altogether illusory threat. His KB is hope- 
lessly confined, and his QB has no good place to go t<\ His KKt has 



188 



nothing particular in view when coming to B3, and, indeed, is itself often 
exposed to being attacked there; while, as to the unhappy QP, it has ob- 
viously a most distressing future before it. Black's evil condition proceeds 
directly from 3 P x P. Could that capture be rendered unnecessary, his 
development, though slow, would be assured, and the future of the game 
would be such as skill, hand in hand with patience, might hopefully face. 

"An end so desirable has attracted the attention of various analysts; and 
particularly Mr. J. Lord introduced 3 Kt-Q2. The defense, however, has not 
proved satisfactory, and, indeed, if met at once, 4 P-B3, as advised by Stein- 
it z, we can see that it ought not to answer, considering that now White threatens 
B-QB4, followed bj _ Q-Kt3. Our own opinion is, that unless Black can play 

3 Kt-KB3, as recommended by Major Jaenisch, the 'Philidor' is doomed. 
We are, however, by no means clear but that the move in question should 
stand. Let us set the moves. 1 P-K4 P-K4, 2 Kt KB3 P-Q3, 3.P-Q4 
Kt-KB3, White has three replies, namely: 4 P x P, which is satisfactorily 
met by Kt x P, 4 B-KKt5, which Jaenisch answers with P x P, and 4 Kt-Bo, 
to which the Russian .analyst again replies with P x P. As regards 

4 B-KKt5, we will only say, respecting the capture of the P, thai we doubt its 
necessity, but it may pass for the present, as the inferiority which results is 
not very pronounced; in respect, however, of 4 Kt-B3, which is the more 
dreaded line for White, we can not but feel, first, that to capture the P must 
yield a bad game; and secondly, that there is no necessity for such a con- 
tinuation. As alternative, we suggest for Black, 4 QKt-Q2, continuing with 
P-KB3 if, and when necessary." 





Table CXX, 


-PHILI 


DOR'S DE 


FENSE. 


189 




± 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




New 
Orleans, 

18S4 


Vicuna 
Consrre s, 


Com'l Gaz. 

Uorre 
spondence 
Tonrney, 
1S82 " 


Com'l Gaz. 

Corre- 
spondence 
Tournev, 

]NVJ 




Living 

L883 

Wakefield 
England 




McConnell 
Zukertort 


Winawer 
Blackburne 


Shaw 

Robertson 


Narraway 
Robertson 


Sehulder 
Boden 


J. W. Young 
K. B. Hussey 


1 


P-K4 
P-K4 












2 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q3 


Kt-QB3 5 
Kt-KB3 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q3 








3 


B-B4 1 


Kt-B3 
P-Q3 


P-Q4 

P x P 




P-B3 
P-KB4 


PQ4 


Kt-QBo 2 


P-KB4 


4: 


P-QR3 3 
P-KB4 


P-Q4 

P x P 


Kt x P 
P-Q4 


Q xP 
Kt-QB3 


B-B4 
KKt-B3 


P x KP 
BP xP 


5 


P-Q3 
Kt-KB3 


QxP 
B-K2 


Px P 
Q x P 


B-QKto 
B-Q2 


P Q4 
P xKP 


Kt-KKt5 
P-Q4 


6 


B-KKt5 B-KKt5 
P-KR3 4 O-O 


Q-K2ch 

B-K2 


B x Kt 


P x KP 


P-K6 


B x B 


P x Kt 


B QB4 11 


7 


B x Kt 
Q x B 


0-0-0 
Kt-BS 


Q-Kt5ch7 
Q xQ 


B-Kt5 


P x Kt 


QKt-B3 12 


/ 


Kt-KB3 


Q x P 


P-QB3 


8 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-K2 


Q-Q2 

B-K3 


Kt x Q 
Kt-Q 113 


P-K5 9 


P x P 


Kt-KB7 


P x P 


Kt-B3 


Q-K B3 


9 


Kt-QKt5! 
K-Ql 


P-QR3 
P-QK3 


B-KB4 
P-QB3 


Q x Pcli 


P-B4 


Q-Q2 


Q-K2 


B-Q2 


QB x P 


10 


Q-Q2 

P-QB3 


P-R3 


Kt-Q6ch 

B x Kt 


B x Kt 


B-K3 


Kt x R 


P-QKt4 


P x B 


O-O-O 


Kt-Q2 


11 


Kt-B3 
P-KKU 


B x Kt 


B x B 
P-QKt3 


Q x Qch 
B x Q 


Kt-Q2 
R-Kl 


Kt QR4 
P-K6 


12 


P-Q4 
P x QP 


Kt-Q5 
B x Kt 


Kt-B3 
B-Kt2 


QKt Q2 
K-KKtl 


Q-B3 
B-B4 


P x P 
Q-R5ch 


13 


Kt x QP 
B-Kt2 


P x B 
Kt-K2 


0-0-0 
O-O-O 


0-0 


0-0-0 


Q-KB2 


O-'J-O 


P-Q4 


Q x Kt 


11 


0-0-0 
P x P ? 


P-KKt3 
Kt-Kt3 


P-KKt3 
Kt-QB2 


,P-KKt3 


B x P 


B-Q3 


P-KB4 


Q x Pen 


O-O-O 


15 


Kt-KGch! 
B x Kt 


P-K114 
11- Kl 


B-R3ch 

K-Kil 


QR-Ql 
B-KB3 


PxQ 
B-Rtimat 


B x RP 


e KKt-B3 


16 


Q x QPch 
K-Kl 


P-R5 

Kt-K4 


KB-K1 


P-QK13 
B QBG 




P-QKt3 


B-Bl 


Q-KKto 


17 


B x B 
Kt-Q4 


Kt-Q4 
P-Kt5 ! 


B x Ktch 
K x B 


P KR4 
KR-K1 




Kt-B7 
B x Kt 


18 


Q-Q7ch 
K-Bl ' 


QxP 

Pv-Ktl 


Pv x R 
K x Pv 


P-QR4 
R-K7 




B-KB5 


B-QKt5ch 


19 


B xKt 
R-Ql 


Q-R4 

Kt-b6! 


B x B 

K x B 


Kt-QKtl 
R x R 




B-Q2 
B x Bch 


20 


QxlvtP + 


K>-Kt3 
Q-K2 6 


RK8 
K-Q2 8 


R x R 

QB x KKtlO 


K x B 
Kt-Kochl 3 



For Notes see next page. 



190 Table CXX. continued.-PHILIDOR'S DEFENSE. 



Notes to page 189. 



1 A continuation favored by Mr. Boden, but generally held to be inferior to 

3 P-Q4. Of late, however, several strong players, including Mr. Blackburne, 
have given the text move some attention. 

2 Harrwitz's move B-K2 is more usual, and apparently stronger. 

3 To provide a retreat for the B should the adverse Kt attack from R4, but P-Q4 is 

preferable. 

4 Again B-K2 would be better. 

5 The game becomes substantially a Philidor in a few moves. 

6 Continued, 21 B-Q3 21 R-Kt3, 22 P-B3 22 KR-Ktl, 23 B-B2 23 Q-K7, 24 KR-B1 

24 B-Kt4ch. 25 K-Ktl 25 Kt-Q7ch, 26 R x Kt 26 B x R, 27 R-Ql 27 R x Kt!, 28 B x R 
28 B x P, 29 B-B2 (if P x B then Q x Rch) 29 R x Pch, 30 K-Bl 30 R-Ktl, 31 Q-K4 
31 R-Kt8ch', 32 K x R 32 Q-Kt4ch, 33 Q-Kt4 33 B x Q, and Black wins. 

7 The "Synopsis" (page 21, col. 5) proceeds here 7 Kt-Kt5 7 Kt-QR3, 8 QKt-B3 

8 Q-Ql etc., leading to an even game. 

8 As these contestants are experienced, and skillful correspondence plavers we 

give the remaining moves : 21 R-R8 21 K-K3. 22 1U-K2 22 P-QB4, 23' P-QB4 
23P-Kt3, 24RxP24 Kt-B3, 25 Kt-B4ch 25 K-Q3, 26 R x P 26 Kt-Q2, 27 P-QR4 

27 P-KKt4, 28 Kt-Q5 28 K-B3, 29 K-Q2 29 P-K K4, 30 P-R3 30 R-R3, 31 R-B5 
31P-KKt5, 32 P-R4 32 K-Q3, 33 Kt-B4 33 Kt-B3, 34 K-K3 34 K-B3, 35 R-Kl5 
35 R-Rl, 36 R-Kt6 36 R-Klch, 37 K-Q3 37 R-Qlch, 38 Kt-Q5, and White wins. 

9 Not in the books. The approved continuation is 8 Kt-B3 8 B-K2, 9 0-0-0 9 0-0, 

10 KR-K1 10 Kt-Q2, even game. 

10 Continued, 21 P-KKt4 21 R x QBP, and White resigns. 

11 Kt-KR3 is the usual move. 

12 It would be better to play 7 Kt x KP 7 P x Kt, 8 Q-R5ch : but games played at 

exhibitions of "Living Chess " are not a fair subject for critical notes. 

13 Continued: 21 B x Kt 21 P x B, 22 KR-KB1 22 P-KKt3. 23 K-QB3 23 Kt-K4, 

24 P-KR3 24 Q-K3, 25 Q-KR4 25 Q-Q4, 2.; K-Q1U2 26 Q-QB4, 27 QR-Q1 27 Q-QR4, 

28 Q x KP 28 Kt-QB5ch, 29 P x Kt, and Black drew bv perpetual check. 



191 



FOUR KNIGHTS' GAME AND THREE KNIGHTS' 
GAME. 

The Four Knights' Game has scarcely a history outside of the tournaments 
and matches of the last six years. It is a conservative opening, leading to 
a free exchange of minor pieces at an early stage, and to a slow, cautious 
middle game. It avoids a speedy, direct attack with a small force, and 
brings the Kts and Bishops forward, as if to get rid of some of them with- 
out advantage on either side would facilitate matters. The admirers' of the 
opening for off-hand play are very few. 

The Three Knights' Game is less of a " trading-off" debut, and often 
quickly runs into fine combinations, resembling, however, those of better 
known openings. Its individuality is slight; and its recorded analysis, in 
English, at least, is brief. 



192 Table CXXI.— 4 KNIGHTS' AND 3 KNIGHTS' GAME. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


London 

Congress, 
1883 


New 

Orleans, 

1883 


Third 

French 

National 

Tourney, 

1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


1 


Schwarz 
Mackenzie 

P-K4 


Englisch 
Rosenthal 


Steinitz vs. 
Buck, Dunn, 
and Seguin 


Clerc 

De Riviere 


Blackburne 
Steinitz 

P-K4 


Steinitz 
Bird 


P-K4 








P-K4 




2 


Kt-KB3 








Kt-KB3 




Kt-QB3 








Kt-QB3 




3 


Kt-B3 
Kt-B3 








Kt-B3 
P-KKt3 




B-B4 15 


4 


B-Kt5 
B-B4 








P-Q4 

P x P 


Kt x P 


B-Kt5 6 


P-QR3 12 


Kt x Kt 


5 


0-0 


0-0 




B x Kt 


Kt x P 


P-Q4 


P-Q3 1 


0-0 




QP x B 


B-Kt2 


B-Q3 


6 


P-Q4 


P-Q3 


Kt-Q5 


Kt x P 


B-K3 


P x Kt 


P X P 


P-Q3 


Ktx Kt 


Kt x P 


Kt-B3 


B x P 


7 


Kt xP 


B-Kt5 


P x Kt 


Kt x Kt 


B-K2 


B-Q3 


B-Q2 


B x Kt 


Kt-K2 


Q-Q5 


O-O 


Kt-K2 


. 8 


Kt x Kt 

P xKt 


P x B 
P-KR3 7 


P-QB3 10 
B-H4 


0-0 


0-0 
Kt-K2 


0-0 


Q x KKt 


P-QB3 


9 


B-Q3 
O-O 


B-KR4 
B-Kt5 8 


P-Q6 
P x P 


R-Kl 
B-K3 


B-B3 
P-Q3 


Q-R5 
P-Q3! 


10 


Kt-R4 
B-Kt3 


P-KR3 
B-Q2 9 


P-Q4 
P-K5 


PQ4 

Q Q4 


Q-Q2 
Kt-Q2 


P-B4 

B-Q5eh 


11 


Kt x B 
RP x Kt 


R-Ktl 
P-QKt3 ? 


Kt-Kt5 
P-Q4 


Kt-QB3 


B-R6 
Kt-K4 


K-Rl 


Q-Q2 


P-KKt3 


12 


P-KB4 
Q-K2 


P-Q4 
R-Kl 


B-R4 


B-KKt5 
P-KR3 


B x B 
K x B 


Q-K2 


P-Q3 


K-Q2? 


13 


R-Kl 2 
P-Q4 


R-Kl 
P-Kt4 ? 


Q-R5 
B-B4 


Q-KR5 


B-K2 
P-KB3 


B-B4 


P-KKt3 


P-KB4 


14 


P x P 

Q-B4ch 


Kt x P! 
P x Kt 


B-Kt3 
B-KKt3 


Q-KR4 


P-B4 
Kt-B2 


R-Ql 


B-KKt2 


B x Kt 16 


15 


B-K3 
Qx QP 


B x P 
P xP? 


Q-K2 
P-KR3 


B-K3 
P-KKt4 


QR-Q1 
P-B3 


P x B 
P xP 


16 


P-B4 


P x P 


Kt-R3 


Q-KKr,3 


B-B4 


B-R3 


Q-Q3 


R-K4 ? 


P-KB4 


O-O-O 


B-Q2 


P-Q4 


17 


P-KR3 3 
P-B4 


P x R 
QKt x P 


Kt-B4 
B-B2 


QR-Q1 
P-KB4 


B x Kt 


Q x P 


R x B 


P-QKt4 


18 


Q-B2 


P-KB4 


P-KR4 


P-KB4 


P-I35 


B x KtP 


KR-K1 


Kt-Kt3 


Q-Q2 


B-KB3 


Kt-Bl 


P x B 


19 


QR-Q1 4 


B x B 


P-R5 


B-KB2 


P-K5! 


B x Kt 


Q-B3 


QxB 


K-R2 


Q-QB3 


BP x P 


K-B3 17 


20 


P-QKt3 
QR-Q1 5 


B x Kt + 


Q-K3 
B-Ql 11 


Q-K3 Kt-K6ch 
KR-K113 B x Kt 14 


Q-K5 


Q-Q2 18 



For Notes see next joage. 



4 KNIGHTS' AND 3 KNIGHTS' GAME.— continued. 193 



Notes to page 192. 



1 Mr. Sell man recalls the fact that, in the First American chess Congress (1S57'i, 

Morphy played at this point O-O, and won: and remarks that the termination 
was of such remarkable depth and brilliancy as to rank it. among-the immortal 
games. 

2 White has made a skillful opening. 

3 Tame. Mr. Ranken suggests as better 17 E-QB5 17 P x P, 18 Q-B2, followed next 

move by QR-Q1. 

4 Threatening B x RPcb, 

5 Continued: 21 B-B2 21 R x Rch, 22 B x II 22 R-Kl, 23 B-B3 23 P-Kt3, 24 B-Kt2 

24 B-Bl, 25Q-B3 25 K-Kt2 (inferior to R-K3;, 26 B-KB1 26 Q-K3, 27 P-KKM 
27 B-Kt'2, 28 P-Kt5 2s K-Bl, 29 P x Kt 29 Q-K5, 30 Q-Kt3 30 QrB7, :;i R-Kl ! (If 
Black captures the l: he loses his QJ ::i R-K5, 32 RxR 32 QxR, 33 B-K5 
33 P-KR4, 34 K B2 34 Q-B7ch, 35 B K2, and Black resigns. 

6 This game was the last played in the Congress, and resulted in Etiglisch tieing 

witli Mackenzie and Mason for fifth, sixth, ami seventh prizes. 

7 Mr. Steinitz says this is weal;. He prefers 8 Kt-K2. a move that can not be made 

after the KRP is moved. 

8 Lost time. He should play B-Q2 at once, 

9 The same authority prefers here 10 B x Kt, and 11 P-Kt-1 

10 The usual continuation is 8 Kt x 1' 8 Kt x P, 9 P-QB3, and White is thought to 

have slightly the better game. 

11 21Q-R3 21P-R4, 22 P-R4 22 QRB1, 23 B-Ql 23 R-B2, 24 R-R3 24 R-B3, 25 B-K2 

25 R-Kt3, 2ii B-Kt5 26 Q-Bl, 27 P-QKt3 27 Kt-Ktl, 28 P-QB4 (Mr. Steinitz pro- 
nounced this advance premature, and held that 28 B-Q2 would have given him 
a decided advantage^ 28 B-Kt4. Black won on the 80th move after a seven hours' 

contest, in three sittings. 

12 M. Rosenthal says the best move here is B-QKto. 

13 Continued: 21 Q-KR3 21 B-KK12 (M. Rosenthal believes Black could have won 

by 21 Qx BR), 22Q-KR5 22 R-lvKtl, 23 Q-KKtO 23 B-Q2 - (M. Rosentlial savs that 
this move gives Unite the better games 21 Q x Q 21 1' x Q, 25 B-KKt3 25 B-KB1, 

26 P-Q5? This weak move permitted the Blade KB to enter the game. Black 

won on the 46th move. 

14 Continued, 21 P x B 21 R-K2, 22 Q-Kt5 22 Q-Kl, 23 R-Q3 2iRxl':', 24 R-R3 

21 <2-K2, anil White mated in three moves. 

15 M. Zukertort says this is an inferior defense. He would bring out the other 

Kt, running into the Four Kls' Game. 

16 If B-Kt3 White wins with P-K5. 

17 If Q x B White would continue 20 R x Rch 20 K-Kl, 21 R-K5 +. 

18 Continued: 21 Q x R 21 Q x B, 22 R-Kl 22 Q-Q3, 23 R-K8 23 Q-Q2, 21 QR-K1 

21 Q-QB2, 25 Q-B6ch 25 K-Bl, 26 QR-KO 26 B x R, 27 R x 15, and Black resigns. 



194 



THE QUEEN'S BISHOP'S PAWN'S GAME. 

This opening is also known as "Staunton's Opening," and the " English 
Knight's Opening." 3 he "Synopsis" says without qualification that full 
analysis has shown that it is not to be recommended (or the first player. 
Chess periodicals may be examined for months without finding a specimen 
of it. Mr. Staunton said of it, in 1848, that "it deserves, and if we mistake 
not will yet attain, a higher place in the category of legitimate openings than 
has hitherto been assigned to i 1 ." Twenty-five years later he wrote that the 
opening had been grudingly admitted into favor, and that another quarter of 
a century would possibly be required to enable it "to take the rank it de- 
serves among our best debut." This opinion has not been verified, and there 
are but slight indications that it will be. 

Mr. W. N. Potter has recently written two brief articles on the openings, 
in which he takes, if not a favorable, at least a neutral position regarding its 
merits: " As to some defenses," he says, " we fancy the last words have yet 
to be said. Take, for instance, Steinitz's defense: 

WHITE. BLACK. 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4. 

2 Kt-KBS 2 Kt-QB3 

3 P-B3' 3 P-Q4! 

4 Q-QR4 4 P-KB3 

"This last move was adopted by Steinitz against Wisker, in 1868, and 
ever since its introduction on that occasion has been highly esteemed. Zu- 
kertort thought so well of 4 P-B3 that he adopted it against Rosenthal in 
their match. Wisker and Rosenthal both continued with 5 B-Kt-5; and 
Steinitz and Zukertort both replied with KKt-K2. Wisker then continued 
with 6 P x P, getting thereby a bad game. Rosenthal's continuation was 

6 P-Q3, and Zukertort answered with B Q2, whereupon followed seven 

7 P x P, Kt x P; and Black has undoubtedly the better game. Now accord- 
ing to our opinion, Rosenthal's sixth move was all right, but his seventh was 
a material aid to Black in developing. Let the moves be replayed: 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4 

2 Kt-KB3 2 Kt-QB3 

3 P-B3 3 P-Q4 

4 Q-R4 4 P-KB3 

5 B-Kto 5 KKt-K2 

6 P-Q3 6 B-Q2 

" We now play for White 7 Q-B2, and are unable to perceive that Black 
has the slightest superiority. This, by way of a first step, and because we 
do not want to infiict too' violent a shock upon those who assume that 
4 Q-R4 met by P-B3, subjects- White to a crushing disadvantage. 



195 

" It is a pity that the spirit of originality does not more obtain amongst 
analysts and players, instead <>f so much following of the bell. Well, there 
is 7 Q B2, by which move White means to keep the position as it is, quietly 
developed, and leave Black to unlock himself. The following is a probable 
variation, and it is one which we believe will be accepted with but slight 
modifications, as containing the best line of play on both sides: 7 Q-B2 
P-QR3, 8 B-R4 P-QKt4, 9 B-Kt3 B-K3, 10 O-O (B-E.3 has its claims, 
but it impedes the development of the QKt) Q-Q2, or Q-Q3, and the gam< 
seems to us about equal. Black's position is stronger in some respects, but 
he is subjected to counter-balancing disadvantages. Should he intend to 
castle on the King's side, there will be loss of time, and also a weakening ot 
his strong points. Should he castle on the Queen's side, he must prepare for 
a very formidable attack, and, indeed, such an operation seems out of the 
question, if theoretical doctrines and practical lessons stand for any thing. 
There are divers modifications, after arriving at White's tenth move, that 
are worth pointing out: 10 O-O Q Q2, 11 B-K3 Kt-Kt3, 12 R-Qsq, and 
White's game, is good, as he now threatens P-Q4 with effect, and, moreover, 
he now proposes to release QKt, seeing that, as the position stands, it can go 
to Q2, and thence to KBsq. The idea that the QKt could not go to Q2, on 
account of P-Q5, will be dispelled, if the student only took two moves be- 
fore him. Black, to prevent the QKt thus coming out, may bring his Q.11 
on to the scene. As to this we go back to White's tenth move — 10 O-O 
Q-Q2, 11 B-K3 Kt-Kt3, 12 R-Qsq R-Qsq. Here White may play 13 P Q4, 
which promises more than it can perform, but, which, nevertheless, performs 
quite enough for equality; or he may simplify by 13 P x P B x P, 
14 QKt-Q2, where we leave him fully developed, and subject to no inferior- 
ity of position." 

Mr. J. Reichhelm, of Philadelphia, does not agree with Mr. Potter as to 
White's ability to make an effective answer to Black's 4 P-KB3, which Mr. 
R. terms "a crushing rejoinder." 

He says: " Remember, it is part of Steinitz's system of play that, when 
the adverse King's Bishop is either off of the board or not in a situation to 
effectively play to QB4, then the King's Pawn is best defended by Pawn at 
BZ. This hinders all attacks of Kt or B-KKt5, and, in a great measure, bot- 
tles up the attack. 

Mr. Potter, in London " Land and Water," proposes that the first player 
shall continue thus, his innovation resting upon White's seventh move: 

5 B-Kt5 5 Kt-K2 

6 P-Q3 G B-Q2 

7 Q-B2 

" ' And White,' says Mr. Potter, ' is under no disadvantage.' Even assum- 
ing this to bo absolutely correct, if the first player is compelled to battle 
to barely hold his own in the position so early as the seventh move, this 
opening may be quietly laid away on the shelf." 

Resuming the subject in the second article Mr. Potter remarks that he does 
not allege that '•Staunton's Opening " is a particularly good method of com- 
mencing, but his position is that the maledictions heaped upon it by analysts 



198 



are, in his opinion, undeserved. " We lately gave our reasons," he says, 
"for supposing that (the line of play given above) yields no such game as 
White should fear, and we rather fancy the same may be said of the forms 
of 3 P-Ql. At any rate they, with 3 P-KB4, may wait until there is more 
demand for an examination of their claims than at present exists. The most 
formidable enemy of the "Staunton Attack" is 3 Kt-KB3. The recognized 
reply is 4 P-Q4, with Kt x KP or P-Q4 en Black's rejoinder. Here Mr. Ed- 
ward Marks steps in and proposes P x P as another fourth move that Black 
can adopt. He sends us an analysis, wherefrom we extract the following 
lines (beginning each time at White's third move) : 3 P-B3 Kt-B3, 4 P-Q4 
P x P, 5 P x P B-Kt5ch, with the better game. 3 P-B3 Kt-B3, 4 P-Q4 
P x P, 5 Kt x P Kt x P, and again Black for choice. 3 P-B3 Kt-B3, 

4 P Q4 P x P, 5 B-KKt5 P x P, and such attack as White may have will 
scarcely compensate him for being a Pawn behind. 3 P-B3 Kt-B3, 4 P-Q4 
P x P, 5 P-K5. Black has three replies, namely, 5 Kt-Q4 5 Kt-K5, and 

5 Q-K2. Mr. Marks sends us variations upon each, but they open up issues 
that can not be satisfactorily dealt with in the limits at our disposal. We 
may, however, mention as one of the main points that Black threatens to 
break up White's center by P-Q3, on which account Mr. Steinitz, to whom 
Mr. Marks submitted his variations, condemned White's game as a whole. 

"Our own examination of 4 P-Q4 P x P, has not had the effect of making 
us perfectly assured of the goodness of Mr. Marks' defense; but that ques- 
tion becomes of minor importance in our eyes on account of the general 
feeling we have against P-Q4 itself. We prefer either 4 Q-K4, or 4 B-Kt5. 
The former, if we mistake not, is now suggested for the first time ; while as to 
the latter, though not new, it has been hitherto wrongly continued. We 
will take them in succession: 4 Q-R4 B-K2, 5 B-Kt5, with the better game. 
4 Q-R4 P-Q4, 5 Kt x P, and White for choice. 4 Q-R4 P-QR3, 5 B-B4 
(if 5 B-Kt5, then Kt x P, and Black appears to us to obtain the superiority, 
though on this point we would be gladly convicted of error, whereas P x B 
we do not fear) P-Q4, 6 P x P Kt x P, 7 Kt x P Q-K2, 8 B x Kt Q x Ktch, 
9 Q-K4, and White is a Pawn ahead with no disadvantage in position. 
Had Black played 7 P-QKt4, then 8 Kt x Kt, to say nothing of 8 B x KtP, 
which could, however, have been profitably played. As far as we can see 
4 Q-R4 can stand. It is obvious that P-QR3, 5 B-B4 Kt x P, 6 B x Pch 
K x B, 7 Q x Kt, produces no inferiority for White; to say no more, and 
therefore after 4 Q-R4 P-QR3, 5 B-B4, Black appears to have nothing bet- 
ter than B-K2 or B-B4. Either of those moves is doubtless good enough 
for equality, but Black ought to aim at something more than an even game, 
if the unfavorable opinions of various analysts are to be maintained. It is 
true that, after 4 Q-R4, Black can play at once B-B4; but then 5 B Kt5, and 
White has rather the better game. 

" As to the other line mentioned, namely, 4 B-Kt5, the usual continuation 
is Kt x P, 5 O-O, but we would play 5 Q-K2 Kt-Q3, 6 Kt x P, and if 
White suffer from any inequality we should like it to be made known to us." 

We conclude this debate on a neglected opening with a game, at this debut, 
played in July, 1883, at the Nuremberg Congress, with notes from the Lon- 
don " Field " : 



197 



WHITE. BLACK. 

WINAWEK RI K.MANN 

1 P-K4 1 P-K4 

2 Kt-KB3 2 Kt-QB3 

3 P-B3 3 P-Q4 

4 Q-B4 4 P x P 1 

5 Kt x P 5 QQ4 

6 Kt x Kt 6 P x Kt 

7 P-Q4 7 P x Pe. p. 

8 B x P 8 Q x B 2 

9 Q x Pch 9 K-Ql 

10 Q x R 10 B Q3 

11 B-K3 3 11 Kt-B3 

12 Kt-Q2 4 12 Kt-Q4 

13 P-KR4 13 K-K2 5 

14 Q x P 14 B-Kt5 

15 Kt-B3 15 Kt x P 

16 P x Kt 16 Q x Pch 

17 K-K2 17 Q-B5ch 

18 K-Ql 18 B x Ktch 

19 P x B 19 Q-Q4ch 

20 B-Q2 20 Q x Pch 

21 K-B2 21 Q-K5ch 

22 K-Kt3 22 Q-Q4ch 

23 K-B2 23 Q-K5ch 

Drawn game. 



1 Inferior. 4 P-B3 is the proper continuation, 

2 This capture is unsound, and ought to involve the loss of the game if properly 

followed up by Black. 

3 If White had played now 11 Q B3, Black's game would have been irretrievably 

lost. Winawer remarked that he knew the move well enough, and played this 
variation on the strength of it; but, somehow, at the last moment, changed 
his mind. 

4 Now it is too late to retire Q-B3, because of 12 B-KKt5, etc. 

5 13 R-Kl would have been more forcible, and probably have won the game. If, 

in answer, White castles, Black wins with 14 Kt x P, etc. 



198 



THE QUEEN'S PAWN COUNTER GAMBIT— THE HUN- 
GARIAN DEFENSE. 

These openings are not brought near together because they have any re- 
semblance; indeed, they are antithetical. In the Queen's Pawn Counter 
Gambit Black at once tries to seize the attack. In the Hungarian Defense 
the second player takes a very quiet line of play, looking to a safe and sub- 
stantial development of his game, before either sustaining or attempting a 
serious attack. The Queen's Pawn Counter Game does not stand high in the 
esteem of analysts. The Hungarian Defense has not received much atten- 
tion from them, the debut being so conservative that, like a fortunate people> 
it has but little history. It enables Black to avoid the Evans and kindred 
attacks, and it is believed to be sound in all respects. The fact that it is not 
mentioned by Staunton, Bird, Wormald, Gossip, or Cook is due to its not 
having attracted much notice from players and analysts. The reputation 
it has is fair. 



Table CXXII— QUEEN'S PAWN COUNTER GAMBIT. 199 





1 


2 




3 


4 


5 




P-K4 












1 


P-K4 












o 


Kt KB3 












<u 


P-Q4 




3 


Px P 












QxP 




4 


Kt-B3 












ti-U4 




5 


B-B4 

Kt-QBo 












6 


O-O 
B-KKto 1 


P-Q3 3 
B-QKt5 










B-K3 




7 


BxKBPeh2 

K x B 


B-Q2 
Kt-B3 ! 




B x B 






P x B 




8 


Kt-Kt5ch 


P-QR3 




0-0 






K moves 


B x Kt 




O-O-O 






9 


QxB + 


B x B 

Q-B4 




R-Kl 








B0„3 


P-KK3 




10 




O-O 




Kt-Kto + 


P-QR3 








B-KKt5 


4 




B-Q3 


Q-B4 


11 




P-QK14+ 5 




B-Q2 


P-QKt4 












Kt-B3 


Q-Q3 


12 










P-QKt4 + 


B-Kt2 + 



1 We are indebted to Mr. George Tatnall, Wilmington, Del., for the analysis on 

this page. 

2 It is strange that this move has been overlooked. Mr. Staunton and others even 

proceed a few moves, and give Black an even game. 

3 After diligent analysis, Mr. Tatnall regards this move as very strong. He says 

it wins a P for White, or gives him a great superiority in position. 

4 He dare not castle. 

5 These were the opening moves in a same in the Commercial Gazette Correspond- 

ence Tourney between Mr. Tatnall and Mr. J. W. Shaw, Montreal, Canada. 
White obtained the advantage in the opening but through some minor errors 
did not win until the SOth move. 



200 Table CXXIII.— HUNGARIAN DEFENSE. 



P-K4 



3 
4 
5 

6 
7 
8 
9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 



P-K4 
Kt-KB3 

B-B4 
B-K2 
P-Q4 



O-O 1 



Paulsen 
Knorre 



P-Q3 

0-0 P x P P-Q5 — 



Kt-B3 P x 1 J 2 Kt-Ktl —3 

P-Q5 QxQ- 

QKt-Ktl B x Q — 
Kt-B3 







P x P 


P-QB3 4 




0-0 


Kt-KB3 


P-KB4 


Kt-B3 


Q-B2 


Q-Kt3 


Pv-Kl 


O-O 5 


Kt-QR4 6 O-O 


B-K2 


Q-Pv4ch 


P-K5 


B-KKt5 


P-QB3 


Kt-Kl 


B K3 — 


B x KKt 
R x Kt 


Kt x P 




P-Q4 




P x-KP+ 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt 
B-Q3 
P-Kt3 
Kt-Q2 




Kt-Kt2 






Kt-B3 






P-B3 7 






Kt-Q4 8 






P x P 






Kt x P 




Q-Q3 






Kt xKP 






B-Pv5 9 






P-KKt3 






B-B3 






QB-B4 




P-Kt4 






Kt B7 






Q-Kt3 






Kt x P 






B x Kt 






B x B 



QxBPch 10 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXXIII. continued.— HUNGARIAN DEFENSE. 201 



Notes to page 200. 

1 Mr. Potter considers that Black lias an excellent same. Black now proposes to 

play Kt-Kl, followed by P-KB4. with a probability, unless met with nice play, 
of obtaining a superiority in position. In playin.tr :i B-K2 Mr. Potter says that 
Black supports his <i at the verj moment she wants support. 

2 Kt x P will not do. Kt x P, 6 Kt x Kt 6 P x Kt, 7 Q-KR5 + 

3 White's move. 5 P-Q5, lias the effect of depriving White of the slight advantage 

properly belonging to the lirst move. Mr. Potter remarks that extended analy- 
sis of the Hungarian is not required, simplicity being its special characteristic. 
The ffnvdb tick's suggested variation at this point is :■ P-Q5 5 Kt-Ktl 6 B-Q3 
<3 B-KKto. 7 0-0 7 Kt-Kl!;. 8 P-QB4 8 P-QB3, 9 Kt-QB3 IU-QR3. 

4 This, and the following column, are from the German Handbuch. 5 P-QB3 seems 

to be a better move for White than those suggested by Mr. Potter. 

5 If 6 B-KKt5, 7 B-QKt5. IfGPxP, 7PxP7 P-Q4, S P x P X Kt x P, 9 B-Kt5 + 

6 If (3 Kt-KB3, 7 Kt-KKt5 7 Kt-R4, 8 Q-R4ch S P-QB3, 9 B-KG + 

7 Premature, since itaffords White the opportunity for commencing an immediate 

attack. 

8 Best. This, as will be seen anon, obtains a decided advantage in position. 

Black has already a very difficult game to play. 

9 B-B3 is better. 

10 Continued: 21 K-Rl 21 B-R6 (B-Kt> would be Still better), 22 B-KB1 22 B«H, 
23 R x B 23Q-QB4, 24 B-IU 24 QR-K1, 25 Q-Q2 25 IU-K3, 26 B-R6 26 R x Rch, 
27 R x R 27 Q-B5, 28 Q-Kl 28 Kt-Bl, and White announced mate in five moves. 



102 



THE VIENNA GAME— STEINITZ GAMBIT— FYFE 
GAMBIT— HAMPE THOROLD ALLGAIER GAMBIT. 

The Vienna Game, with its ramifications, is the subject of much interest 
in the Chess world, and some important discoveries have been made in it 
within a year or two. 

The Steinitz Gambit, formerly considered a remarkable combination of 
ingenuity and bold movement of the King, has doubtless met its fate in a 
simple discovery by the Rev. G. A. MacDonnell that Black in the opening 
moves has the option of forcing a draw. Mr. Steinitz has hardly yet con- 
ceded the downfall of the gambit; but his attempted vindication of it in the 
London Congress had a disastrous effect on his score. 

The Fyfe Gambit, which is not referred to in the "Synopsis," was intro- 
duced early, in 1883, by Mr. Fyfe, of the Glasgow Chess Club. Mr. Black- 
burn e gave it a brief examination, during a visit to Glasgow, and is said to 
have expressed the opinion that the gambit leads to an even game. 

A revival of interest has occurred in the Hampe-Allgaier Gambit; espec ; - 
ally in what may be called the Hampe-Allgaier-Thorold. The text books 
have given the beauties and difficulties of this opening but little attention. 
We present the substance of an analysis of it by ~W. Timbrell Pierce, pub- 
lished in the " British Chess Magazine," 1881. 



Table CXXIV -VIENNA OPENING. 203 



1 


2 




3 


4 


5 


6 


Vienna 

Congress. 

L882 


St. T.nnis, 

1SS1 




Match 

l'iiris, 
1881 


Pa ris, 
1S82 


Second 
French 
National 

Ton me v, 
1881 " 


Cincinnati, 
1381 


Schwarz 
Winawer 


Zukertort 
Max Judd 


i) 


lore 

e Riviere 


Clerc and 
De Riviere 

ys. Steinitz 


Clerc 

Chamier 


Zukertort 

Ettlinger 



P-K4 



P-K4 
QKt-B3 



B-B4 Kt-QB3 

Kt-B3 P-KBt B-QKto 3 _ Kt-KB3 

P-Q3 P-Q3 ~ Kt-lii 4 P-QK3 Kt-KB3 

Kt-QR4 KKt-B3 Kt-KB3 B-Pv4 B-QKt5 

B-Kt3 KKt-B3 Kt^QolT P-KKt3 B-QKto \K(r] 

Kt x B B-B4 B-QR4 6 Kt-B3 0-0 18 p.Q4 

KP x Kt 0-0 Kt x Ktc-n B-Kt2 O-O B-Q2 

B-B4 1 P-Q3 Q x Kt P-Q3 p -Q 3 0-0 

B-Kt-3 P-B3 P-QB3 7 Kt-Q-3 1 S -Q3 P-KK3 



- P-KR3 P x P P-Q3 Kt-K2 _ P-KB3 19 b x Kt 

' B-K4 PxP P-QR4 8 Kt x KKtch Xt-K2 B x B 

Q P-Q3 Kt-K2 P-QR3 P x Kt B-KKt5 p x p 



-K3 Q-K2 " P-QKtl Q-K5 P-0.B3 Kt x P 

Q P-KKt4 Kt-Kt3 B-Kt3 P-B3 12 B-B4 P x P 

9 B-Kt3 P-QKt4 pTtp Q-K6 ~~ K-Rl ! Q x P 

-.,. KRKtl B Kt3 0-0 P-KB4 Kt-KR120Q-K2 



11 



P-Q153 Kt-R3 P-Kii3 Q-Kt7 KKt-KKt 1 P-KB4 

Q-K2 Q-K2 Q-KKt3 Kt-Kt3 Q-KR5 21 Kt-Q2 



Kt-Q2 K-lil P-KK14 P-KK4 P-KKt3 O-O-O 

12 P-R3 _ Kt-R4 2 B-K3 P-R4 Q-K2 Q Kt x Kt 
Flti B-KKto QK2 P-QKt4 P-KB3 P x Kt 

13 B -R2 _ Q-Bl P-KB3 9 B-Kt3 _ B-Q2 Kt x P 
Kt-Kt3 Kt x KP J^KKV2T P-Q3 P-KKt4 Q-Kt3 

11 B-K3 Kt.(Ri).r,5 Q-KB2 Q-K2! 13_ Kt-KB3 Kt-Kt3 

P-QU4 IJ-CJl " B-QK3 P x i' 14~ Kt-KKt3 P-R4 

] 5 P-B3 _ B-R6 P-KR410 B x P KI-KR2 P-K33 

Q-K2 B-B7eh Kt-Q2 BTKio B x Kt B-B4eh 

1 6 P-KU4 Q x B Q-Kt3 Q-Bl P x B K-Rl 
Un^ Kt x Q B-KB3 Q-B6 15 Q-K2 P-R5 

1 7 P-Kt5 B x Pch P-KRo B-Kt5 P-QR4 _ Kt-K4 
P7K4 K-Ktl Kt-QB4 P-KB3 Q-KKt2 " KR-K1 

18 Kt-Q2 K x Kt B-QR2 B-Ql 16 Q-KR5 B-B4 



B-Kt3 li-Kl P-QKt5 P x B B-Q2 P-R6 

19 Kt-Bl B-R6 P x P B x Q B x Kt 22 QR-K1 
(fM B x Kt PTP lixii K x b R-Q5 

20 P-KB4 Kt x B B x Kt 11 P x P 17 Kt-KKt4 B-Kt3 



P x P+ Kt-B4 + P x Kt Kt-K2! Q K2 23 QB x Kt24 

Game drawn. 

For Notes see next page. 



204 Table CXXIV. continued.— VIENNA OPENING. 



Notes to page 203. 



1 P-Q4 is the usual move. 

2 B-Q2 was the proper move. 

3 M. Rosenthal, from whose notes to this game we quote, does not approve of this 

move. He regards it as losing time. White should play 3 B-QB4 or Kt-KB3. 

4 Black should have played here B-QB4, followed by P-Q3, a-position identical 

with one in the Ruy Lopez. 

5 The proper play B-QKto, 5 Kt-Q5 5 Kt x Kt or B-K2. 

6 B-QB4 is better. 

7 B-QB4, followed by O-O, is preferable. 

8 This attack on the Q side is premature, the Pawns on this side being weakened 

for the end game. 

9 Weak. P-Q4 should have been played. 

10 A premature attack. 

11 M. Rosenthal would have preferred 20 Kt-K2 20 O-O!, 21 B x Kt 21 P x B, 

22 Q-B2, followed by Kt-K Kt3+. The game was equal at the 38th move; but, 
through Black's weak play at that point. White won on the 58th move. 

12 Lost time. He should have played at once 9 P-KB4 9 P x P, 10 Kt x P, because 

now B x KtP is not to be feared. 

13 B-Q5 would have been fatal. 

14 In seeking to avoid the exchange of Queens, Mr. Steinitz did not observe that 

his Q had no good square to go to. M. Rosenthal says he should have played 
14 Kt-B3, 15 Q-Bl, and then retreat. 

15 This mistake should have lost the game. He should have accepted the ex- 

change of Queens, then played Kt-K2, remaining with a good game. 

16 Too hasty with the attack. B-K3 would have won easily. 

17 If R moves Black makes the paralyzing reply P-Kt5. 

18 The usual attack is Kt-Q5. 

19 M. Rosenthal, in a general way, dislikes this move. It opens the way for a com- 

bination in which an adversary can sacrifice his QB. 

20 Lost time. Kt-K2 was the move. 

21 Again lost time. 

22 Weak. White should have kept his B to take part in a counter attack. 

23 Continued, 21 Kt-KR6 21 R-KKt2, 22 KR-QKtl 22 R-QKtl. 23 P-QR5 23 Q-KB1, 

24 P-KKt3 24 Kt-K2, 25 P-KR4 25 P x P. a weak move. Black could have won a 
P and the game at this point by P-KKt5. After a protracted struggle, Black 
won. 

24 21 P x R 21 R x P and White resigns. One of twelve simultaneous games played 

by Dr. Zukertort. 



Table CXXV.-HAMPE-ALLGAIEE-THOEOLD. 205 





1 


2 




3 


4 


5 


6 


1 


P-K4 














P-K4 














2 


Kt-QB3 

Kt-C2B3 














3 


P-B4 

1'xP 














4 


Kt-B3 














P-KKt4 














5 


P-KR4 
P-Kt5 














6 


Kt-KKt5 
P-KR3 1 

Kt x P 
K x Kt 














7 


Kt-K4 

PQ4 

P-KB3 


P-Q3 
B-B4 




Kt-K4 


8 


P-Q4 
JP-Q3 2 










B x P 13 
Kt-Kt3 


B-Kt3 




P-Q4 


P-KR3 


9 


B x P 3 
B-Ivt2 








P x P 

QKt-K2 


Kt x P 
K. x Kt 


P-Q4 
P x Kt 


10 
11 


B-B4ch 
K-Kt3 4 
B-K3 5 
K-K2 6 
Q-Q3 7 
KKt-K2 8 


0-0 
Q x P 






B-QC4 
K-KV2 
B x P 


B-B4eh 

P-Q4 

Kt x P — 


Pxlvl 14 


12 


KKt-B:J 

B-K5 

Kt-Kt3 




13 


0-() 
Ivt-Kto 9 


Q-Q3 

Kt -K-j 






P-Pt5 

Kt x B 






14 


Q-Q2 
P-Q4 


P-K5ch 
KiKt3 






P x Kt 








Kt- K2 




In 


P x P 


Kt-Qo 
P-Kt6 


B- 




Q-Q3 

(2-Kt4 








B-B4 -f- 


K3 




16 




R-B7I+ 10 


Q 


x Ktch 


Kt-K4 
Q x KP 








K 


xQ 




17 






B-Q3ch 
K-H4 11 


0-0 








B-Q3 




18 






Kt-B4ch 
K-Kt4 


Kt x B 

Q x Kt 






19 






Kt 
K- 


x Bch 
K4 


Qll-Kl 
K-Bl ! 






20 






Kt 


mates. 


Pv x R 








Kt x K12 





For Note* see next page. 



208 Table CXXV. cont'd.— HAMPE-ALLGAIER, ETC. 



Notes to page 205. 



1 If Black plavs 6 P-KB3, the following is likely: 7 QxP 7 P-KR4 (if 7 Kt-K4, 

8 Q-R5ch 8 Kt-Kt3, 9 Kt-R3, etc.), 8 Q-B5 8 QKt-K2, 9 Q x P at B5 9 P x Kt, 
10 Q-K5 10 R-R3, 11 B-B4, with a strong attack. 

2 If 8 P-B6 White proceeds 9 B-B4ch, or 9 B-KB4 as in the usual Allgaier, but with 

a better chance. 

3 White may check with B either on this or the next move. If White, 9 B-B4ch 

Black's should reply K-Kt3, in order to play B-Kt2. 

4 Better than K-Kl, as the continuation then would be 11 B-K3 11 Q-K2, 12 Q-Q2, 

followed by 13 O-O-O. with a strong game. 

5 This moves seems essential to protect the QP. White may, however, try 11 P-K5, 

and Black can hardly venture to take the P because of the continuation 
12 P-Rdch 12 K-B3!, 13 B or P x Pch, etc. Black's best replv is probably 11 B-l',4, 
12 P-R5ch 12 K-R2, 13 B-K6 13 KKt-K2, 14 B x Bch 14 Kt x B, 15 Q x P or Q-Q3, 
If Black reply 11 KKt-K2, White proceeds 12 P-R5ch 12 K-R2, 13 P-K6!, and 
Black has a difficult game. White might also play with equal force 11 P-R5ch 
and 12 P-K5. 

6 Game Zukertort-Hirschfeld, the object being to prevent White from castling. 

In another game between the same plavers occurred this variation: 11 KKt-K2, 

12 0-0 12 R-Bl, 13 Q-Q2 13 K-U2, 14 Rx R 14 Q x R, 15 R-Bl 15 Q-Kl!, 16 B-B7 
16Q-R1!, 17 Kt-Q5! + . 

7 Mr. Pierce's latest opinion is that White's best move is to castle. (See next 

column.) 

8 If Kt-Kt5, White wins with 13 P-K5ch. 

9 Best. If 13 R-Bl, White continues 14 Kt-Q5, and wins. 

10 Threatening Kt-B6ch. 

11 If B-B4, 18 R x B, with the better game, threatening R-R5disch. If K x R, 

White mates in three. 

12 This correspondence sfame between Mr. W.T. Pierce (White) and Mr. P. Budden 

is continued: 21 Q-QB3ch 21 K-B2, 22 R-Blch 22 K-Kl(the move actually played 
was K-Ktl, but the text move is stronger), 23 Q-Kt7 23 Q-K2, 24 Q-KtS, and 
White should now recover his piece and win by B-Q3 and B-Kt6. 

13 P x Kt is bad, for then ensues 8 P x Kt, 9 Q x P 9 P-Q3, 10 Q-Ql (of course White 

can not take KtP with Q) 10 P x P at K5, with much the better game. 

14 And Black appears to have the advantage slightly. Black can not very well 

capture KP because of 11 B x Pch 11 K-K2, 12 Q x Qch, 12 K x Q, 13 B x Kt 

13 R x B, 14 P x P 14 R x P?, 15 R-RS 15 K-Kl, 16 Kt-Q5+. 



Table CXXVI.-HAMPE-ALLGAIER-THOROLD. 207 



P K4 
P-K4 



Kt-QB3 



P-B4 



K.t-QB3 



I' 



P-KR4 
P-Kt5 



6 



K t-K 1 •"» 
KKKJT 



Kt-P,3 
P-KKt4 



Kt x P 
K x Kt 



10 



11 



12 





London, 
1881 


N'nv 

Orleans, 

1884 


Chicago, 

ISM 


St. Louis, 
1884 


( 'orre- 

spondenee 

Game 


London 




Wnvte 
Zuliertort 


Zukertort 
Ernst 


Zukertort 

Adair 


Zukertort 
Ilaller 


Monck 

Jarvis 


Mepliisto 
Tschigoi in 


8 


P-Q4 
P-Q3 












P-Q4 


P-KB6 




9 


B-B4eb 
K-Kt3 1 




P x P 




B-B4ch 

Klin" 




K-Kl 


QK1-K2 


K-Kt2 


10 


B x P 2 
B-Kt2 


J3 x P 


B-QB4 
K-Kt2 




P xP 
B-K2 


P x P 


B-Kt2 


B-K2 


11 


B-K3 


B-K3 


0-0 


B x P 


B-K3 


B-K3 


K-R2 


Q-K2 


P-KBU 


Kt-Kt3 


B x RPch 


B x Pen 


12 


Q-Q3 3 
KKt-K2 


0-0 
Q x RP 


P x P 


B-K5ch 
Kt-B3 


K-Q2 
P-Q3 


K-Q2 


P-KKt6 


P-Q4 ? 


13 


0-0-0 
K-Bl 


R-B7 
P-Kt6 


B-KB4 


0-0 8 
Kt xB 


Q-K2 12 
B-B3 


P x P 


Kt-KB4 


Kt-R4? 


14 


QK-B1 


R x B 


B-K5ch 


P x Kt 


Q-R2 


B-Q3 


Kt-Kt5 


Q-R7ch 


Kt-KB3 


B-B4ch 


Q-K2 


B-K2 


15 


QQ2 
P-Q4 


K-Bl 
Q-R8ch 


Kt-K4 
B-K2 


K-R2 
Kt-K5 


Kt-Q5 


P x P 


Q-Kt2 


Kt-KB;3 


16 


K xK 
B x R 


B-Ktl 


Q-Q2 
K-KB1 


P-KKt3 
Kt x Kt 


P-B3 
P-K R4 


B x Pch 


Kt-B3 ! 


R x B 


17 


P x P 
B-B4 


E-B7 5 

Kt-Kt5 ! 


Q-KB4 
K-R2 


P x Kt 
R-Bl 


QR-KKtl 
K-^l 


P-Kt5 + 


18 


R-Bl 
Q-Q2 


Kt-Q5 
Kt-R7ch 


B-Q3 


Q-Q2 
B-Q2 9 


P x P 
QB x P 




KtxP|Q5j 




19 


P-R3 
Kt x DP 


K-K2 
B-Ktoeh 


Q-KKt4 

Kt-(Q4)-K6 


P-K6 
R x R 


B-K2 
K-Q2 




^0 


B-Ktl 4 


K-Q3 


Q-KR5 


R x R 


Q-B4 






P-KR4! 


13 x Q 


B x RP 


B-Kl 


R-Bl 




21 


R x B 
Q xR 


KtxBPch 
K-Ql 


KR-K1 
Kt Q4 


Q-B4 
Q-K2 


R x P 




R x R 13 




22 


B-Q3 
B-Ro 


R x B 


R-K2 
Kt-QKt5 


QxPchlO 
K-Rl 


B x Bch 




Q x P 


K-Ql 




23 


K x Kt 


B-Kt3 


B-QB4 


B-Q3 


B x R + 






B x Q + 


Kt-lio 6 


Kt x QP 7 


Q-Kt2 11 







For Notes see next page. 



208 Table CXXVI. cont'd— HAMPE-ALLGAIEE, ETC. 



Notes to page 207. 



1 Mr. Potter, in notes to this game, expresses dissatisfaction with this move. He 

dislikes it equally in the Thorold-Allgaier, although upheld by Zukertort. 
Steinitz, and Wayte. 

2 The object here, as in Mr. Thorold's variation of the Allgaier, is to clear the KB 

file for the R. Nevertheless, Mr. Potter says, having regard to the position of 
the Black K, he prefers for White 10 Kt-Q5, as putting a useful piece in action, 
and anticipating Black's B-K2. 

3 Q-Q2 would be better. 

4 If 20 R x B 20 Kt x B, 21 x Kt 21 Kt x R, 22 B-Q3 22 B-Q3!, 23 Q-B2 23 R-KB1+. 

5 Mr. Zukertort afterward pronounced this weak, and said 17 Kt-Q5 might have 

maintained the attack. The variations, however, are very complicated. 
17 R x P would be bad for White on account of 17 R-KB1, 18 Q-Q3 18 QKt-Kt5+. 

6 Continued, 24 B-K3 24 Kt-K4ch, 25 P x Kt 25 Kt x Pch, 26 K-B3 26 Kt x R, 27 Kt x R 

27 Q x P, 28 B x QRP 28 K-K2, £9 Kt-Ktfi 29 Q-K6ch, 30 R interp. 30 Q-B4ch, 
31 K-Q2 31 Q-R4ch, and White resigns. 

7 Continued, 24 R-Q2 24 Kt x Pch, 25 Q x Kt 25 R x Q, 26 R x Q, 26 B x R, and White 

resigns. 

8 Mr. Ranken says this is an error, and that White should have played instead 

P-R5. 

9 But now Black in his turn is faulty. He ought to plant the B at KB4, and on 

White's playing R-B4, in order to double his Rooks, the Q might go to Ksq, 
and afterward to Kt3. 

10 Mr. Ranken thinks Q-K5ch would have given White an advantage. 

11 Continued, 24 Q-K4 24 B-Q3, 25 R-B3 25 B-R4, 26 R-K3 26 B-QB4, 27 R-K2 27 B xR, 

and White resigns. 

12 P x P would.be dangerous on account of B-Kt4. 

13 B x R, giving up the Q, would be better. 



Tabl3 CXXVII.— STEINITZ GAMBIT— FYFE G'T. 209 





1 


2 


3 


1 


2 


3 




London 


London 


German- 


Glasgow, 


Glasgow, 


Glasgow, 




Congress, 


Congress, 


town Pa., 


1883 


1883 


1883 




Ins:; 


ins;; 


1883 










Stelnitz 


Steinltz 


Steinitz 


Spens and 


Spens aii'l 


Spens and 




Englisch 


Tschlgorin 


Shipley 


Fyfe 

Crum and 
Thomson 


Fyfe 
Crum and 

Thomson 


Fyfe 

Crum and 

Prevot 


1 


P-K4 






P-K4 






P-K4 






P-K4 






o 


Kt-QB3 






Kt-QB3 






_J 


Kt-QB3 






Kt QB3 






3 


P-B4 






P-Qt 10 






P xP 






Kt x P 






4 


P-Q4 






P-KB4 






Q-K5ch 






B-QKt5 






,j 


K-K2 
P-Q4 (a) 






Kt-KB3 

Kt-QBJ 








B x Ktch 


6 


P x P 
Q-K2ch 






P-KR5 11 
Kt-KB3 




Px B 




B-Kt5cn 


Kt x Kt 


7 


K-B2 




Kt-B3 


B-KKt5 




Q x Kt 


Q-R5ch 1 




O-O-O 


P-Q3 




P x P 


8 


P-KKt3 2 




P x Kt 


P-QU3 




B x P 15 


P x Pen 




B-QBi 


B-QR4 12 




Kt-K2 


9 


K-Kt2 




P x Pch 


PQKt4 




Q-KKt3 


B-Q3 3 




K-ivtl 


B-QKt3 




Kt-Kt316 


10 


P x Kt 4 


Q-Klch 


Kt-Kto 


Kt-Q5 




B x P 


P x KP 


QKt-K2 


Kt-B3 


Kt-Q5 




Q-R5 


11 


Q-B3 


P x P 


K-Q3 


Kt x Kt(Q5) 


Kt x B 


Q xQ 




P x Kt(Q)ch 


QxQP 


B-B4ch 


B xKt 


Kt x Ktch 


Kt x Q 


12 


K x Q 


R-R4 7 


K-B3 


P-QB3 


Q x Kt 


B-Q6! 


Q x Pch 


Q-B3 


Kt-K5ch 


B-KB7cii! 


RP x Kt 


K-Ql 


13 


B-K3 


Kt-K4 


K-Kt3 


K-K2 


B-QB4 


B-QB1 


Q-B3 


Q-Kto 


Q-B3 


Kt x Kt! 


n-q-2 


R-Kl 


14 


Q-K2 5 


B-Q3 


Q-Kl 


B x Q 


0-0 


O-O 




Kt-K2 


B-B4 


KH-K1 


Kt x Pch 


P-QB3 


P-KB3 


15 


B-Kt2 


Kt x Bch8 


B-Q3 


K x B 


KR-Q1 


B-KB7 


P x P 


P xKt 


lixQP 


Kt x Qch 


P-QKt4 


RxP 


16 


Kt-K4 


B-Kt5ch 


KKt x B 


R x Kt. 


B-Kt3 


QR Kl 




Q-Kt3 


K-Bl! 


Kt-B4ch 


k x i; 


Q-Kt3ch 


Kt-KB4' 


17 


P-B4 


P-B4 


K-B4 


B QB4 


K-Rl 


B-KB4 


B-KKt5 


Kt-KB3 


R x Q 


P-KB3 


PQB4 


R-K3 


IS 


Q-KB2 


Kt-B3 


R xR 


P-KKt4 ' 


B x Kt 


P-KKt4 




O-O 


B-Kto 


Kt x B 


K-K2 


PxB 


Kt-K5 


19 


QR-K1 


Kt-Q4 


P x Kt 


P-KR4 


Q-K3 


BxR 




Kt-B4 


Kt-B4 


P-QR3 


P-KR3 


R-R3 


PxB 


9,0 


Kt x B 
Kt x B 6 


Kt x Kt 
Q x Kt 9 


P-QR4 

PxKtch + 


KR-KKtl 
B-Q2 13 


PxP 

Q x P J4 


B-R6? 




P x B 17 



For Notes see next page. 



210 Table CXXVII.— STEINITZ GAMBIT— EYFE GAMBIT. 



Notes to page 209. 

(a) Mr. C. E. Ranken says (1884;: "This move undoubtedly, in our opinion, initi- 
ates the true defense to the Steinitz Gambit, l'or, if now P x P, it enables Black 
to draw, if he pleases, by Q-K2ch, etc.; or to institute, as the game (Col. 3; ex- 
emplifies, a, severe, if not fatal attack, at the temporary cost of a piece. If, on 
the other hand, the Kt x P. Black obtains a decisive advantage by 6 B-Kt5ch, 
7 Kt-B3, O-O-O, S P-B3 or B x'P, P-B4, etc." 

1 This repetition of checks by the Qusen, alternately at KR5 and K2, has ap- 

parently demolished the Steinitz Gambit as an attack. White must either con- 
cede a draw at this early stage, or take very hazardous risks. 

2 This assuming of the risks referred to in a great international contest was 

plucky at all events. 

3 9 Kt x P, 10 P x P 10 Q-Kt5, is recommended by Mr. Zukertort, among others, as 

a more simple and safer line of play. Mr. Steinitz says White should plav 
9 Q-Klch, followed by P x P. 

4 A losing move. Q-K2ch is best. 

5 If 14 Q-K4ch Black's best reply is Q-K2 

6 Continued: 21 R x Kt 21 Q x Kt, 22 Q-R4 22 P-KR4, 23 R-KKt3 23 KR-K1, 

24RxB 24Q-Q8ch, 25 K-R2 25 Q x QR, 26 Q x Q 26 P x Q, 27 K-Kt3 27 QR-Q1, 
28BxP 2SR-K7, 29 P-Kt4 29 R x P, 30 R-Kl 30 R-Q6ch, 31 K-R4 31 P-IU3, 
32 R-K7 32 P-Kt6, 33 R-Kl 33 R-Q5ch, 34 K x P 34 R x P, and White resigns. 

7 Not so good, Mr. Steinitz says, as KKt-B3. 

8 Mr. Steinitz condemns this as very weak, and regards KKt-B3 as the proper 

move, and leading to a strong attack; but these suggestions have not been fully 
tested. 

9 Continued : 21 B-B4 21 P-Kt4 !, 22 B x Pch 22 K-Kt2, 23 R x B 23 Kt x R, 24 Q-B3ch 

24 P-B3, 25R-KB1 25 Q-K5ch, 26 K-Ktl 26 Q-K7, 27 R-B3 27 KR-K1!, 28 B x R 
28 R x B, 29 B-B5 29 Q-R7ch, 30 K-Bl 30 R-K7, and White resigns. Mr. Minchin 
says, in the Book of the Congress, that the result of these two games, at his 
own opening, severely handicapped Mr. Steinitz. Whether the gambit be or 
be not, he continues, theoretically sound, the danger in endeavoring to avoid 
the perpetual check on the eighth move was so great practically, that even Mr. 
Steinitz, who is so thoroughly acquainted with all its intricacies, did not again 
venture to adopt it, and it will probably never again be played in important 
contests, or only by an inferior player, content to accept the draw which the 
second player can force. 

10 The Fyfe Gambit, which has not yet been carefully analyzed. The Glasgow 

Herald pronounces it worthy of attention. 

11 A hampering move to Black. 

12 Perhaps the capture of the Kt would have been better. 

13 Continued: 21 P-KKt5 21 RP x P. 22 P x P 22 R-R2, 23 P x P 23 P x P, 24 B-KKtS! 

24 R-R5, 25 R-KKt7ch 25 K-Ql, 26 QR-KKtl 26 R x P, 27 B-K6, and Black resigns. 

14 Continued, 21 Q x Q 21 P x Q, 22 B x Pch 22 K-K2, 23 B-Q5 23 B-B3, 24 P-B4?, and 

to this weak move White attributed the ultimate loss of the game. 

15 Though White's Pawns are in a ragged state Black's game is almost wholly un- 

developed. 

16 If White wins the P Black can force an. exchange of Queens. 

17 Continued: 21 R x BP 21 K-K2, 22 QR-BT (not good, but Black failed to see the 

winning reply Kt-B4) 22-B-Q2, 23 R x RP, and Black's over sight led to the loss of 
the game. 



211 



THE ENGLISH OPENING. 

The " Synopsis " gives a few illustrative extracts from games at this open- 
ing, remarking of it only that it is calculated to bring about positions in 
which each side is soon thrown upon its own resources. 

No doubt this is a correct opinion, and the fact is the main reason why 
the English Opening has been so frequently played of late in tournaments 
and matches. We find quite a number of examples of it in the Vienna 
Congress of 1882, and the London Congress of 1883. It was played in the 
telegraphic match between Liverpool and Calcutta, 1881, and was the open- 
ing chosen by Vienna in one of the pending games with Paris. There is 
evidently a growing faith in its merits as a solid and cautious opening, a 
faith that has had a quiet development, but that is striking after a review oi 
recent important contests. 

The "London Chess Player's Chronicle" says the opening is safe, sound. 
and satisfactory, and is frequently resorted to where a stern and determined 
struggle is expected. Mr. Bird said, in 1883, that it is equal to any opening 
on the board. 

M. Rosenthal has proposed to meet White's 1 P-QH4 with 1 P-K4 in 
order to bring about an open game; but Mr. Steinitz's judgment is adverse 
to the experiment. 



212 



Table CXX VIII.— ENGLISH OPENING. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Match by 

Telegraph, 

1881 


Vienna 

Congress. 

1882 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


Match by 

Telegraph, 

1884 


Vienna 

Club 

Tournev, 

1882 




Liverpool 
Calcutta 


Steinitz 
Mackenzie 


Mason 
Zukertort 


Zukertort 
Blackburne 


Vienna 
Paris 


Hruby 
Schwarz 


1 


P-QB4 
P-K3 I 














P-K4 13 


2 


P-K3 
P-QB4 








P-Q4 
P-Q4 


P-K3 




KKt-B3 


Kt-KB3 


3 


P-QKt3 
P-Q4 2 


P-Q4 

P-Q4 


KKt-B3 


P-QKt3 


Kt-QB3 
Kt-KB3 


Kt-QB3 




P-Q4 


P-Q4 


4 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q5 3 


P x BP 
B x P 


P-Q4 
B-K2 


B-K2 


KtB3 
B-K2 


PxP 




B-Kt2 


Kt xP 


5 


B-Kt2 
Kt-QB3 


P x P 


Kt-B3 


0-0 


P-K3 

0-0 


Kt-B3 




PxP 


O-O 


• P-Q4 


P-KB314 


f> 


P-QKt4 4 
QPxP 5 


KKt-B3 
QKt-B3 


B-Q3 
P-QKt3 


P-Q4 
B-Q3 


B-K2 


B-B4 




P-QKt3 


Kt x Ktl5 


7 


BP xP 
Kt x P 


B-Q3 
Kt-B3 


PxP 
PxP 


Kt-B3 


0-0 


KtP x Kt 




O-O 


B-Kt2 


B-Q3 


8 


P-Q4 


0-0 



Kt-K5 
B-Kt2 


P-QKt3 
QKt',Q2 


P-QKt3 

QKt-Q2 


P-Q4 




KKt-B3 


P x P 


9 


P-QR3 
Kt-R3 6 


QK1-Q2 

B-Kt3 


0-0 
P-B4 


B-Kt2 


B-Kt2 
P-B4 


BPxP 




Q-K2 


Q-K2 


10 


B-Q3 
P-QKt3 


P-QR3 
Kt-K2 


B-Q2 
Kt-B3 


Kt-QKt5 
Kt-Ko 


B-Q3 


Q-Kt3 




Kt -K5 


Kt-B3 


11 


0-0 
PxP 


P-QKt4 
B-KB4 


Kt x Kt 

B x Kt 


Ktx B 
P x Kt 


BP x P 


B-Q2 




Kt x Kt 


Kt-Ql 


n 


P x P 


Kt-Kt3 
Kt-K5 


R-Bl 
P-B5 


Kt-Q2 
QKt-B3 


B x Kt 
B x P . 


0-0 




B-Kt2 


Kt-B2 


13 


Kt-B3 
Kt-B2 


B-Kt2 


B-Ktl 


P-B3 
Kt x Kt 


P-K4 


P-K4! 




Kt-Kt3 


P-QKt4 


B-Kt2 


P-B3 


14 


B-B2 


KKt-Q4 8 


Kt-K2 


Q x Kt 


R-Kl 


' P-K5 




Kt-q-i 


B-Q2 


P-Kt5 


PxP 


PxP 


P x P 16 


ir> 


B-R4 
P-B3 


B-Bl 


Kt Kt3 


B x P 
P-Q4 


B x P 
B-B4 


PxP 




B-Bl 


P-QR4 


KB-B4 


16 


Kt-K5+7 


E x R 
B x R 


R-Kl 


B-Q3 


B-Kt2 


P-K6 




P-R5 


KR-QB1 


Q-K2 


Kt-Qo 


17 




Q-B2 


Kt-B5 


QR-K1 




QB-KL5 






Q-K2 


P-K6 


R-QB2 


Game in 


Q-QB2 


18 




R-Bl 


P-K4 


P-K4 


progress. 


QR-Q1 




P-B4 9 


RP x P 


QR-QB1 


P-KR3 


19 




Kt-QB5 
B x Kt 


R-B2 


P-K5 

Kt-Kl 




B-R4 




B-R5 10 


P-KKt4 


20 




P x B + 


P-K5 


P-B4 




B-Kt3 




Kt-Kl 11 


P-Kt3 12 


Q-K2 17 






For Notes see 


next pace. 







Table CXXVIII. continued.— ENGLISH OPENING. 213 



Notes to page 212. 



1 The London Chess Player's Chronicle says this is conceded to be the best reply, 

though many excellent players adopt P-KB4. 

2 Though the Chronicle urges nothing specific against this it prefers one of the fol- 

lowing moves: Kt-KB3, Kt-QB3, B-K2. 

3 A dangerous advance. One »f the Kts should have been played. 

4 Well played. Liverpool gets more than an equivalent in position. 

'5 111 judged. The opening of the B file must greatly increase White's facilities 
for attack. Kt x P was abetter move. 

6 The Chronicle says this Kt should have gone to B3, and eventually to K-Kt3, if 

possible, but it seems that the Calcutta players failed to consider castling as a 
means of escape from their embarrassment, and that they supposed the extra 
P would compensate them for any inferiority in other respects. 

7 Calcutta did well to resign. If the Kt be taken immediately White checks with 

Q and captures KP. Black might have delayed the result by 16 P-QKM, but 
White had a winning position several moves back. 

8 The beginning of a vigorous attack. 

9 This move weakens the QP. 

10 Forced, to save a piece. 

11 The game ran up to 73 moves, and was won by Black, though White missed a 

draw and possibly a win. 

12 The remaining moves of this game, which is undoubtedly the most brilliant 

plaved at the Congress, were- 21 R-K3! 21 P-B4, 22 P x P e. p. 22 Kt x P, 23 1' B5! 
23 Kt-K5, 24 B x Kt 24 P x B, 25 P x KtP 25 R-B7, 26 P x Pch 26 K-Kl, 27 P-Qocb. 
27 P-K4, 28 Q-Kt4! 28 QR-B4, 29 R-B8eh 29 K x P, 30 Q x Pch 30 K-Kt2, 
31 B x Pch 31 K x R, 32 B-Kt7ch 32 K-Ktl, 33 Q x Q, and Black resigns. 

13 This idea of M. Rosenthal's looking to an open game has received as yet no en- 

couragement from other analysts. 

14 This move makes Black's game inferior. Mr. Steinitz says Kt x Kt, iollowed by 

B-Q3, was the only plausible continuation. Black could not advance the KP 
after Kt x Kt on account of the ultimate rejoinder Q-QR4ch. 

15 A move that aids White to form his center. Kt-Kt3 attacking the B was better. 

16 If B-B2 White replies 15 B-Kt4 with fatal effect. 

17 Continued, 21 Q-Q3! 21 P-Kt4, 22 Q-Kt6ch 22 K-Ql, 23 R x Ktch! 23 B x R, 24R-Q1, 

and Black resigns. 



214 



Table CXXIX.— ENGLISH OPENING. 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




London 

Congress, 

1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


Vienna 
Congress,. 

1882 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


London 

Congress, 
1883 




Skipworth 

Steinitz 


Skipworth 
Wiuawer 


Hruby 
Mason 


Mackenzie 
Mortimer 


Mason 
Tschigorin 


Mason 
1 Sellman 


1 


P-QBi 
P-K4 1 












P-KB4 


P-QB4 


-) 


P-K3 




P-K3 






P-K3 


«J 


P-KKt3 


Kt-Qli3 


KKt-B3 


P-K3 


P-K3 


3 


Kt-QB3 


P-QR3 


QKt-B3 


Kt-KB3 


QKt-B3 


Kt-KB3 


B-Kt2 


P-KKt3 


P-K3 


Kt-QB3 


KKt-B3 


P-Q4 


4 


B-K2 2 
Kt-K2 


Kt-QB3 
B-Kt2 


P-Q4 5 
B-K2 


P-Q4 
P-K3 


P-Q4 
P-QK13 


P-Q4 
Kt-KB3 


^ 


P-Q3 


PQ3 


BQ3 


P-QR3 


Kt-B3 


Kt-B3 


o 


0-0 


P-Q3 


P-QKt3 


Kt-K2 


B-Kt2 


Kt-B3 


6 


Kt-B3 
P-Q4 


B-K2 
P-B4 


Kt-R3 
B-Kt2 


Kt-QB3 


P-KKt3 

B-Kt5 


P xQP 


P-QB3 


KKt x P12 


7 


0-0 

QKt-B3 


B-Q2 

QKt-K2 


0-0 
O-O 


B Q3 

Kt-Kt3 


B-Kt2 


B-Kt5 


O-O 


Kt xKt 


8 


P-K4 
P x BP 


Q-B2 


P-B3 

Kt-B3 


Q-K2 8 
P-Q4 


0-0 


P xKt 


P-B3 


B x QKt 


B-Q2 


9 


P xP 
Kt-Q5 


Kt-B3 
Kt-B3 


P-R3 


P-B5 


Px B 
P-Q4 


0-0 


K-Rl 


B-K2 


B-K2 


10 


B-K3 
P-KR3 


P-K4 
0-0 


P-QKt4 
Q-Kl 


P-QKt4 
Q-B2 


Kt-K5 10 
QKt-Q2 


i B-Q2 


O-O 


11 


Q-Q2 


P-KR4 


R-R2 


P-Kt3 


P-KB4 


Q-K2 


K-R2 


P-KR3 


P-QR4 


P-K4! 


P-B4 


Q-B2 


13 


QR-Q1 
Kt-(K2)-B3 


0-0-0 
Q-B2 


P-Kt5 
Kt-Ql 


P x P 


Px QP 
Kt xP 


B-Q3 




Kt x P 


1 J -QR3 13 


13 


Kt-Q5 
Kt-.Ko 


K-Ktl 
B-K3 


P-K4 6 
P x P 


Kt x Kt 
Q x Kt 


Q-Kt3 


KR-B1 




Kt x Kt 


KR-B1 


14 


B-Q3 
Kt-(B3)-Q5 


QPv-KBl 
P-Q4 


P x P 
P-K4 


B-Kt2 
Q B2 


BP x Kt 


Kt-Kl 




P-QB5 


P-QKt4 


15 


Kt x Kt 3 


Q-Bl 


P-Q5 


Q-B2 


Q-B2 11 


P-KB4 




P x Kt 


QP x KP 


B-B4ch 


P-KKt3 


Q-Q2 


P-KKt3 


IB 


B-B4 
P-QB3 


P xP 


K-Rl 
P-Q3 


Kt-K2 
R-Bl 


B-Q2 
KR-Q1 


Kt-B3 




P xP 


P-B5 


17 


Kt-Kt4 
Kt x B 


Kt-E2 
P-KR4 


Kt-R4 
B-Bl 


Kt-Q4 


P-K4 
Kt-Kt5 


B-K4 




Kt-K5 


P-KB4? 


18 


Q x Kt 
Q-Kt3 


Kt-Ql 
Kt-B4 


Kt x B 
B xKt 


P-B3 


Q-Ql 
PxP 


B-B2 




Kt-Kt4 


B-R6 


19 


P-QR3 
P-QB4 


B-Kt5 
Kt-Q5 


P x B 
KtP x Kt 


K-B2 


B-Kt5 
Kt-Q4 


KR-Ktl 




; B-Q2 


Kt-Ql 


20 


Kt-B2 

QxP + 


Q-B2? 4 
Kt x Q + 


QR-KB2 
Kt-Q2 7 


P-KR4? 
Kt-K5ch! 


B x R + 
9 


Kt-K5 




B-Kl 14 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXXIX. continued.— ENGLISH OPENING. 215 



Notes to page 214. 



1 In notes to this game Mr. Steinitz says this reply is not ranch favored by hook 

authorities or first-class practitioners. He adopted it here in order to continue 
it with an experiment on the next move. 

2 Mr. Steinitz prefers IU-KB3. 

3 This loses a P; but, in any event, Mr. Steinitz considers that Black has a slight 

superiority of position. 

4 A blunder due to ill health. * 

5 A position identical with one in the Hollandish Opening. 

6 Mr. Sellman says White's conduct of the opening is much to be admired. 

7 21 Q-R5! 21 Kt-Kt2? (P-Kt3 was the only hopc'of prolonging the game), and 

White won. 

8 The Q has no effect on this square. O-O, followed by P-QKt4 and B-Kt2, are 

better. 

9 Mr. Mortimer had the game in his hands at the 38th move, but through errors 

lost the game on the 02nd move. 

10 White has opened with skill. 

11 If Q x P Black's reply is R-Bl. 

12 Mr. Mason says it is the usase of late for Black to take the P with Kt in order to 

avoid the isolation of his QP. 

13 Preparatory to advancing the KtP. Black's position on the Q side is stronger 

than that of his opponent. 

14 21 P-Kl. Mr. Mason says, in a note to this move, that whether Black capture 

the P or not, it is clear that White's game has improved, owing to Black's 17th 
move. Black resigned the game on the 10th move. 



216 



Table CXXX .— CENTER GAMBIT. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Corre- 
spondence 
Match, 
1884 


Vienna 

Conaress, 

1882 


Consultation 
Game 


i Nash 
Cor. 
Tourney, 
1884 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Paris, 
1383 


1 


Glasgow 
Edinburgh 

P-K4 


Tschigorin 
Mackenzie 


Berlin 

Congress, 

1881 


Budden 
Blake 


Winawer 

Tschigorin 


Boistertre 
Be Riviere 


P-K4 












2 


P-Q4 
P x P 












3 


Q x P 
Kt-QB3 










P-QB3 


Q-B3 20 


P x P 22 


4 


Q-K3 
Kt-KB3 






B-Kt5ch 


Q-K3 

Kt-B3 


B-QB4 


P-KKt3 


P-B7 23 


5 


P-K5 
Kt-Q4 


B-Q2 
B-Kt2 


Kt-QB3 11 
B-Kt2 


P-QB3 


Q.Kt-B3 


QxP 


B-R4 


Kt Q5 


Kt QB3 24 


6 


Q-K4 
KKt-K2 


QKt-B3 
P-Q3 


Kt-Q5 12 
P-Q3 


Q-K13 


B-Q3 


Q-Kt8 25 


0^-B3 


B-B4 


Q-KB3 


. 7 


Kt-QB3 

Kt-Kt3 


P-B4 
KKt-K2 


Kt-K2 
Kt-K2 


P-KB4 


Q-Kt3 


Kt-KB3 


P-Q3 


Kt-K2 


B-QB4 


8 


P-KB4 
B-QKt5 


0-0-0 
B-K3 


B-Q2 
0-0 13 


B-Q3 


B-KB4 


Kt-QB3 




B-Kt3 


Kt-K3 


KKt-K2 


9 


B-Q2 
O-O 


Kt-B3 


0-0-0 

Kt x Kt 


Kt-B3 
KKt-K2 


B-K3 
B x B 


0-0 


Q-Q2 


O-O 


10 


0-0-0 
P-KB4 1 


Kt-Q5 
0-0-0 


Px Kt 
Kt-K2 


QKt-Q2 


Q x B 


B-KKt5 




B-Q2 


Kt-B5 


Q-KKt3 


11 


Q-QB4eh 
K-Rl 


B-B3 
B x B 


B-B3 
Kt-B4 


Kt-B4 


B-Bl 


B-Q3 




Q-Kt3 


0-0 


P-QB 


12 


P-KR4 2 Q x B 


Q-Q3 14 


P-B5 


P-KKt3 


B x Kt 




B x Kt 


Kt-QKtl 9 Q-R5 


Q x Q 


Kt-(B5)-Kt3 Kt x B 


13 


Q x B 3 
KKt-K2 


Q-R3 


P-KKt3 
Q-QB-3 


p x Q 0-0-0 
Kt-R4 17P-QR3 


Kt-Q5 26 




B x Kt 


Kt x Kt 


14 


B-QB4 
P-QR3 


P x B 
Q-B4 


K-Ktl 
P-B4 


Kt-Kt518 P-B4 


Q x Kt 




P-KB3 


P-Kt4 


P-QB3 


15 


Kt-KR3 
Q-Kl 4 


P-KKt3 


P-R4 


Kt x RP 


! P-KR4 


Q-QKt3 




Kt x P 


P-Bo 


K-B2 19 


P-Kt5 


B-KRo 


IB 


B-K13 5 
Kt-KKtl 


Kt-Q4 ! 


Q-Q2 
B-R3 


Kt x Kt 


QKt-K2 


Kt-Kl 




Q-Q2 


B x Kt 


Q-K3 


P-QKt4 


17 


P-KKt4 6 Kt-Kt5 
P x P P-QB3 


Kt-B4 


P-F*:Kt4! 


P-R5 


K-Rl 




P-QKt4 


P-KKt4 


Kt-Rl 


B-K3 


IS 


Kt-Kt5 


Kt x RPch 


P-KKt4 15 


B x P + 


P-R6 


Q-QB2 




Kt-R3 


K-B2 


P-Kt5 16 




Kt-B4 


P-KB4 


19 


P-R5 
E-KB4 7 


R x Kt! 
Px R 


B x KtP 




Q-B5 


PK5 




B x Kt 


Kt x RP 


B-Q4 


20 


K R-Kl B-Kt5 
Q x KP 8 Q-K3 10 


Q x B 




Q x KtP 


P-KB4 




Q x B + 


P-R4 21 


QR-Q1 + 



For Notes see next page. 



TABLE CXXX. continued.— CENTER GAMBIT. 217 



Notes to page 216. 



1 This opens up Black's position to attack, but it is doubtful if he has a better 

move. 

2 The P obviously can not be taken. 

3 It was necessary to take the B with the Q, because 13 B x B 13 P-QKt-1, followed 

by Kt x KBP, gives Black as good a game as White, if not better. 

4 At this stage QKtP or QRP might have been advanced. 

5 It is necessary to keep the B on this diagonal. 

6 The winning move. It is dangerous to take or leave the P. 

7 White threatens Q-Q3. 

8 Not a good move. Black evidently did not notice the smothered mate variation 

if Rwa-s retired toBl. The remaining movesof this game, which is brilliantly 
plaved bv White, were: 21 R-Rl 21 Q-Kt3, 22 R x Kt 22 P x R, 23 P-KHcli 2:: R-B3, 

24 Kt-B7ch, and Black resigned. If K-Kt2, 25 P-B5 and wins. If K-Ktl, 25 P-K7 
and wins. 

9 As White threatens Kt-BG. 

10 Continued: 21 Q-B3ch 21 KKt3, 22 R-Kl 22 K x Kt, 23 R x Q+. 

11 White was played by L. Paulsen, Riemann, and Schallop, and Black by Black- 

burne, Miuckwit/., and Schwarz. 

12 The Kt can not be dislodged here. 

13 B x P would be bad, for then follows 9 P-QB3, 9 B x R, 10 Kt-B6ch, etc. 

14 B3 would probably be a better post for the Q. 

15 A losing move. P-QKt3 should have been played. 

16 This loses a P, but leads to a tine attack. 

17 P-B3 is the move. 

18 Threatening Kt x Kt, followed by B-Bl. 

19 A mistaken attempt to win a piece. The proper move was O-O-O. 

20 An unusual move, proposed by Mr. Paulsen. 

21 Continued: 21 Q-Ql 21 R-Ktl (White wins speedilv if Black captures RP 

bv 22 Itt-QB3, etc.), 22 Kt-QB3 22 R-Kt5, 23 Q-B5 23 B-Kt2. 24 Kt-B3 24 R-Ktl, 

25 P-R3 25 R x KtP, 26 K x R 26 P. x K I'eh 27 B-Kto 27 B x Kt. 28 Q x P 28 R-K PI, 
2.» KR-K1 29Q-Kt5, 30 R x P 30 Q x KtP, 31 R-Q8 31 P-Kt3 .' 32 R x Roll 32 K x R, 
33 R-K8ch, and Black resigns. 

22 M. Rosenthal says he prefers this to Q-K2 or P-Q4, which only equalizes the 

game. 

23 The same authority recommends this move, as it preserves Black's advantage 

of a P. 

24 The correct move is B-QKt5ch 

25 Kt-KB3 is better. 

26 Weak. He should have played Kt-QKt5, followed by P K5, to break Black's 

center Pawns. 



218 Table CXXXI.— CENTER, COUNTER GAMBIT. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Vienna 

Congress. 

188 


New 

Orleans, 

1884 


New 

Orleans 

1884 










Mason 
Schwarz 


Zukertort Zukertort 
MeConnell Maurian 








1 


P-K4 












P-Q4 












2 


P x P 
QxP 












3 


QKt-B3 
Q-K4eh 1 












Q-Ql 


Q-QR4 


Q-Q3 10 


4 


B-K2 
P-QB3 2 


Kt-B3 
B-Kto 




P-Q4 7 
P-KKt3 


P-Q4 
P-QB3 


Kt-Kt5 


P-K3 


Q-K4ch 


5 


Kt-B3 


B-B4 4 


P-Q4 


B-K3 


Kt-B3 


B-K2 


QB2 


P-K3 


Kt-KB3 


B-Kt2 


B-B4 9 


Kt-QR3 


6 


P-Q4 


P-Q4 


B-Q3 


Q-Q2 8 




Kt-KB3 


B-B4? 


B-Q3 


B-K2 






Q B3 


7 


P-Q5 

B-Q2 


0-0 


0-0 
0-0 






P-Q4 




P-KB3 


P-KK3 


8 


0-0 
P-K3 


Q-K2 


Kt-K2 
P-QKt3 










Kt-KB3 




9 


P x KP 

B xP 


Kt-Ql 
B-KB4 


P-QB3 










B-Kt2 




10 


Kt-Q4 

Kt-B3 


Kt-K3 
B-K5 


Q-B2 










P-KKt3 6 




11 


Kt x B 
Px Kt 


Kt-Q2 


B-P6 




' 






QKt-Q2 


li-Kl 




12 


B-QB4 
P-K4 


Kt x B 
Kt x Kt 


Kt Kt3 
QKt-Q2 








1.3 


P-B4 
B-Q3 


B-Q3 


QR-Q1 
Kt-Kt5 










KKt-B3 




14 


R-Kl 
QKt-Q2 


P-QB4 


B-K3 










P-QB4? 


B-Q3 




15 


P xP 
B x P 


Kt-B5 
B-Bl 


Kt-K4 
B-K2 








16 


P-KKt3 
0-0-0 


P-Q5 
P-KKt3 


P-KR3 
Kt x B 








17 


Q-B3 
QR-Kl 


P x P 


P x Kt 










P x Kt ! 


Kt-B3 




18 


B-K3 
KR-Bl 


P x Ktch 


Kt x Kt 










K x P 


KB x Kt 




19 


QR-Q1 
P-KB4 


B x Pch 
K-B3 


P-K4 
Q-K2 








20 


B-B4 

B x B 3 


Q-B3ch 


P-K5 
B-Kt4 










K-B2 5 










Drawn game. 












i< 


or Notes see next page. 







Table CXXXI. cont'd.- CENTER COUNTER GAMBIT. 219 



Notes to page 21<S. 

1 Inferior to Q-R4. 

2 B-Kt5 is the usual play. 

3 White should have scored this game, but Black managed to creep out of his 

difficulties, and won on the 52nd move. 

4 An unorthodox move. 

5 Continued: 21 B checks 21 B interposes, 22 QR-Q1 22 Kt-Kl, 23 R-Q5 23 P-KtS, 

24 KR-Q1, and Black resigns. 

6 BxKt would have been imprudent. 

7 The analysis in this and the succeeding columns are by Mr. W. N. Potter, who 

says of the Center Counter Gambit: "This defense stands condemned by ana- 
lysts and tabooed by players. We must admit that there is something suspi- 
cious about it, but at any rate it is a fighting defense, and one far removed from 
drawish tendencies. When Mr. W. N. Potter had to play his nineteenth game 
against Mr. Mason in their match, the former could not afford any draws, for 
the score then stood: Mason, 5; Potter, 3; draws, 10. By reason Of draws above 
the number of eight counting as half to each player, the score was really 6 to 4, 
and two more drawswould have given Mr. Mason the match. Mr. Potterchose 
then to rely upon a Center Counter, and with good effect: so much so, indeed, 
that wiien the twenty-first game was played, Mr. Mason chose a Van't Kruys 
with the expressed object of avoiding another Center Counter Gambit. This 
instance shows that the defense is at least playable between strong players; 
and, perhaps, were it oftener adopted, its claims as a regular opening might 
become recognized." 

8 White has the advantasre: but if Black had played 1 P-QB3, 5 Kt-B3, 6B-B4 

C B-K2, orG B-QB4 6 P-K3, we should doubt if White's superiority, though not 
to be denied, is at all striking. 

9 Or P-KKt3, with an almost even game. Instead of 4 P-QB3, Black may, like 

Anderssen against Morphy, play 4 P-K4, whereupon 5 P x P 5Qx Pch, 6B-K2 
6 B-QKt5, and though we can not allow that Black is quite all right, yet we will 
not put ourselves so far in contradiction with those who take that view as to 
deny that there is plenty of fighting in his game. However, after 3Q-QR4, 
Zukertort recommends 4 Kt-KB3, which he considers prevents 4 P-K4, for then 
5 B-Kt5ch, P-B3, 6 B-B4. Here the given reply for Black is B-KB4, but we 
would rather rely upon B-K2, though we do not pretend that we relish, in 
either case, the effects of 4 P-K4. The question arises whether the two replies, 

3 Q-Qsq and 3Q-QR4, comprise all that Black can attempt. This we are far 
from thinking. Mr. Mason, not long since, played 3 Q-K4ch, and we do not 
know that any very dreadful disaster came, in consequence, upon Black's 
game. 3 Q-Q2 looks about as bad a move as could be made, but any one trying 
to demonstrate it might not find the proof very easy. Suppose White play 

4 Kt-B3, and Black, regardless of consequences, respond with P-KKt:!, what 
would come of it? Nothing, save that White would have rather the better 
game, which is an old story, and one that could just as well be told of many 
variations of other openings, even though analysts callously say, at the end, 
"even game." If the analysts were asked to accept such equality as the basis 
of a real game, with a good round stake upon it, we should probably find a dis- 
play of practical modesty such as would be very edifying iu its way. 

10 We consider 3 Q-QR4 to be the best of the continuations, but we rather fancy 
that there is another quite as good, viz., 3 Q-Q3, which directly intends the 
move striven against by analysts and players, namely, P-K4. Now, how can 
White prevent that advance? 4 P-Q4 is no hindrance," while 4 Kt-K4 is obvi- 
ously futile, even if Black answer with no other move than Q-K4, though va- 
rious other good answers are open to him. As to 4 Kt-Kto, that continuation 
will assist Black's development, even if he should now take his Queen straight 
back to her own sq, though he might play (see Col. 6). Altogether, we con- 
sider that the Center Counter Gambit deserves much more consideration than 
it has hitherto received. 



220 



THE SICILIAN DEFENSE. 

The frequent employment of this defense in former years was due to Mr. 
Staunton's opinion that it was the best opening the second player could 
adopt. This estimate has not been sustained. In fact the Sicilian has now 
scarcely the standing of a first-class defense. The result of the Sicilian 
games at the London Congress was against the opening. Mr. Potter, who 
has thoroughly tested the Sicilian in important contests, said of it in 1884: 

" The sympathy we feel toward defendants secures for this opening our 
best wishes ; but we can not allow our judgment to be swayed by desire, 
and there is that about the Sicilian which causes us to have the strongest 
doubts concerning its soundness as a defense. 1 P-K4 1 P-QB4, 2 Kt-QB3 
2 Kt-QB3, 3 Kt-B3 3 P-K3, 4 P-Q4 4 P x P, 5 Kt x P. Surveying the 
board at this, the critical phase of the opening, there can be no question 
but that Black's game looks highly unpromising. Both 5 Kt-B3 and 5 B-Kt5 
have been found unsatisfactory, and the same as to any other move of a de- 
veloping kind, so that after the rise and fall of many hopes, the tendency is 
to return to the old love, viz: 5 P-QR3, but White now plays 6 B-K2, after 
which let us again look at the board. White has three pieces in the field, 
and is able to Castle, while his QB is almost in as good play as if already 
on the field, and he has a clear Queen's file. In other words, White's game 
is in a highly developed condition, and for this advantage he has neither 
given up a gambit Pawn nor made any other kind of payment. On Black's 
side, we see but one piece in the field, and none of the other pieces can be 
speedily developed in any useful fashion. The QB is dreadfully blocked 
up, and the QP dangerously weak. We are also constrained to look cu- 
riously upon one special feature — namely, that in the three lines of Black's 
position there is but one white square unoccupied, viz., K-Kt3, as against 
eight black squares similarly unoccupied. Those occupied white squares 
imply a very confined, locked up position; whilst, as to the black squares, 
the mere fact of K2, QB2, and QR2 being unoccupied at this early stage, in- 
dicates that there must be various weak spots. These two defects ought 
certainly not to exist in the same opening; but if Black had the means of 
now speedily developing, there might be no great objection. But can he so 
develop? Let us repeat the moves: 5 Kt x P 5 P-QR3, 6 B-K2. Black is 
usually made to reply with 6 Kt-B3, which continuation, if maintained by 
play of a worrying nicety, may end in preserving Black from a ruinous in- 
feriority. Whether so or not is, to our mind, immaterial; for we would not 
play the Sicilian upon such terms. And, moreover, we think that Black has 
a better line, viz., 6 Q-B2, which enables him to attempt operations of a free- 
ing nature. There are also some grounds for supposing that this line may 
be adopted a move earlier, even though the results seem too eccentric to be 
favorable— e. g, 5 Kt x P 5 Q-B2, 6 KKt-Kt5 6 Q-Ktsq, 7 B-K2 7P-QR3, 
and we should imagine Black's game to be as good as in the normal grooves 



221 



of the Sicilian. However, the QP always remains a source of anxiety, and 
we can not have doubts respecting the future of this defense." 

In a subsequent issue of " Land and Water," Mr. A. Marriott writes: 

" Will you allow me to supplement your very interesting article on the 
Sicilian Defense by a variation which will, I think, confirm your opinion of 
its unsoundness in regard to the continuation 6 Kt-B3. In a correspond- 
ence game played about a year ago, in winch I played the attack, the fol- 
lowing variation occurred: 1 P-K4 P-QB4, 2 Kt-QB3 Kt-QB3, 3 Kt-B3 
P-K3, 4 P-Q4 P x P, 5 Kt x P P QR3, 6 B-K2, Kt-B3, 7 Kt x Kt KiP x Kt, 
<S P-K5 Kt-Q4, 9 Kt-K4 P KB4. This seems the usual move at this junc- 
ture, and it is difficult to find any thing more satisfactory, in view of White's 
threatened 10 P-QB4. I note from "Westminster Papers," in a game Zu- 
kertort vs. Anderssen, White replied with 9 P-KB4 with 10 B R5ch, P-Kt3, 
11 B-Kt5, and the game was eventually drawn. The continuation adopted 
by myself seems to firmly establish White's superiority: 10 P x Pen pas., 
Kt x P, 11 B-KKt5 Q Rich (if 11 B-K2 12 B x Kt," B x B, 13 Kt-Q6ch 
K-K2, 14 Q-Q2 Q-B2, 15 R-Qsq), 12 B-Q2 Q-K4, 13 Kt x Ktch Q x Kt, 
14 B-QB3 P-K4, 15 B-Q3 B-Q3. I can not see a better move— 16 cas- 
tles, with a whining advantage. The move adopted by Mr. Bird, 3 P-KKt3, 
appears to me to be the most favorable form of this hazardous defense." 

To which Mr. Potter replies: 

"Your case stands established, we think. As to the combination of the 
Sicilian with the King's Fianchette, to which you refer, it was adopted by 
Mr. W. N. Potter in various games played by him in 1870-71, and it was 
about the same time that he introduced his combination of the Center 
Counter Gambit with the King's Fianchette. As to the Sicilian, we do not 
think that Mr. Bird adopted the King's Fianchette in combination therewith 
until quite latety, while as to grafting the King's Fianchette on the Center 
Counter, it was, if we remember aright, adopted by Mr. Blackburne in 1873; 
but we feel sure that he would unhesitatingl}' acknowledge that the combi- 
nation in question had been introduced beforehand b} r Mr. Potter. We may 
add that to each defense there is the same weakness arising from the oppo- 
nent playing B-K3, followed by Q-Q2, a line of attack established by Mr. 
Blackburne some time ago." 



222 



?able CXXXII— SICILIAN DEFENSE. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 




Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


London 

Congress, 
1883 


London 

Congress, 
1883 


Berlin 

Congress, 

1S81 


Vienna 

Congress, 

1882 


Vienna 
Congress, 

1882. 




Blackburne 
Mackenzie 


Englisch 
Tscliigorin 


Blackburne 
Mortimer 


Zukertort 
Schallopp 


Blackburne 
Bird 


Mason 
Paulsen 


1 


P-K4 












P-QB-i 












<r> 


QKt-B3 

QKt-tsy 








KKt-B3 
P-K3 






P-K3 


QKt-B8 


3 


Kt-B3 




Kr-B3 




Kt-B3 


P-Q4 13 


P-K3 




QKt-B3 




QKt-B3 


PxP 


4 


P-Q4 


B-K2 4 


P-Q4 




P-Q4 


Kt xP 


P x P 


Kt-K2 5 


P x P 




P xP 


KKt-B3 


5 


Kt x P 
P-QK3 


P-Q4 

P X P 


Kt x P 
P-QR3 9 




Kt x P 
P-QR3 


Kt x Kt 


Kt-KB3 


KtP x Kt 


6 


B K2 
Kt-B3 


Kt x P 


B-K2 
Kt-B3 


KKt-QKt5 
B-<41vt5 


B-K2 


B-Q3 




Kt-Kt3 6 


Kt-B3 


P-Kt3 


7 


0-0 
B-Kt5 


0-0 
B-K2 


0-0 
B-K2 10 


Kt-Q6ch 


O-O 


P-QKt3 


K-K2 (a) 


P-Q4 


B-KKt2 


8 


Kt x Kt 
KtP x Kt 


B-K3 

0-0 


Kt x Kt 
KtP x Kt 


B-KB4 
P-K4 


P X P 


B-Kt2 




Kt x P 


O-O 


9 


P-K5 

B x Kt 


P-B4 
B-B4? 7 


P-K5 


Kt-B5ch 
K-Bl 


Kt x Kt 
P x Kt, 


0-0 




Kt-Q4 


P-Q4 


10 


P x B 
Kt-Q4 . 


K-Kl 
B x Kt 


Kt-K4 
P-KB4 


B-Q2 


B-B3 


P x P 




P-Q3 


B-K2 


P X P 


11 


Q-Q4 
o-o 


B x B 


Kt-QGcb 11 
B x Kt 


Kt-KKt3 
B-K3 


R-Kl 


Kt-Q2 




P-B4 


0-0 


B-ivt2 


13 


B-R3 
R-Kl 


B-B5 
R-B2 


P x B 


B-Q3 
P-KK4! 


B x P! 


Kt-B3 




O-O 


Q X i> 


Q-B2 


13 


QR-Ktl 1 
P-KB4 


P-K5 
P-Kl3 


P-QB4 

Kt-B3 


0-0 


Kt x Kt 


B-K5 . 




Kt-KKt5 


Q x Kt 


Q-R4 


14 


R-Kt3 ! 
P-QFv4 


B-K3 
B-Kt2 


P-QKt3 
B-Kt2 


P-KR3 
Q-KK5 


R x B 


Q-Kl 




B-K3 


Q x Q 


15 


P-QB4 


Kt-Kt5 


P-B5 


PxKt (b) 


B B4 


KB x Q 




Kt-Kt5 


K-Ktl 


P-QR4 


P x P 


KR-Q1 


P-K3 


IB 


B-R5 

P-Kt3 


Kt-Q6 
K-KB1 


R-Kl 


R-Kl 

Kt-Q5 + 


Q-K2 


Kt-Q4 




B-R3 


B-Q4 12 


P-Q RS 


17 


R-Kt3 


Kt x B 


B-B3 




R-B7 


P-QKt,4 




K-B2 


K x Kt 


Q-Ktl 




Q-B3 


Kt-Q2 


18 


Q-B4 


B-B3 


B-Kt2 




Q-K5 


B xB 




R-Rl 2 


Q-K2 


Q-Kt5 




Q-QIU3 


K x B 


19 


P-QB3 


P-KKt3 8 
E-QB2 


R-QB1 
Q-KK5 




P-B4 


P-KB4 




Q-Bl 


B-B3 


P-QR4 


20 


Q-Kt5 
P x B 3 


Q-Q2 + 


Q-Q2 + 




Q-KB5 + 


P-Kt5 






P-R5 14 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXXXII. continued.-SICILIAN DEFENSE. 223 



Notes to page 222. 



1 Mr. Sellman commends White's opening highly. 

2 He dare not take the B on account of Q-R6. 

3 Continued: 21 P x Kt 21 K-Kl, 22 P-Kt5 22 Q-B2, 23 Q-R6 (threatening to win the 

Q) 2:5 K-Ql, 24 R-Kt7 24 Q-Kl, 2"> P x P 2> K-B2 (if P x P White mates in two), 
26 Q-Q2 20 K-Ql, 27 P-B7cn 27 K x P, 23 Q-QGch, and Black resigns. 

4 Mr. Wayte says Mr. Zukertort discovered that this is the right square for the B; 

but the move is generally deferred until after 4 P-Q4 4 P x P, 5 Kt x P. 

5 Kt-Q5 may be played here. 

6 Mr. Wayte much prefers 6 P-KKt3, and 7 B-Kt2. Black would then have a good 

prospect of throwing forward P-Q4, and clearing his game. 

7 A lost move. P-Q3 hould have been played. 

8 Confining the movements of the hostile Q. White keeps steadily in view the- 

weak point at Q2. 

9 Formerly considered necessary to prevent White from playing Kt-QKt5. It is, 

however, Mr. Bird says, too slow for modern tactics, and experience has shown 
it to be no longer essential. 

13 P-Q4 should have been played here. 

11 Mr. Bird says as a rule the effect of this check and establishment of either P or 

Kt at <IG is very advantageous. It is so in the present instance. 

fa) A line of defense invented by Chicago players. 
(6) A slip. QKt-K2 would have given a safe game. 

12 The best resource was QR-B1. 

13 The old style of attack. It is usual now to develop both Kts before this advance: 

14 This was a stubbornly contested game of 67 moves. White won. 



524 



THE KING'S BISHOP'S OPENING. 

By W. N. Potter, in London " Land and Water," 1884.] 
This opening is not in favor. Players of all strengths join in tabooing it. 
The 242 games of the London Tourney supply but one example of it. This 
fact, which speaks clearly enough as to the clisesteem in which the opening 
is held by first-rates, will probably be considered equally conclusive as to 
its merits. No deduction would be more erroneous. An interesting chap- 
ter could be written on the darkness of experts, and it could be studded 
with proofs from every great tournament. These contests are, in fact, rub- 
bish holes, into which moves and variations once thought to be correct arc 
swept like so many dead leaves. As to the KB opening, we are convinced 
that the majority of first-class players are profoundly ignorant of its real 
principles, and we will say the same of analysts. The cause of the mingled 
dislike and contempt with which it is regarded may be found in the fact that 
it has been clothed with variations utterly alien from its real spirit. In our 
opinion, the KB opening, far from being weak and inferior, is strong and re- 
liable. "We also consider that, properly handled, it yields just that enduring 
attack in which it has been said to be wanting. Our main notions will ap- 
pear in the following variations. They will be found very brief and simple: 
1 P-K4 P -K4, 2 B-B4 Kt-KB3, 3 Q K2 Kt-B3, 4 P-QB3 B-B4, 5 Kt-B3 
O-O, 6 P-Q3 P-Q4, 7 B-Kt3. This is our type position in this opening, and 
we consider that whatever course Black now adopts White retains such in- 
itiative superiority as ought to belong to him as first player. 

We will notice three natural replies : First, 7PxP, 8PxP B-K3, 9 0-0, or 
9 B-B2, according to taste. Either course is good. Secondly, 7 B-K3, 
8 0-0, or 8 B-B2, as in the last variation, for it is but a transposition. 
Thirdly, 7 B-KKt5, 8 0-0 P x P, 9 P x P Kt-K2, 10 P-KR3, followed 
(if B-B4) by 11 B-Kt-5, with the better game. Black would probably take 
the Kt, but Queen retakes and White for choice. 

Let us now go back: 1 P-K4 P-K4, 13-154 B-B4, 3 Q-K2 Kt-QB3, 

4 P-QB3 Kt-B3, 5Kt-B3 0-0, 6 P-Q3 P-Q4, 7 B-Kt3, and the intelligent 
reader will see that we have again arrived at the type position. Herein lies 
our idea of this opening. Sweeping away the Lopez Gambit, and a lot of 
other old rubbish, we confine the opening to a simple and legitimate groove. 
Black may indeed diverge. He can play 5 P-Q3, to which wo would still an- 
swer with 6 P-Q3, and White's game would be to our liking. It is true 
enough that 1 P-K4 P-K4, 2 Kt-KB3 Kt-QB3, 3 B-B4 B-B4, 4 P-B3 Kt-B3, 

5 P-Q3 P-Q3; the well-known Giuoco Piano variation of the Blackburne 
and Zukci'tort match could now be turned into our line, last above mentioned, 
by Q-K2; and we answer any objection on this score by saying that 6 Q-K2 
would be our continuation in that branch of the Giuoco Piano. Altogether 
we hope to have made it clear that, the KB opening, simplified as above, is 
well worth v of bc::rj; contenanced. 



22£ 



KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT, AND KING'S KNIGHT'S 
GAMBIT. 

Though theoretically the defense obtains some advantage in these open- 
ings, it is more the fashion to decline than to accept them in match play. 
Even the Miizio, in practical play, has a good recent record. In the minor 
tourney of the London Congress, 1S83, Mr. G. A. MacDonnpll played the 
attack against Mr. I. Gunsberg, and won after a struggle of 6(j moves. This 
was the only Muzio contested at that great gathering. 

But little fresh analysis has appeared in these openings except in the 
King's Bishop's Gambit, to which we devote several pages. 



228 Table CXXXIIL— KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT, 



1 




2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


London 
Congress, 

1883 














Mortimer 
Steinitz 














-, P-K4 
1 P-K4 














O P-KB4 
^ P x P 








( , 






o B-B4 
* P-Q4 


























A BxP 

^ Q-R5ch 


























r K-Bl 
" P-KKt4 


























p Kt-QB3 
b B-Kt2 














7 P-Q4 
' Kt-K2 














q Kt-B3 
8 Q-R4 


























P-KR4 
^ P-KR3 . 


























P-K57 1 






Q-Q3 5 
P-Kt5 








J u O-O 


0-0 


QKt-B3 




-. . K-Ktl 






Kt-Kl 


Kt-K2 


Kt-K2 
B-Kt5 




P-Kt5 


Kt-Kt3 


Kt x B 


Q-Kt3 9 


-, Kt-Kl 
1-j R-Ql 






Q-Kt5ch 


6 P x Kt 
P-KB4 


P-B3 8 


- 


-, q Kt-Q3 2 
10 Kt-Kt3 








B-Q2 7 






Kt 


x B! 3 




14 


Kt 
K x 


x Kt 

Kt 










15 


Kt 
Q x 


x P 
KP! 










16 


Kt 
Q x 


x R 
Kt+ 










17 














18 












1 


19 















20 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXXXIII. cont'd.- KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 227 



Notes to page 226. 



1 The Handburh gives this move equal authority with 10 K-Ktl. Mr. Wayte says 

the move has been proved to be not feasible. * Mr. Steinitz says, in his notes to 
this game, that the advance of this P should be delayed as long as possible, in 
order to reserve Kt-Ko for some eventualities; and that the P at K4 also pre- 
vents the entrance of the Black Kt at KB4, which move often gives Black a 
strong counter attack. 

2 There is nothing better. If his KB moved Black could have taken the KP with B. 

3 The move made by Mr. Steinitz was an error. He points out the correct play for 

Black in Col. 2. 

4 Black has two minor pieces for the R and a splendid position. The move Mr. 

Steinitz made in the game (13 Kt-Kt3) led to a draw at the (53rd move. 

5 A move recently suggested by Mr. W. N. Potter. Mr. Wayte considers it import. 

ant, and an improvement on 10 K-Ktl for White. 

6 With a fine game for Black must now move his K, with inconveniencies where- 
, ever it goes. Black might have plaved (the notes on White, 10 Q-Q3, are by Mr. 

Potter; 11 P-QB3, whereupon 12 B-Kt3 12 Kt-Kto, 13 Kt-K2, with an excellent 
game. Black could play 12 P-QKt3 but White gets a superiority by 13 Kt-K'2 
13 B-R3, 14 P-B4. We may remark that after 10 Q-Q3 10 P-Ktr> White could at? 
once proceed with 11 Q-Kt5ch 11 K moves, 12 K-Ktl, with what seems to be at 
least an even game. There is also 10 Q-Q3 10 P-Kt5, 11 Kt-Kl 11 Kt-Kt3, 12 Kt-K2, 
and White for choice. 

7 With a fairly good game. However, 12 B-Kto would have been a better move for 

Black. White would then have had the choice of three replies, viz.: 13 K-Ktl 
13 K-B2, and 13 B-Q2, either of these moves preserving equality; but, as diffi- 
cult play arises, we would, after 10 Q-Q3 10 0-0 recommend 11 B-Kt.'l as not only 
a simple but safe course, provided that it be followed up by Kt-K2, in almost 
every line of play, other than obvious exceptions. 

8 Or B-Q2, or K-Ktl, or KB2, with a tenable game in either case, without preju- 

dice to another twelfth move, vis.: QB x P, which has undoubted claims to be 
considered. 

9 There is a choice now of divers continuations at White's disposal, as for in- 

stance 12 P-R5, which is stronger here than in normal variations; 12 P x 1>, 
which has claims: 12 B x Ktch, which is in accordance with latter day practice 
in analogous positions, though we must say that the moderns are prone to ex- 
change for very slight reasons, and thereby they often rebel against the augment- 
ation of force principle; 12 B-B4, which some" would prefer, and it would ap 
parently be a good sound move; 12 B-Kt3, which has points, though B-Kt} 
might be a rather formidable reply; and 12 Q-Kt3, which seems to give 
White a kind of general control over the board, though this would be to a 
great extent neutralized by Black immediately Castling, after which there 
would be plenty of play on both sides. We shall be much surprised if it be 
not now admitted that 10 Q-Q3 has claims that are worthy of consideration. 



228 Table CXXXXV.-KXUG'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 





7 


8 


9 


10 


11 


12 




London 

Congress, 

1833 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


Toronto, 
1884 




Match 
Paris, 
1883 


London, 

1384 




Mortimer 
Bird 


Mortimer 
' Bird 


Zukertort 
Ryall 




Tschigoriu 
De Riviere 


Sutton 
Blackburue 


1 


P-K4 












P-K 












2 


P-KB4 
P x P 












3 


B-QB4 

Q-Pv5ch 












P-Q4 13 


Q- K5ch 


4 


K-Bl 








B x P 


K-Bl 


P-Q3 1 








Q-R5ch 


P-KB4 15 


5 


Q-B3 2 


Kt-KB3 






K-Bl 


Kt-QB316 


Kt-QB3 


Q-R4 






P-KKt4 


Kt-KB3 


6 


P-KIU3 


P-KR4 4 


P-Q4 




Kt-KB3 


P-Q3 


Q-KB3 


Kt-KB35 


P-KKt4 




Q-R4 


P-KKt4 


7 


QxP 
Kt-Q5 


Kt-B3 
B-KKt5 


QKt-B3 
B-K3 




P-KR4 
P-KR314 


Kt-KB3 


Kt-K2? 


, Q-R4 


8 


B-Kt3 
B-K3 


P-Q4 
Kt-B3 


B-K2 


P-KR4 
P-KB3 


B x Pch 
Qx B 


P-KR4 


P-Kt5 


P-KB3 


9 


Kt-QB3 
P-KK4 


B-Kt5 
O-O-O 


Kt-Kl 


P-K5 
B-Kt2 


Kt-K5 
Q-B3 


K-Ktl 


B-R3 


P-Kt5 


10 


P-Q3 
P-KR5 


B x Kt 


Kt-Q3 
P-B6 


P-Q5 
BP x P 


Q-R5eh 
KQ1 


Kt-K5 




P x B 


R-R2 


11 


QxQ 

Kt x Q 


B x P 


P x P 


Kt-QK15 
K-Q2? 12 


Kt-B7ch 


Kt-K2 




P-Q4 6 


Q-R6ch 


K-K2 


Px P 


12 


K-K12 
B x B 


Q-Q3 


K-Ktl 9 
P x P 




Kt x R 


B x P 




B x Kt! 7 


Q x Kt 


Q-B4 


18 


BP x B 
Kt-B7! 


Px B 
P x P 


B x P 




P x P 
Q-K4 


Q-KB1 




Kt-KB3 


P-Q4 


14 


R-Ktl 


Px P 


Q-Bl 




P x P 


B-QEtS 




Kt-K8ch 


li x P ! 


R-KKtlch 




Q xQ 


QKt-Q2 


Iff 


K-Bl 

P x P! 3 


•Q xR 


B-Kt2 
B xB 




R x Q 
B xP 


Kt-Kt3 




Q-B6ch 


B-B4ch! 


1fi 


P xP 
li x-R-f- 


Q-B2 8 
Q x Rch 


R x B 




Kt-B3 


K-R2 




Kt-QB3 


B-K3 


Kt x Kt 


17 




K-K2 


Q-B2 10 




P-Q3 
Kt-Q2 


Kt x Q 




tj xR + 


Kt x QP 


P-Kt6ch 


18 






Kt-KB4 
Q-R3 




R-R4 
R-KB1 


B x P 17 

QKt-Kt5ch 


19 






R-KB1 




Kt-K2 
Kt-K4 


K-R3 




B-B5 


Kt-K6 


20 






R-Kl 
Kt*BP+ll 




Kt-Q4 + 


Q-B4 




B x Kichl8 



For Notes see next -page. 



Table CXXXIV. cont'd. -KING'S BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 229 



Notes to page 228. 



1 Mr. Bird says: ''I adopted this move with much success in America in 1877. 

Although "it is not recommended in the works of any of the leading author- 
ities on the openings, it has stood the test of practice well, and I believe is bet- 
ter than P-KKt4, the move usually played in the magnificent games of Anders- 
sen, Harrwitz, Lowenthal, Kieseritzky, and other great masters who were 
most partial to the unrivaled ' Bishop's Gambit Opening.' " 

2 Mr. Bird continues: " Kt-QB3 is justly considered the best move at this point, 

as it threatens at once to go to Q5, a formidable square. Kt-KB3, or P-Q4, are 
nl«o frequently played, the order of them being varied. The move in the text 
(Q-KB:^ has the sanction of Staunton, and lias been regarded as free from ob- 
jection by other leading authorities. With due respect, however, I do not re- 
gard it as perfectly satisfactory. The 'Bishop's Gambit ' is rarely ventured in 
tournaments or great games, being an opening of a dangerous and decisive 
character. Out of the 283 games in the Vienna Tournament of 1882 there was 
only one example of it." 

3 Threatening l'-KtT. 

4 Mr. Bird's ivies: " 1 do not recollect to have observed this move at this point 

before in nn important contest: it appears, moreover, worthy of attention, and, 
T think, strong; it compels Black to play I'-KKti at once, if he intends to at- 
tempt to keep the gambit P, and this deprives him of a numerous choice of 
moves which he might otherwise select." 

5 Black preferred not to attempt to maintain the Gambit P. 

6 Mr. Bird doubts the prudence of this move which appears to lose important 

time. 

7 The Kt could not be allowed to go to Ko. 

8 Black calculated on White playing to Ktl, losing the B and not the R: Black 

would then have obtained an equivalent in position for the sacrifice of a R for 
B and P. 

9 Dr. Ryall says KB2 is probably better. 

10 P-Q5 would be bad. 

11 Dr. Ryall won on the 42nd move. 

12 Dr. Ryall knows of two instances where this absurd move was made. 

13 A favorite defense of Morpliy, who continued, however, 4 Kt-KB3. 

14 A grave error. B-Kt2 is the only correct move. 

15 A risky counter gambit, not to be commended. 

16 P-K5 would be better. By the move in the text White goes on the defensive. 

17 If Kt x P Black mates in four. 

18 Continued: 21 K-R2 21 QKt-Kt.Jch, 22 K-R3 2? Kt-B7dhlecli, 23 K-K2 23 KKt-Kt5ch, 

24 K-Ktl 24 Kt x Pch, 25 K-Bl 25 Kt x Q, 20 B x Kt 26 O-O-U, and White resigns. 



230 



DEFEAT OF GRIMM'S ATTACK IN THE KING'S 
BISHOP'S GAMBIT. 

The following analysis, from Mr. A. G. Sellman, of Baltimore, first ap- 
peared in " Brentano's Chess Monthly," August, 1881: 

WHITE. BLACK. 

1 P~K4 1 P-K4 

2 P-KB4 2 P x P 

3 B-B4 3 Q-R5ch 

4 K-Bsq 4 P-KKt4 

5 KKt-B3 5 Q-E4 

6 P-Q4 6 B-Kt2 

7 QKt-B3 7 P-Q3 

8 P-K5 8 P x P 

9 P-KR4 9 P-KR3 

10 Kt-Q5 10 K-Qsq 

11 K-Ktsq 11 Q-Kt3 

12 Kt x KP 12 Q-B4 

13 Q-R5 13 B x Kt 

14 P x B 14 P-QB3 

15 B-Q2 15 P x Kt 

16 KB x P 16 QKt-B3 

17 KRP x P 17 B-K3 

18 B x B 18 P x B 

19 R-KBsq 19 Q x QBP 

20 B x P 20 Q-B4ch 

21 K-R2 21 Kt x KP 

22 P-Kt6, and the "books" dismiss the game, asserting that 
White must win. Suppose, however, Black continues with 22 KKt-B3, 
then I think we can prove, by the following variations, that the reverse will 
happen. 

First, by 22 KKt-B3 

23 B-Kt5 23 Rt-Kt5ch 

24 K-K13, or a and b 24 Q-K4ch 

25 K-B3 25 P x B 

26 Qx Rch 26 K-B2 

27 Q-Kt7ch 27 K-Kt3 

And Black wins easily. White must sacrifice his Queen to delay the im- 
pending mate over four moves. 

a If 

24 Q x Kt 24 P x Bdisch, wins. 



231 



b And if 



24 K-R3 24 Q x B, wins. 

Secondly: 22 KKt-B3 

23 P-K17 23 KR-Ktsq 

24 B-KKt5, or a and b. 24 P x B 

25 It x Kt 25 Kt-Kt5ch 
20 Q x Kt ' 26 Q-K4ch 

27 K-K3 27 Q x R 

28 E-Qsqch 28 K-K2 

29 Q Kt4ch 29 K-B2, and wins. 



a If 



24 Q-R4 24 Kl-Ktoch 

25 K-R3 25 It x P 



2G B x KRP 26 R-Kt3 

Black ought to win. 

b And, if 24 R or Q-Qsqch, Black can reply with 24 K-K2, in either case 
getting a safe game, and still retaining the advantage of a piece. 

Thirdly : 

White might play for his 23rd move Q x Kt or B x Kt, but, in either case, 
Black speedily wins. In the first place: 

22 KKt-B3 
23 Q x Kt 23 Kt-Kt5ch, etc. 

And, in the second place: 22 KKt-B3 

23 B x Kt 23 Kt x Q 

24 B x R 24 Q-Q3ch 

25 K-Ktsq 25 Kt-Kt6 

26 R-B7, or a. 26 Q-Q8ch 

27 K-R2, or B2 Black wins easily. 



a If 



26 P-Kt7 26 K-B2 wins. 



Fourthly: 22 KIvt-B3 

23 Q or R-Qsqeh 23 K-K2 

And Black still holds his advantage in force, with a perfectly safe game. 



232 



Table CXXXV.-ALLGAIEE-THOSOLD. 



P-K4 



P-K4 



P-KB4 

P x P 
Kt-Kt5 
P-KR3 



Kt-KB3 




P-KR4 
P-Kt5 



9 
10 

11 

12 
13 
11 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
22 
23 



Chicago, 
1884 



Adair 
Zukertort 

P-Q4 

P-Q4 

B x KBP 

P x P 1 

B-B4cli 

K-Kt3 2 

0-0 3 

BTk72 

P-QB3 

Kt-K2 4 

Kt-Q2 

OJ3-B4 

B-K3 5 

R-Bl 

Kt x P ! 

K-R2 6 

Kt-Kt3 

K-Rl 7 

Q-Q2 

Q-Q3 

B-B4 

Q-QKty 8 

QR-K1 

QKt-B3 9 

B x KRP 

B-Kt3 

B x Bch 

k^Tb - 

Q-KIU5 

It x Reh 

R xR-f 



Team Match 

London, 

1884 

Thorold 
Ballard 



Glasgow, 
1SS4 



Wright 
Speiis 



K-K.t'2 
a. 



Kt-KB3 

Kt-B3 



B-K2 
B-K5 



R-K2 
Q-Q2 



Kt-B3 
P-R5 



Kt x B 
P x Kt 



Kt QB3 

QR-Q1 

Kt x P 

Kt x P 



B-B4c!i 10 Kt-B6ch 



K-Rl 



Kt x P 11 
B-B7ch 

K-Kt3 

Q x Q 12 
R x s! 
R x P 
BTIU3 
B- B7ch 
K-Kt2 
R x B 
K x B 
R x QR 

bTk 

Kt x P 
K-K3 
R-Kl 
P-Kt6 13 



P x Kt 
Q x Q 
B x Q 
Kt x Kt, 

P x Kt 
B^Ql54cli 

K-KI2 

B-QB3ch 

K-Kt3 

R-B6cli 

K-R4 

QR-B1! 

K x P 

B-Q2 

P-Kt6 

R-Rlch-f 



St. Paul 

Minn. 

1884 

Hamilton 
Rohrer 



B-Koch 

Kt-KB3 

0-0 

B-K2 

Kt-QB3 

Kt-QB3 

R-KB4 

Kt x B 

PxKt 

Q x Qch 

R x Q 

B-B4ch 

K-R2 

Kt-R4 

R-B7ch 

K-Kt3 

R x QBP 

P-Kt6eh 

K-Rl 

B-Kt3 

R-QGch 

K-B4 

R-B7ch 

K-Kto 

R-Ktr> 

K x IIP 

Kt x KP 

B^KKt54 



London, 

1SS1 



Gunsbers 
Ballard " 



P-Q3 14 



Learning 

ton. 

■■ issi 

Cocker 
Aspa 



B- B4ch 


B xP 


K-Kt3 


B-K2 


B x P 


' B-B4eh 


Kt-KB3 


K-Kt2 


Q-Q3 15 


O-O 


Q-Kl 


Kt-KB3 


Kt-QB3 


Kt-B3 


Kt-QB3 


R-Kl 17 


P-Roch 


P-K5 


Kt x P 


P x P 


R x Kt 


B x P 


Kt-Kt5 


Kt-B3 


Q-K2 


Q-Kl 


K x R 


Kt x B 


P-R3 


Q x Kt 


Kt-B3 


Q-Q3 


0-0-0 


Q-K3 


K-Kt3 


P-B3 18 


Kt-Q5 ! 


Kt-K4 ! 


R-R2 16 


Kt x Kt 


P-K5 


R-B7cli 


R-B2 


K-Rl 


B checks. 


Q x Kt 


K-Kt2 


Q-K7ch 


Kt-B6 -f 


K-Bl 




Qlt8chl9 




K-K2 




B-KB1 




R x QB 




B-Q3 




R-K5 



R x R 20 



For Note* see next ponje. 



Table CXXXV. continued. -ALLGAIEE-THOROLD. 233 



Notes to page 232. 

1 Mr. ('. E. Banlcen says, in the following notes to this arame, that this move, it is 

true, breaks White's center, but then it lets in iiis KB, ami isolates the Pawn. 
We therefore prefer either P-B6 for Black's 7th move, or to bring the KKt here 
to B3, for if then the P aitacked the Kt, it would go to R4, and, if 9 B-K5, Black 
could answer with Kt-QBS. 

2 Mr. Zukertort, we believe, holds that this followed by B-Kt'2 is best. 

3 There would be no advantage now or at the next move in P-R5ch, as the K would 

simply retire to R2. 

4 Kt-KB3 is certainly stronger, defending both the weak Pawns, as will be seen 

anon. 



5 Preparing an 
observation 



ingenious attack, the point of which seems to have escaped Black's 
, or he would have replied with Q-Q2, or K-R2. 

6 Mr. Ran ken agrees with the Field, in its notes on this game, that Black had am- 

ple time now to play QKt-B3, though at the sacrifice of the KKtP, e, 7 , 

14 QKt-B. n >, 1.3 Kt-Kt3 "K-R2, 16 Kt x B Kt x Kt, 17 B-Q3 Kt-K2, IS Q x P Q-Q2, 
l'.i R-B3 K-Rsq, etc. 

7 This does not turn out well at all: QKt-B3 would still be better. 

8 The Q should have gone to KKt::. and, if the P attack her, to R2, for now she is 

speedily shut out from the game. 

9 If Kt-Ktsq. then 19 Kt x B R x Kt, 20 R-K8 R-Bsq, 21 R x R B x R, 22 B-K5ch 

B-Kt2, 23 R x B8, and wins. 

10 The Glasgow Herald thinks that this move, followed by the capture of the RP, 

gives Black a winning game. 

11 This move anticipates the threatened check at B7. 

12 Necessary, on account of the check at R5. 

13 Continued: 24 P-B4 21 B-Q/>, 25 Kt-Q2 25 R-KB1, 26 Kt-B3 26 B-B7, 27 R-Ql 

27 It x Kt, followed by 28 Kt-B5, and Black wins. 

14 Mr. Potter calls this a very ineffective move. The proper move is P-Q4 or P-B6. 

15 Mr. Potter says Kt-B3 is decidedly better. 

16 lie would prefer B-Kt2 here, as Black can not escape some loss now. 

17 Kt-R4 would have been better, compelling the QB to retreat. 

18 Weak. B-Bl was best. 

19 B-KB4 was the only resource. 

20 Continued: 24 P x R 24 Q x R (hoping for the draw if White capture the B), 

25 B-Q3! 25 K-Ktl, 26 Q-R7ch 26 K-Bl. 27 Q x RPch 27 K-K2, 23 Q x Bch 

28 K-B2, 29 B-Kt6ch 29 K-Kt2, aud White mates iu three. 

(a) Mr. Potter savs 10 Q-Q2 has some claims here, but he does not regard it as trust- 
worthy. But there is another continuation, to wit, 10 Q-K2. Upon this eccen- 
tric aiid apparently aimless move he bases his hope "that the brilliant career 
of the Allgaier-Thorold shall not for a long time come to a close." Black has 
three noticeable replies, namely, 10 x QP, 10 LU-QB3, and 10 Kt-KB::. In an- 
swer to the first, White proceeds 11 P-B:;! 11 Q-B4, 12 B-K::. followed by B-Q4ch. 
and afterward R-KB1, or Kt-Q3, or Castling, as the ease may require. 11 P-B3 
11Q-Q1, 12 B-Koch 12 Kt interposes, 13 R-KB1 13 B-K2, 14 KI-Q2 14 Kt-BS, 

15 B x Ktch 15 B x B, 16 Castles, with a strong attack. If Black 11 Q-Kt3, 
12 B-K5 12 Kt interposes, 13 R-Bl, with a tolerable game. White ma> also 
play 11 B-K3, with a strong game. It is to be noted that 10 Q-K2 10 Q x P, fre- 
quently allows White to play O-O. Mr. Potter promises to deal with Black's 
oilier defenses at his tenth move at some future time. 



234 Table CXXXIV.— SALVIO.-ALLGAIER-K'ZKY. 



P-K4 



P-K4 



P-KB4 
P x P 



Kt-,KB3 
P-KKt4 





Vienna 

Congress, 
1882 


Wiesbaden Com'l Gaz. 
Congress, Corre- 
1880 spondence 
Tournev, 

1883 ■ 


Berlin 

Congress, 

1881 


Vienna 

Conaress, 

1882 


New York, 
1S34 


4 


Steinitz Consul- 
Tschigorin tation 
game 
B-B4 


Kittson 
Tatnall 


Tsehigorii 
Winawer 


i Steinitz 
Zukertort 

P-KR4 


Thornton 

Steinitz 


P-Kt5 








P-Kto 




5 


Kt-K5 
Q-R5ch 








Kt-K5 
KKt-B3 12 




I B-Kt2 


6 


K-Bl 
KKt-R3 








B-B4 
1 P-Q4 


P-Q4 


P-KB6 1] 


Kt-KB3 


7 


P-Q4 
P-B(j 






P-Q4 
Kt-KB3 


P x P 


B-QB4 


B-Kt2 


P-Q4 


8 


QKt-B3 


B-B4 4 


P-Kt3 


Kt-QB3 


QKt-B3 


P x P 


Kt-B3 1 


P-Q3 


Q-KOch 


P x Pch 


0-0 


O-O 


9 


B-B4 
P-Q.3 


Kt-Q3 
P x Pch 


K-B2 


K x P 
Q-KRtich 


P-Q4 
Kt-R4 


QB xP 




Q-Kt7ch 


Kt x QP 


10 


Kt x Kt 
P x Pch 


K x P 
Kt-B3 


K-K3 


K-Ktl 
P-Q4 12 


Kt-K2 
P-QB4 14 


B-KKt3 




P-KB4 


Kt-K6 


11 


K xP 


B-KKt3 


QKt-B3 


B xQP 


P-B3 


QK2! 




P X Kt 


Q-K2 5 


P-QB3 


Kt x B 


PxP 


QxQP 


12 


R-KB1 
B-Q2 


Kt-B2 
B-Kt2 


Kt-Q3 8 
P x KP 


Kt x Kt 
B-Q3 


PxP 


P-B3 




Kt-Q2 15 


Q-Kt3 


13 


Q-Q2 
B-Kt2 


P-B3 


Kt-KB4 
Kt-KB4ch 


Q-Kl 

Kt-Q2 


Kt x Kt ie 
B xKt 


B-Kt3 




B-Q2 


B-K3 


14 


QR-K1 
0-0 


Kt-Q2 
O-O-O 


K xP 
P-Q4ch 


Kt x Kt 
B x Kt 


Q-Q3 
R-Bl 


Kt-Q2 




Kt-B3 


15 


E-K3 
K-Kl 


P-Kt4 6 
P-B4 


B xP 


P-K5 
O-O-O 


Kt x P 
R-Klch 


Kt x Kt 




P x Bch 


Bx B 


IB 


Kt-K2 


P-Kt5 


QKt x P 


PxB! 


K-Ql 


Kt-K7ch ! 




P-Q4 2 


Kt-R4 


Kt-Q3ch 


QR-K1 


P-Kt4 


K-Rl 


17 


PxP 


R-Kl 7 


KQ3 


Q-QR5 + 


Kt x Kt 


P x B 




Kt-B4 


Kt x B 


Q-B7 9 




P x B 


KR-K1 


18 


R-Q3 


Kt x Kt 


B-K3 




Q-QR3 


Kt-QB4 




Q-R4 


B x KtP 


B-B4ch 




B x P 


Kt x Kt 


19 


K-Ktl 
Kt-Pv5 


P x P 


K-B3 

Kt-Kt4ch 




B-Q2 
Q-Kt3 


P x Kt 




Q-B2 


B-B3 


20 


Kt-Kt3 

Q-Kt3 


Kt-K3 
Kt x P 


K-Kt3 
B x BPch 




B-B3 


0-0-0 




R-K6 


R x Kt 


21 


Q-R5 
Kt-B6ch 


Kt x Kt 
Q x Kt 


Q x B 
Q x Bch 




E-Kl 

B x B 


Q xKtP 




B-Kt2 


22 


K-Rl 
P-R4 3 


Q. x P ' 

QxQ + 


Kt x Q 
Kt x PcblO 




R x R 


KR-B1 




Q x R 17 


Q-Kt6 18 



For Notes see next page. 



Table CXXXVI. cont'd.-SALVIO— ALLGAIER, ETC. 235 



Notes to page 234. 



1 P-Q3, followed on Kt retreating to Q3 by P x KtPch, is considered best. 

2 An unwarranted sacrifice, though leading to some lively play. 

3 Continued: 23 P-Q6 23 P-KB4, 21 Q x QBP 24 QR-Q1, 25 R-K3 25 P-R5, 26 Kt-K2 

26 Kt x QP. 27 R-K7 27 Kt x Kt, 23 P> x Kt 28 P-Ktfi, 29 B-B3 29 R-KKtl, 30 P x P 
30 P x P, 31 K-Kt2! 31 B-R3, 32 B-K5ch, and Black resigns. 

4 This game was contested between Bird, Blackburne, and Winawer (White), and 

L. Paulsen, W. Paulsen, and Zukertort (Black). 

5 Avoiding the lock-up of the Q following Q-R6ch. 

6 Mr. Steinitz pronounces this move both premature and hazardous. 

7 Mr. Reichhelm says this move loses the game, as it allows the exchange of the 

B for Kt. Black "won on the 47th move. 

8 The object of this deviation from the usual book move B-Q3, is to imprison the 

Black Q, but the result condemns the strategy. 

9 A lost move, as White does not check and capture R. 

10 Continued: 23 K-B3 23 Kt x Q, 24 K x Kt 24 P-KR4, 25 Kt-(K3)-Q5 25 Kt R3? (the 

losing move; B-Q3 was the proper move), 26 QR-Klch 26 K-B2, 27 R-K5 +. 

11 The Cochrane variation, which Steinitz played successfully against Anderssen 

and Zukertort. 

12 P-Q3 is better play. 

13 Mr. Steinitz says this can be played in lieu of Paulsen's B-Kt2, the moves being 

merely transposed. 

14 This attempt to break through with the P, Mr. Steinitz says, is not new, but in 

this game Mr. Zukertort has hit upon the exact point to apply it. 

15 An excellent move, giving Black the advantage in all variations. 

16 If Kt x KtP the reply Kt-Kt3 wins a piece. 

17 Continued: 23 P x B 23 Q-KtSrh, 24 K-Q2 24 Q x Pch, 2-5 K-K3 25 R-Klch, 26 K-Q4 

26 Q-K5ch. 27 K-B5. 27 Q-K2ch, 28 P-Q6 28 Q-K4ch, 29 Kx P 29 Q-K5ch, 30 K-K13 

30 R-Ktlch. 31 Q-Kt4 31 R x Qch, 32 V x It 32 Q-Q6ch, 33 K-Kt2 33 Q-Q5ch, and 
White resigned. 

18 Continued: 23 R-B2 23 R-KB1, 24 R-Q3 24 R-K3?, 25 R x P! 25 R x R, 26 Q x R 

26 R-BSch, 27 B-Kl 27 Q-Kt3, 28 Q x Q 23 RP x Q, 29 K-Q2 29 K-Ktl, 30 R-Q8ch 
30B-B1, 31 R-Q7? (giving Black a chance to draw: White's correct move was 

31 K-K2) 31 B-Q3!, 32 K-K2 32 R-KtS', 33 K-B2 33 R-R3, 34 K-K2 34 R-Kt8, and 
the game was drawn. 



Table CXXXVII.— K. GAM3IT-K. G. DECLINED. 





1 


2 


3 




1 


2 


3 




London 

Congress, 
1883 


London 

Congress, 

1883 


London 

Minor 

Tonrnev, 

1883 * 








Philadel- 
phia, 
1882 


1 


Tschigorin 

Sell man 

P-K4 


Mortimer 
Rosenthal 


Elisor 
V. Bard- 
eleben 


P-K4 




Steinitz 
Barbour 


F-K4 






P- 


-K4 






2 


P-KB4 
P x P 






P- 


■KB 4 






B- 


■B4 10 


Kt-KB3 


3 


Kt-KB3 
P-KKt4 




P-Q4 5 
Q-K5cti 


KKt-Ba 
P-Q3 




Px P 
Kt x B 


4 


B-B4 
B-Kt2 


P-KR4 
P-Ki5 


K-K2 
P-Q4 


B 


l!4 




KKt-B3 


KKt-B3 


Kt-Kt4 14 


5 


P-Q4 

P-Kt5? 


K1-K5 
P-Q3 3 


P xP 
B-Q3 6 


P B3 




P-B3 


Q- 


■K2! 11 


P-Q4 


k 


Kt-Ktl 1 
Q-K5oh 


Kt x KtP 
B-K2 


P-B4 

P-QKt3 


Q- 


■K2I 




P x Pe.p. 




p- 


■B3! 


Kt-B3? 


B xP 


7 


K-Bl 


P-Q4 


Kt-KB3 


P-Q3 


P-QPv412 


P-Q4 




Kt-Qu3 


B x Poh 


B-KKt5 


P- 


■QKt4 


P-QK4 


Q-K2ch 


. 8 


P-B3 


Kt-B2 
Q-Kt4 


K-Q2 


B-Kt3 
KKt-Q2 


P-B5 
KKt-Kto 


K-B2 


B-K3 


B x Kt 


Kt-K5ch 


9 


QKt-E3 
P-B3 ? 


Kt-B3 


Q x B 


P-B5 — 
E-Kl2 — 


P-Q4 13 

P X P 


K-Ktl 




KKt-B3 


Kt-Q2 


O-O 


10 


P-KKt3 
P xP 


Q-B3 
Kt-Kt5 


P-QR3 
P-QK4 






P xP 


B-Q3 




B x P 


P-KB4 


11 


K-Kt2 
B x B 


Kt-Ql 


Kt-B3 
Kt-K2 






Kt x B 

Ivt x Kt 


P-B4 




Kt x Kt 


P-QB4! 


13 


QxB 
P x P 


Kt x Kt 
Kt-B3 


K-B2 






Q x Kt 
Kt-B7eh 


P-Q5 




O-O 


QKt-Q'J 


13 


K x P 


P-B3 


B-Q3 






K-Ql 


Q-K2 




Q-K2 


B-Kt6 


Kt-Kt3 






Kt x li 


Kt-K4 15 


14 


Q-B4 


B-K2 
.B-Q2 


B-Q2 






QxP 
ll-KBl 


Kt x Kt 




P-Q3 


Q-B3 


B x Kt 


15 


R-KB1 
Kt-Qt 


B-Q2 
0-0-0 


Kt-K4 ! 
Q x P 






B-B6 


P-KKt3 




B-Q2 


B checks 


Ifi 


R-B5 


0-0-0 


B-B3 






Q x Rch 


K-Kt2 




P-K14 ? 


P-Bl 


Q-K6 






Qx(c2 


B-Kl 


17 


B-Kt3 


P x P 


Q xQ 7 






B x Q + 


R-Kl 




Kt-K3 


Q x P 


PxQ 








B-Q2 


18 


Q-K8 
P-B3 


B-Pvo 


QR-K1 8 
B-Bo 








Kt-Q2 




Q-B2 


Q-B3 


19 


KI-B2 
Kt-Kt4 


P-Kt3 


P-KK13 
B-E3 








Kt x Kt 




QK-B1 


P xKt 


20 


B-Q5 
K-Ktl 2 


QR-Pvl 


B-Q4 
QR.-K1 9 








B x P 




Kt-K-J 4 


B-B4 16 



i or 'notes see next paje. 



able CXXXVII. coni'd.— K. GAMBIT -K.G. DECLINED. 237 



Notes to page 236. 



1 Mr. Zukertort says Wliite may enter here into the Muzio with fi 0-0 or 6 B x P, 

or proceed with Kt-K5. The text move is new, but perfectly safe. 

2 Continued: 21 Kt-Kt4 21 Kt-B3?, 22 Q x KV. 22 Kt x B (if P x Q, White's reply is 

K x Keh r ) 2:Ui x Kt-p. 

3 Mr. Minehin says it is singular that such a master of the openings as M. Rosen- 
. tli a I should ha\ e selected this old fashioned form of defense, when that spring- 
ing from Kt-KB:5and I! -Kt2 tjives so decided an advantage that the attaek is 
now rarely ventured on. 

4 Through errors White lost this game at move 53. 

5 An old move— the Polcrio Gambit. 

6 As at the similar stage of the Steinitz Gambit. Black may here play 5 Q-K2eh, 

giving White the choice between a very inferior game and a draw by perpetual 
check. As Black is playing to win in this game. Mr. W. M. Gattie would prefer 
the following continuation for Black: 5 B-KKt5oh, 6 Kt-BS G Kt-Q2, 7 P-IS4 
7 O-O-O, 8 K-Q2 8 Kt-B3, with a good game. 

7 Q-R5 would have been a difficult move for Black to meet. 

8 An error. White should have played Kt x I'., afterward regaining ; ic P l>v 

QR-Kland B-Q4. 

9 Further errors enabled Black to win on the 46th move. 

10 Mr. Max Judd says this is Black's best reply. In his opinion, the capture of the 

1', whatever it maybe theoretically, more often leads to defeat than success 
in practice and even in match play. Taking the P gives the fust player many 
ways of instituting a strong attack, odds givers are very partial to "the Gam- 
bit accepted. By declining the Gambit with 2 B-Bl the garni- remains eve'n. 

11 Mr. Judd says this is the best move at this stage, and leads jn many cases to de- 

cided advantage for Black. It prevents the establishment of White's center 
Pawns. In this line of play Black must not exchange his QB for the White 
KKt. The books advise it, but .Mr. Judd says it is not the best play. 

12 Preventing Black from exchanging QTCt for B, and having other obvious inten- 

tions. 

13 White might also play R-Bl. 
li An invention by Mr. Barbour. 

15 Showing the purpose of his 11th move. 

16 Continued: 21 Q-R3 21 It x B, ami Mr. Steinitz resigned, seeing that if he took 

the R he would lose his <l by li-RGch, forcing the K to abandon the defense of 
the Q. 



238 



IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 

The popularity of the irregular openings in the recent Chess Congresses 
has already been referred to. Specimens of these efforts to avoid book play 
are very frequent in the Book of the London Chess Congress, 1883, and in- 
deed the volume might serve as a modern treatise on the subject. In the 
242 games the first player opened 182 times with P-K4, and otherwise 60 
times. The second player replied to 1 P-K4 with the same move 110 times, 
and otherwise 72 times. "White played 1 P-KB4 eight times; 1 Kt-QB3 
once; 1 P-Q4 twenty-four times; 1 Kt-KB3 nine times; 1P-K3 twice; and 
1 P-QB4 sixteen times. Ten of the thirty-two games contested at that 
meeting by Mr. Zukertort had irregular openings. We present one page 
from the London games as examples of prevailing ideas in declining to 
offer any of the standard debuts. 

Mr. E. Freeborough says the opening 1 P-KB4, advocated by Mr. Bird, 
does not stop the reply from Black 1 P-K4, if the latter wishes to play 
From's Gambit 



■■ 



Table CXXXVIII.— IRREGULAR OPENINGS. 239 



London London London London London London 

Congress, Congress, Congress, Congress, Congress, Congress, 

1883 1833 LS83 L883 1883 L888 





Zukertort 
Rosenthal 


Zukertort 
Englisch 


Zukertort 

Mason 


Zukertort 

Winawer 


Mason 
Steinitz 


Blael; burne 


1 


Kt-KB3 
P-Q4 






P-Q4 
P-Q4 




P-KB4 
P-K3 


2 


P-Q4 
P-K3 






P-K3 

B-1H 


B-B4 


P-K3 




KI-KB3 


P-QB4 18 


P-QKtS 


3 


P-K3 
Kt-KB3 




P-K3 . 
B-Kt5 


Kt-KB3 
P-K3 


P x P? 
Kt-QB3 


KKt-B3 




P-QB4 


B-Kt2 


4 


P-B4 
B-K2 


B-K2 4 
Kt-K B 3 


B-K2 

B x Ivt 


B-K2 
BQ3 


Kt-K B3 


P-QKtS 




P-B3 19 


B-K2 


ft 


Kt-B3 
O-O 


O-O 


B x B 
P-K3 


0-0 
Kt-KB3 


P-K3 


B-Kt2 




Kt-B3 


P-K4 


1) B3 


6 


B-K2 
P-B4 


P-QK13 
B-K2 


O-O 
LJQ3 


P-B4 
P-B3 


B-Kt3 

B x P 


Kt-B3 

Kt-K 2 


7 


O-O 
Kt-QB3 


B-Kt2 
O-O 


P-B4 
P-B3 


Kt-B3 


P-B3 


B-Q3 22 




QKt-Q2 


KKt-K2 


Ki-Q4 


8 


P-QKt3 
Kt-K 5? 


P-B4 
BP x P? 


Kt-B3 
QKt-Q2 


P-B5 
B-B2 


QKt-Q2 
B-Kt3 


Q-K2 
Kt-B3 


9 


B-Kt2 
BP x P? 


KP x P 
P-QIU3 


P-QKt°> 
R-QBl 


P-QKt4 
P-QR3? 


B-K2 
O-U 20 


P-QR3 

Kt x Kt 


10 


Kt x Kt! 

P x Kt 


QKt-Q2 5 
B-KrJ 


B-Q2 10 
B-Ktl 11 


P-QR4 
Kt-Kt515 


O-O 
Kt-B4 


P x Kl ' 
P-K4 


11 


Kt x P 
P-B3 1 


R-Bl 
K-Hl ~ 


Pv-Kl 12 
P-KPv4 


P-KR3 


P-K4 


O-O-O 




P-KK4 


Kt x B 


Q-K2 


12 


Kt x Kt 
P xKt 


B-Q3 
B-K6 6 


P x P 

BP x P 


B-K12 16 
B-K5 


IIP x Kt 
P-Q5 


BB5 




O-O-O 


13 


Q-B2 
P-KB4 


R-Kl 7 
Kt-QK48 


P-K4 


P-Kt5 


P X P 


KH-K1 




P x P 


B x Kt 


PxP 


KR-K1 


14 


P-B5 2 


Q-K2 
B-Kto 


Kt x P 


B x B 


B-B4ch 

K- in 


Q-B2 




Kt x Kt 


Q-lvi4 


P-Kt3 


15 


P-QIU4 

lt-Ktl 


P-QR3 
B-Q3 9 


P> x Kt 


P-KtC! 
B-Ql 


Kt-Kt3 
B-KKt-J 


B-R3 




Kt-B3 


B-Kt2 


16 


B-QB3 
B-B3 


P-B5! 
B x B 


15 x P 

B x Pch 


P x Kt 
P x P 


B-Qo 

Kt-K 1 ! 


P-Kt3 
P-B4 


17 


QE-Q1 
P-O/J 


Q x B 
B-B5 


K-Bl 
R-QKtl 


B xP 
P-B4! 


B x P 
R-QKtl 


P-K4 
P xKP 


18 


? x B 


R-B2 
Kt-Brf 


Q-B3 
B-Q3 


P-B4! 
QxB 


B-Q5 

P-B4 ! 


R x P 




*vx B 


Q-Bl 


19 


K-Qfi! 
R x P 3 


P-QKt4 
B-Ktl 


B-Kt6 


Q xQ 


QKt-Q2 21 
P-B5 


. R-K2 




B-K2 13 


PxQ 


P x P 


20 


Q-Q2 + 


P-Kt5 + 


QR-Q1 


P-K4 
B-B3 17 


Q-R4 


R x R 




O-o 14 


KtxKten — 


Q x It 23 



For Notes see next page. 



240 Table CXXXVIIX. cont'd— IRREGUT.AB, OPENINGS. 



Notes to page 239. 



1 Mr. Zukertort says M. Rosenthal plays this game below his usual standard. He 

has already a bad game, and the text move loses time on the K side, and gives 
White an opportunity to break up the Q side. 

2 Blocking the action of both hostile Bishops and opening a good square for his B 

at QB4. 

3 A blunder, but Black's game is lost, his position being blocked and his Pawns 

weak. 

4 Mr. Zukertort says "White may also proceed with 4 P-QKt.3, 5 B-Kt2, and C B-Q3. 

5 After the exchange of Pawns on the previous move White makes the text move 

to protect the QBP, and keep the QB file clear for the Rooks. 

6 Black errs here in attacking White's QBP, which is not open to assault. 

7 Threatening to win a P with 14 P x P 14 B x B, 15 P x Kt 15 B-Kt4, 1G Kt-K5 

16 Q-Kl. 

8 P x P would be better. 

9 Overlooking White's next move. He should have captured the Kt. 

10 White could not play the KP on account of Black's reply B-Kt5. 

11 Preparing to attack on the K side. 

12 Making an outlet for the K, and preparing to attack in the center. 

13 If 19 Kt-Kt5 White wins a piece by R x Pch, etc, 

14 White won after a hard battle of 53 moves. 

15 A premature attack. 

16 Mr. Zukertort says he. should have played B-Q2. 

17 This game was a prolonged struggle of 79 moves. Black overlooked a draw at 

move 45, and again at move 59. White finally won. 

18 Mr. Steinitz says this is a novelty which seems to break the force of this attack, 

once so much dreaded that Morphy avoided it against Harrwitz by 1 P-KB4, 
after losing twice with the defense 1 P-Q4. 

19 Securing a center, and an excellent game. 

20 Kt-KB4 would have been premature, on account of the reply Kt-KR4. 

21 White probably saw too late that he could not capture the QP, 19QKtxP 

19 P x P, 20 B x KP 20 KB x QKt, and White can not retake without losing his Q. 

22 Mr. Bird says White has unquestionably the better opening, 

23 This was a fine game of 45 moves, and was won by White. 



241 



THE BLACKMAR GAMBITS. 

Mr. A. E. Blackmar, of New Orleans, sends to the editor the following 
analysis of winning positions in two interesting gambits invented by him, 
and which he has been playing for four years. The second gambit is not 
played much, because few make use of the Hollandish Defense, Black 
1 P-KB4. 

In the first gambit the general opinion is that Black should not capture 
the second P, but play 8 P-K3 or 3 P-K4, as suggested by Mr. Chas. A. 
Maurian. 

Mr. Blackmar has a manuscript book of over 300 games played at the 
gambits, and his conclusion is that both lead to most interesting positions, 
giving White an immense variety of brilliant attacks to repay for the P 
sacrificed. 

The second gambit resembles From's Gambit at White's fourth move, ex- 
cept that White is a move ahead. 



242 Table CXXXIX — BIjACKMAR GAMBIT. 



P-Q4 P-K4 P-KB3 Kt x P 

1 P-Q4 2 P x P~ d PxP 4 



4 


B-B4 














P-B3 












5 


P-K3 




6 


KB-B4 










B-K2 


B-K2 










P-K4 


7 


O-O 










Kt x P 


Kt-KB3 






• 




B x Kt 


8 


QKt-Q2 
P-B3 










E x B 


Q-E5eh 


9 


Kt-K5 1 
B-Kt3 








Kt-Kt5 

0-0 


P-KKt3 


0-0 


Q-K5 


10 


QKt-B3 
QKt-Q2 




Kt x B 
EP x Kt 


P-KKt4 
B-Kt3 


QKt-B3 
P-KE3 


o-o 


QxE 


11 


Q-K2 




B x P 


P-KE4 


Kt x BP 


Q-Kt3 + 


B-K4 


P-QR3 


P x B 


P-KE3 


E x Kt 




12 


Q-Kl 


Kt x B 


Q-B2 


Kt x B 


Kt-K5 




B x Kt 


EP x Kt 


K-B2 


P x Kt 


B-K5 




13 


KtxKBP 


Kt-Kt5 + 


Kt-B3 


B x Pch 


B x P 




Kesigns 2 




Q-B2 


K-E2 


B-Q4 




14 






Kt-K5ch 


P-Kt5 + 


Kt x E 




K-Kti 


Q-KB1 




15 






Q x P 




Kt x EPch 
K-El 




B-Ql 




16 






B-B4 




Kt-B7ch 
K-Ktl 




Q-K2 




17 






B-Kt5 




Kt-Kt5ch 








Q-Kl 




K-Kl 




18 






E x Kt+ 




E xKt + 





1 Threatens PaB. 

2 Correspondence game between A. E. Blaelcmar and L. 8, Atkinson. 



Table CXL.-BLACKMAE GAMBIT. 



243 



l'-Qi 
P-Q4 



I'-Kf 



1' x P 



P-KB3 
P xP 



Kt x P 



10 



11 



4 














B-Kt5 


P-K3 


5 


P-B3 








B-Q3 




Kt-KB3 


P-K4 


KKt-B:; 


6 


B-Q3 




B-QB4 


Q-R4ch 5 


P-B3 




P-K3 




P-K5 


B-Q2 


P-QKtS 


7 


O-O 
B-Q3 




B x BPch 
K-K2 


Q-Kt3 
P-K5 


B-K3 




B-Kt2 


8 


Q-Kl 
O-O 


QKt-Q2 
O-O 


B x Kt 


Kt-Kt5 
Q-B8 


QKt-Q2 




P-KR3 4 


Kt-Q4 


9 


Q-R4 
B x Kt 


Q-Kl 
QKt-B3 


Q-K2 
B x Kt 


KB-B4 


Q-K2 




KKt-Pv3 


Kt-Q2 


10 


RxB 
QKt-Q2 1 


Q-R4 


P x B 


K-Bl + 6 


O-O-O 




P-KK3 


R x B 


B-K2 


11 


QB-Kt5 


Kt-K4 


Q x Pch 




Kt-K4 




P-KKt3 


Kt xKt 


K-B2 




P-KR3 


12 


r x Kt 


Q x B 
P-KB4 


Q xKtP 
Kt-Q2 




B-Q2 ! 




B-K2 


KKt-B3 


13 


K x KtPch 


Q-R3 


Q-Q5ch + 




Kt xKt 




BP x It 


Q-B3 






B x Kt 


14 


13 x B + 2 


B-K3 






Kt-K5 




.QU-K1 


Kt xKt 


ir> 




B x Kt 






P x Kt 




P x B 


B-Kt4 


16 




Kt-K5 3 






K-Ktl 



B x B 7 



1 If 111 P-KR3, 11 B xRP+. 

2 Game, Blackmar and D. Daponte. 

3 Thus far this is a same between A. E. Blackmar and J. A. Galbreath. White 

played 10 Kt-Kt">, and Black played Q x Rch and lost. He should have played 
C|-Kt3. 

4 If 8 Y x Kt, 9 Q-Kt3 +. 

5 Showing the purpose of White's fifth move. 

6 Game, Blackmar and L. L. Labatt. 

7 An unfinished correspondence game. 

Note. — The French Defense now often runs into trie Blackmar Gambit, viz.: 
1 I'-Kl 1 P-K3, 2 I'-QI 2 P-Q4, 3 P-QB3 3 P x P, ! Kt-Q2 I Kt-KB3, 5 P-B3 5 P x P, 
6 KKt • 1'. II 1 P-B : I B-Q3, 5 P a P or Kt-Q2, 5 Q-R5cli +■ 



244 Table GXLI.-BLACKMAE GAMBIT. 



P-Q4 P-K4 P-KB3 Kt xP B-Q3 

J- T> r\A " *> T> .. TO ' " T5 .. T> . 4 t> tto D 



11 



P x P " P x P • P-K3 " Kt-KB3 

P-B3 0-0 . QKt-Q2 

b B-Q3 ' Kt-B8 O-O 

12 13 14 15 

Kt-Kt5 
P-KR3 

Ex Kt 

P x K QxR P x Kt 

Kt-E7 QKt-K4 Q-R5 + 



R-Kl 


P-KB1 


Q-E5 


Q-R5 


B-Bl 1 


K x Kt 


Kt-K4 + 2 


Kt-K4 




PxKt 




B x RP 




Px B 




Pv-KBl 




Q-K2 3 




K-B3+ 4 



Q-K2 



19 Q- R5 Q-R5 Q.B5 

" B-Q2 5 
-J q Kt-R7 

14 
15 
16 



K x Kt 6 

Kt-B6ch 



K-Rl 
B x P 



P-KKt3 7 



1 If 12 Kt-K2, or B-K2, or B-B5, or B-K4, 13 IO-K4+. 

2 If 13 K x Kt, 14 Kt-Kt5ch, or*14 Kt x BPch. If 13 B-Kt2, 14 KKt x BP +. 

3 If 15 Q-Q2, 16 B-Kt5 and then to B6 +. 

4 If 16 P-Q7, 17 B-B4ch +. If 16 P-K4, 17 R-IU3. If 16 P-B3, 17 B x Reh +. 

5 If 12 P x Kt, mate in two. If 12 P-KKt3, mate in four. If 12 P-KB3, 13 Q-Kt6+. 

6 If 13 P-KKt3 or KR-Q1, 14 QKt-B6ch +. 

7 White mates in eight moves. 



Table CXLII.- BLACKMAE GAMBIT. 245 



P-Q4 P-K4 P-KB3 Kt x P _ l'-B3 

1 P-Q4 l PxP 6 P x V 4 B-K15 5 

16 17 18 19 20 



5 












Kt-KB3 




(5 


B-Q3 










P-K3 










7 


0-0 










P-QB3 




8 


QIU-Q2 










B-Q3 










9 


Q-Kl 










B-R4 










10 


Kt-K4 
B-Kt3 








- 


11 


' KKt-Kt5 
B-K2 










12 


Kt x Ktch 
P xKt 












B x Kt 




13 


Kt x KP 






Kt x KP 




P x Kt 






P x Kt 




11 


B-QB4 
0-0 






Q x Pch 
B-K2 






B-B2 


K-Bl 


15 


B-R6 




B x P 


QB-Kt5 


B-KB4 




11-Kl 




B x B 


Q-Q2 


B-B2 


18 


Q x Pch 




Q x B 


B x Bch 


B-Q6ch 




K-El 




Q-Q2 


Px B 


K-Ktl 


17 


Q-Kt4 
B-Bl 1 




Q-K2 
K-Bl 


Q x KtPeh 
K-Ql 


B-QB4 


P-KB4 


Q-Q2 


18 




ExP 


Q-R5ch 


Q x KtP 


R x B 






Q-Q2 


Pv-B2 


R-Kl 


P x R 


19 




QR-KB 
B-Q3 


R-B5 3 

Q-K3 


R-B7 + 


QxPj 


20 




Q-Kt5 + 2 


B-Q2 4 







1 Correspondence game between A. E. Blackmar and L. S. Atkinson, discontinued 

after 17th move. 

2 If Black plays 20 B-K2 White mates in 7 moves. If 20 B x R, mate in 2; if 

20 Q-K2, 21 R-BSch wins; if 20 Q-Qsq, 21 R-B7 21 R-Ktsq (21 Kt-Q2, 22 B-Kt7ch, 
mating in 2), 22 B-Kt7ch wins. 



3 If 19 B-Kt5 19 Q-Ql. 

4 Tf 20 Kt-Q2, 21 P-Q5 21 V x P, 22 R Ksq 



246 Table CXLIII .— BLACKMAR'S SECOND GAMBIT. 



P-Q4 



r-KBd 



P-K4 



B x P 



P-KB3 



Kt x P 



KKt-B3 



B-Q-3 1 



P-K3 

Kt-Kt5 



9 

10 

11 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 



P-KKt3 
Kt x EP 
K x Kt 
B x Pch 
K-B2 
B-Kt5 



B-K2 
00 



K-Bl 
B x E 



K x B 

B x Kt 



B x B 
Q-R5ch 



K-Bl 2 
Q-B8ch ^ 



P-KKt3 

Kt-KKt5 

P-Q4 

Kt x EP 

li x Kt 

B x Pch 

K-Q2 

B x E 

Kt x B 

0-0 

Q-Kl 

Q-B3 

KKt-B3 

Kt-B3 

P7B3 

B-B4 

Q-Kt3 

QR-K1 4 



P-Q3 
P-KK3 
QKt-B3 
Kt-Kt5 
P-K4 
Kt x EP 
P-K5 
B x P 
Kt x B 5 
Q-B5ch 
K-K2 
0-0 
Q-Kl 
B-Kt5ch 
Kt x £ 
Q x Ktch 
K-Q2 
Kt x Bch 
B x Kt 
Q x Pch+ 



B-K3 
P-Q5 



B-Ktsq 
B-Kt5ch 
Kt x B 
Q x Ktch 
K-Q2 
Kt x Bch 
K-Bsq 
Q-Kt4ch 
K-Ktsq 
Kt-Q7ch 
K-Bl 
E-B8 + 



P-KKt3 
Kt x EP 
Kt x Kt 
B x Pch 
K-Q2 
Q-E5 6 
B-Kt2 7 
P-Q5 
Kt-Q5 8 
Q-Kt4ch 
P-K3 
B-B7 + 



Kt-Bl 
Q-Kt4ch 
P-K3 
P x Ktch 
P x P 
0-0 + 



1 The position is like that of the From Gambit, except that White has given KBP 

instead of QP, and is a move ahead. 

2 If 13 K-K2, 14 R x B +. 

3 Game between A. E. Blackmar and A Labry. 

4 If 1-1 Q x BP, 15 B x Kt 15 R x B, 16 Q-R3ch 16 K-Qsq, 17 Q-R8 +. 

5 If 9 Q-K2, 10 Kt x Ktch +. 

6 Appears better than B-B5ch, P-Q5, or Q-Ktlch. 

7 If P-K3, 11 P-Q5, Kt-K4, 12 P x Pch, K moves, 13 B x Kt +. 

8 If Kt goes to any other square White mates in two. 



247 



THE "MEADOW HAY" AND "STONEWALL" OPENING. 

The "Meadow Hay" is an invention of Mr. Preston Ware, of Boston. 
Its first move to P-QIt-4 for either attack or defense. Mr. Steinitz gave it 
some passing attention in 1878, and pronounced its irregularity more mani- 
fest than its value, and said that it is not likely to supersede the debuts of 
the middle Pawns, which free the actions of the Queens and Bishops. 
When it is rememhered, he remarked, that there are actually oyop 1 00 dif- 
ferent ways of starting the game on both sides, on the first move only, with- 
out proceeding further, it would occasion no surprise that originality is 
sometimes applied to the very first move, and strange openings are thus 
introduced. Mr. Ware has played the " Meadow Hay" at Chess Congresses 
in Europe and America, and proved it to possess considerable strength 
among the irregular openings. 

The "Stonewall Opening" was also invented by Mr. Ware, but thus far 
has attracted little attention. 



248 Table CXLIV.— MEADOW HAY O.— STOHE WALL O. 



P-QE4 P-( 





P-K4 






P-Q4 


Kt-KB3 


2 


P-QB3 


P-QE5 


P-QB3 


P-KB4 5 


P-KB4 




P-Q4 


P-Q4 


P-KB4 


P-K3 


P-KKt3 


3 


P-Q4 
P-K5 • 


P-K3 
P-KB4 


P-Q4 


KKt-B3 
KKt-B3 


Kt-KB3 




P-K5 


B-Kt2 


4 


B-B4 


P-QBG 
P xP 2 


B-B4 
Kt-KB3 


P-K3 
B-Q3 


P-K3 




B-Q3 


P-Q3 


fi 


B x B 


Kt-KB3 
P-K5 


P-K3 

P-Q4 


B-Q3 
P-B4 


B-K2 




Qx B 


O-O 


6 


P-K3 
B-JB4 


Kt-K5 
Kt-KB3 


KKt-B3 
B-Q3 


P-B3 


0-0 




KL-B3 


QKI-Q2 


7 


Q-B2 


P-Q4 
B-Q3 


P-QB4 


0-0 
P-QB3 


P-B4 




Kt-KB3 


P-QB3 


P-B3 


8 


Kt-Q2 


B-K2 
O-O 


P-B5 


B-Q2 
O-O 


Kt-B3 




O-O 


Q-B2 


9 


P-KK3 


0-0 


Kt x B 


P-QE3 


P-K4 




P-QR4 


P-QB4 


P-QKt3 


P-QKt3 


P-K4 


10 


P-KB4 


P-QKt3 
B-K3 


P-QKt4 
P-QR4 


P-Pv3 
B-Kt2 


BP xP 




P x P en p. 


P xP 


11 


Qx B 


B-Kt2 
QKt-Q2 


P-QKt5 
O-O 


B-Ksq 
Kt-K5 


P-Q5 




Q-Kt6ch 


Kt-B4 


12 


K-Qsq 
P x KtP 


E x P+ 3 


P x BP 


QKt-Q2 
Kt x Kt 


B-Q3 




Kt x P 


Q-Kt3 7 


13 


Kt-K2 
Px£(Q)ch 




B-Kt5 
Kt-Kt5 


Q x Kt 


K-Esq 




Kt-B4 


Kt-Kt5 


14 


Kt x Q 




0-0 


Pv-Qsq 


B-K2 




Q-Kt3 




Q-QB2 


Kt-B5 


Kt-Q2 


15 


Q-B4 




P-B6 


Q-K2 
Kt-K4 6 


Q-Ksq 




Q-Q6ch 


P-KKt4 


Q-Qsq 


1(5 


K-Ksq 




Kt-KE5 


B-E4 + 


P-KE3 




Kt-E3 




Kt-Kt-5 




KKT.-B3 


17 


E-KKtsq 




P-Kt3 




B-K3 




Kt-K5 




Q-B2+4 




P-KE3 


18 


Q-E6 

P-Kt3 








E-Qsq 
E-Ksq 


19 


Kt-B4 
Q-QB5 1 








P-E3 8 
P x P + 



For Notes see next page. 



Tabic CXLIV. continued.— MEADOW HAY O., ETC. 249 



Notes to page 248. 



1 And White mates in four moves. This game is one of a match played by Mr. 

Ware with Mr. Keyes in Boston in 1878. Mr. Ware played his "Meadow ilay " 
Opening in all the ten games of the match, winning nine of them. 

2 Mr. Steinitz would have preferred P-QKt3. 

3 Black's RP was bound to fall, and the open II file gives White the better position. 

The game is one won by Mr. Ware from Capt. Mackenzie. 

4 From a game won from Mr. Ware by Capt. Mackenzie. 

5 The " Stonewall Opening.' 

6 A loss of time. Mr. Sellman recommends P-QKtl. From a game won by Mr. 

Ware from Mr. Weiss at the Vienna International Chess Congress, 18S2. 

7 Beginning a counter attack. 

8' A weak move. This game was won from .Mr. Ware by Mr. Paulsen at the 
Vienna Congress, 1382. 



250 



CHESS CODE 

OF 

THE CHESS A.SSOCIA_TIOIsr 

OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

Adopted in New York, January 28ih, 1880, during the session of the Fifth 
American Chess Congress. 



DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED. 

Whenever the word "Umpire" is used herein, it stands for any Com- 
mittee having charge of Matches or Tournaments, with power to de- 
termine questions of chess-law and rules; or for any duly appointed 
Referee, or Umpire ; for the bystanders, when properly appealed to ; or for 
any person, present or absent, to whom may be referred any disputed 
questions ; or for any other authority whomsoever having power to deter- 
mine such questions. 

When the word "move" is used it is understood to mean a legal move 
or a move to be legally made according to these laws. 

When the word "man" or "men" is used, it is understood that item- 
braces both Pieces and Pawns. 

THE CHESS-BOARD AND MEN. 

The Chess-board must be placed with a white square at the right-hand 
corner. 

If the Chess-board be wrongly placed, it can not be changed during the 
game in progress after a move shall have been made by each player, pro- 
vided the men were correctly placed upon the board at the beginning, i. e. 
the Queens upon their own colors. 

A deficiency in number, or a misplacement of the men, at the beginning 
of the game, when discovered, annuls the game. 

The field of the Standard Chess-board shall be twenty-two inches square. 

The Standard Chess-men shall be of the improved Staunton Club size and 
pattern. 

FIRST MOVE AND COLOR. 

The right of first move must be determined by lot. 
The player having the first move must always play with the white men. 
The right of first move shall alternate, whether the game be won, lost or 
drawn. 



251 

The game is legally begun when each player shall have made his first 
move. 

Whenever a game shall be annulled, the party having the move in that 
game shall have it in the next game. An annulled game must be, considered, 
in every respect, the same as if it had never been begun. 

CONCESSIONS. 

The concession of an indulgence by one player does not give him the right 
of a similar, or other, indulgence from his opponent. 



If, during the course of the game, it be discovered that any error, or 
illegality has been committed, the moves must be retraced, and the necessary 
correction made, without penalty. If the moves can not be correctly re- 
traced, the game must be annulled. 

If a man be dropped from the board and moves made during its absence, 
such moves must be retraced and the man restored. If this can not be done 
to the satisfaction of the Umpire, the game must be annulled. 



The King can be Castled only, 

When neither the King nor the Castling Rook has been moved, and 
Where the King is not in check, and 

Where all the squares between the King and Rook are unoccupied, and 
Where no hostile man attacks the square on which the King is to be 
placed, or the square he crosses. 

In Castling, the King must be first moved. 

The penalty of moving the King prohibits Castling. 

EN PASSANT. 

Taking the Pawn " en passant," when the only possible move, is com- 
pulsory. 

QUEENING THE PAWN. 

A pawn reaching the eighth square must be at once exchanged for any 
piece (except the King) that the player of the Pawn may elect. 



A player falsely announcing "check," must retract the move upon which 
the announcement was based and make some other move, or the move made 
must stand at the option of the opponent. 

No penalty can be enforced for any offense committed against these rules 
in consequence of a false announcement of " check," nor in consequence of 
the omissiou of such announcement, when legal "check" be given. 



252 



"J'adoube," "I adjust," or words to that effect, can not protect a player 
from any of the penalties imposed by these laws, unless the man or men ' 
touched, obviously need adjustment, and unless such notification be distinctly 
uttered before the man, or men, be touched, and only the player whose turn 
it is to move is allowed so to adjust. 

The hand having once quitted the man, but for an instant, the move must 
stand. 

Men overturned or displaced accidentally may be replaced by either 
player, without notice. 

A willful displacement, or overturning of any of the men^ forfeits the game. 

PENALTIES. 

Penalties can be enforced only at the time an offense is committed, and 
before any move is made thereafter. 

A player touching one of his men, when it is his turn to play, must move 
it. If it can not be moved he must move his King. If the King can not 
move, no penalty can be enforced. 

For playing two moves in succession the adversary may elect which move 
shall stand. 

For touching an adversary's man, when it can not be captured, the of- 
fender must move his King. If the King can not move, no other penalty can 
be enforced. But if the man touched can be legally taken, it must be captured. 

For playing a man to a square to which it can not be legally moved, the 
adversary, at his option, may require him to move the man legally, or to 
move the King. 

For illegally capturing an adversary's man, the offender must move his 
King, or legally capture the man, as his opponent may elect. 

For attempting to Castle illegally, the player doing so must move either 
the King or Rook, as his adversary may dictate. 

For touching more than one of the player's own men, he must move either 
man that his opponent may name. 

For touching more than one of the adversary's men, the offender must 
capture the one named by his opponent, or if either can not be captured, he 
may be required to move the King or capture the man which can be taken, 
at the adversary's option; or, if neither can be captured, then the King must 
be moved. 

A plaj'er moving into check may be required, by the opposing player, 
either to move the King elsewhere, or replace the King and make some other 
move : — but such other move shall not be selected by the player imposing the 
penalty. 

For discovering check on his own King, the player must either legally 
move the man touched, or move the King at his adversary's option. In case 
neither move can be made, there shall be no penalty. 

While in check, for touching or moving a man which does not cover the 
check, the player may be required to cover with another piece, or move the 
King, as the opposing player may elect. 



2G3 



TOUCHING THE SQUARES. 

While the hand remains upon a man, it may be moved to any square that 
it commands, except such squares as may have been touched by it during 
the deliberation on the move; but if all the squares which it commands 
have been so touched, then the man must be played to such of the squares 
as the adversary may elect. 

COUNTING FIFTY MOVES. 

If, at any period during a game, either player persist in repeating a par- 
ticular check, or series of checks, or persist in repeating any particular line 
of play which does not advance the game; or if "a game-ending" be of 
doubtful character as to its being a win or a draw; or if a win be possible, 
but the skill to force the game questionable ; then either player may demand 
judgment of the Umpire as to its being a proper game to be determined as 
drawn at the end of fifty additional moves, on each side ; or, the question : 
" Is, or is not the game a draw?" may be, by mutual consent of the players, 
submitted to the Umpire at any time. The decision of the Umpire, in 
either case, to be final. 

And whenever fifty moves are demanded and accorded, the party demand- 
ing it may, when the fifty moves have been made, claim the right to go on 
with the game, and thereupon the other party may claim the fifty move rule, 
and the end of which, unless mate be effected, the game shall be decided a 
draw. 

STALE- MATE. 

A stale-mate is a drawn game. 

TIME LIMIT. 

The penalty for exceeding the time limit is the forfeiture of the game. 

It shall be the duty of each player, as soon as his move be made, to stop 
bis own register of time and start that of his opponent, whether the time be 
taken by clocks, sand-glasses, or otherwise. No complaint respecting an 
adversary's time can be considered, unless tbis rule be strictly complied with. 
But nothing herein is intended to affect the penalty for exceeding the time 
limit as registei'ed. 

ABANDONING THE GAME. 

If either player abandon the game by quitting the table in anger, or in an 
otherwise offensive manner; or by momentarily resigning the game; or re- 
fuses to abide by the decision of the Umpire, the game must be scored 
against him. 

If a player absent himself from the table, or manifestly ceases to consider 
his game, when it is his turn to move, the time so consumed shall, in every 
case, be registered against him. 

DISTURBANCE. 

Any player willfully disturbing his adversary shall be admonished; and if 
such disturbance be repeated, the game shall be declared lost by the player 
so offending, provided the player disturbed then appeals to the Umpire. 



254 



THE UMPIRE. 



It is the duty of the Umpire to determine all questions submitted to him 
according to these laws, when they apply, and according to his best judg- 
ment when they do not apply. 

No deviation from these laws can be permitted by an Umpire, even by 
mutual or general conseut of the players, after a match or tournament shall 
have been commenced. 

The decision of the Umpire is final, and binds D*oth and all the players. 

RULES FOR PLAYING THE GAME AT ODDS. 

I. In games where one player gives the odds of a piece, or " the exchange," 
or allows his opponent to count drawn games as won, or agrees to check- 
mate with a particular man, or on a particular square, he has the right to 
choose the men, and to move first, unless an arrangement to the contrary is 
agreed to between the combatants. 

II. When the odds of Pawn and one move, or Pawn and more than one 
move are given, the Pawn given must be the King's Bishop's Pawn when 
not otherwise previously agreed on. 

III. When a player gives the odds of his Kind's or Queen's Rook, he must 
not Castle (or more properly speaking leap his King) on the side from which 
the Rook is removed, unless before commencing the game or match lie stip- 
ulates to have the privilege of so doing. 

IV. When a player undertakes to give check-mate with one of his Pawns, 
or with a particular Pawn, the said Pawn must not be converted into a 
Piece. 

V. When a player accepts the odds of two or mere moves, he must not 
play any man beyond the fourth square, i. e., he must not cross the middle 
line of the board, before his adversary makes his first move. Such several 
moves are to be collectively considered as the first move of the player ac- 
cepting the odds. 

VI. In the odds of check-mating on a particular square it must be the 
square occupied by the King mated, not by the man giving mate. 

VII. The player who undertakes to win in a particular manner, and either 
draws the game, or wins in some other manner, must be adjudged to be the 
loser. 

In all other respects, the play in games at odds must be governed by .the 
regulations before laid down. 

RULES FOR PLAYING CORRESPONDENCE AND CONSULTATION GAMES. 

I. In playing a game by correspondence or in consultation, the two parties 
shall always agree beforehand in writing or otherwise as to the persons who 
are to take part in the contest, as to the time and mode of transmitting the 
moves, as to the penalties to be inflicted for any breach of the contract, and 
as to the umpire or referee. 

II. In games of this description each party is bound by the move 
dispatched; and in this connection the word move refers to what is intel- 
ligibly wrilten, or d olive red viva voce. 



255 



In any game the announcement of a move which does not include the 
actual transfer of a man from one square to another, shall bo considered as 
a move not intelligibly described within the meaning of this section. 

III. Each party must be bound by the move communicated in writing, or 
by word of mouth, to the adversary whether or not it be made on the ad- 
versar3''s board. If the move so communicated should prove to be different 
from that actually made on the party's own board, the latter must be altered 
to accord with the former. 

IV. If either party be detected in moving the men when it is not their 
turn to play, or in moving more than one man (except in castling) when it 
is their turn to play, they shall forfeit the game, unless they can show that 
the man was moved for the purpose of adjusting or replacing it. 

V. If either party has, accidentally or otherwise, removed a man from the 
board, which has not been captured in the course of the game, and made 
certain moves under the impression that such man was no longer in play, 
the moves must stand, but the man may be replaced whenever the error is 
discovered. 

VI. If either party permit a bystander to take part in the contest, that 
party shall forfeit the game. 



256 



HINTS ON CORRESPONDENCE PLAY. 

[Croydon (Eng.) Guardian.] 
As most stringent- rules govern correspondence chess, it behooves the 
players to proceed with methodical care, both in their preliminary arrange- 
ments for the contest and in the game itself. The preliminary arrange- 
ments, to be very precise, consist in game recorders, chess board diagrams, 
and a copy of a good book on the " Openings." The first named are merely 
printed forms, upon which the moves are recorded. The date of transmis- 
sion or receipt should be noted by the side of each move. The diagrams are 
used to show the actual state of the game after the last move. The ordinary 
written symbols for the men, should be marked in pencil, and the position 
altered after each pair of moves, to prevent the necessity of playing over 
the game from the score. Of course, a precise knowledge of the English 
system of notation is absolutely necessary. There are one or two peculiar- 
ities in correspondence play, as distinguished from over-the-board games 
that demand close attention. In the first place, deeper and more complete 
examination of position induces greater soundness of combination, and 
hence it is found that the brilliant gambit, which over the board frequently 
carries all before it, admits of a perfectly satisfactory defense, and can not 
be safely adopted when playing by correspondence. In a similar manner 
those errors that occur in ordinary play and afford opportunities for dashing 
attacks, or at least for the acquirement of decisive advantages, rarely creep 
into a correspondence partie. It is, therefore, necessary to acquire the 
power of discerning the slightest weakness in the hostile position, and of 
using the smallest advantage in such a manner as to produce the greatest 
possible benefit Another marked feature of correspondence play is the 
much stronger analytical power which is necessary to command success. A 
comprehensive analysis is generally required after every three or four 
moves. The best way to proceed with this is to examine the most probable 
line of play resulting from a particular move, until a clear advantage rests 
either with yourself or your opponent. Then commence again and try to 
improve the play of the losing side. If eventually the result be reversed, 
take the last variation and again attempt to strengthen the play of that 
which has now become the weaker color. After exhausting, to the best of 
your ability, the variations on each side, test one or two other initiatory 
moves in the same manner, then select the one which best suits the emer- 



257 

gencies of the case. All likely sacrifices, both on your own part and on 
that of your opponent, should be scrutinized with some precision, and if 
they appear to lead to important variations they must be closely examined. 
Th's analysis should always be written and kept at least until the finish of 
the game. When sending your own play always repeat your opponent's 
last move. It also his following move is compulsory or very evident, it is 
well to hasten the game by stating what your answer would be if he were 
to adopt the proposed "alternative." Great care must be used in recording 
the move on the card. To prevent mistakes in the number of the square 
always play from your own side of the board, and not systematically from 
that of the first player. On the score of conciseness and non-liability to 
error, it is preferable to write the moves one under the other, White being 
placed above and Black below, with a line between. Having posted your 
card giving the chosen move, the only thing that remains to be done is to 
wait as calmly and composedly as you conveniently can until the reply ar- 
rives. Make it a standing rule not to analyze in the interim. It frequently 
creates hesitation and weakens your play, because the fresher ideas you can 
bring for the consideration of your opponent's move, when it does come, the 
better it is for you. Then, however, even if the move has been expected, 
give it a little further examination before sending a reply. 



258 



A GREAT CHESS CLUB. 



THE NEW ORLEANS CHESS, CHECKERS, AND WHIST 
CLUB— A SKETCH OF ITS HISTORY. 



[From the New Orleans Times-Democrat, July 22, 1S84.] 
During the latter part of June, 1880, a number of gentlemen, who had 
formerly belonged to chess clubs in New Orleans, and who had witnessed, 
with no little regret, tlie untimely dissolution of each and all of them, at 
several informal meetings discussed the project, of re-establishing such a 
Club in New Orleans, to be kept up for recreation in the idle days of sum- 
mer and abandoned as the busier period of the fall should approach. Nat- 
urally these discussions were confined to a very limited circle, but they 
eventually resulted in a search (and a prolonged one it was) for rooms suit- 
able for the intended organization and within the very slender means antic- 
ipated for it. This difficult task was undertaken by a self-appointed com- 
mittee, consisting of Messrs. Charles F. Buck, Charles A. Maurian, and 
James D. Seguin, and notwithstanding energetic effort, it was nearly the 
middle of the succeeding month before anything definite was accomplished. 
However, on Thursdaj^, July 21, 1880, or just four years ago yesterday, the 
intended Club held its first informal meeting over Eugene Krost's saloon, 
128 Gravier street. The meeting was called to order by Mr. A. E. Blackmar. 
Mr. Charles A. Maurian was elected President and Mr. James D. Seguin, 
Secretary, each pro tern., and a committee was appointed to draft a consti- 
tution. The gentlemen present or represented on that occasion, and form- 
ing the nucleus of the organization that has since grown to such immense 
proportions, were William Armstrong, D. J. Baldwin, A. E. Blackmar, 
Charles F. Buck, Isidore Danziger, William H. Dwyer, Charles N. Edwards, 
Lewis L. Ellis, Edgar H. Farrar, Fred. G. Freret, Louis Gallot, James A. 
Gresham, R. A. Harrison, W. S. Keplinger, Leon L. Labatt, Alexander 
Labry, Lucien A. Ledoux, Charles A. Maurian, John Rochi, Andre W. Se- 
guin, James D. Seguin, Bernard C. Shields, Jules Targos, Jr., T. Toca, Ed- 
ward F. Vix, Edward Vorster, and James Wibray, twenty-seven altogether, 
of whom allfcut half a dozen or so are still members of the Club. 

It had already been suggested that, to insure greater attraction and a 
more enlarged interest, the games of checkers and whist should be added to 
that of chess, and the Committee on Constitution were instructed to report 
accordingly. 

The second meeting of the Club occurred July 24, 1880, with thirty-five 
members present out of a membership that had already reached fifty-two. 
The constitution reported by the committee was adopted, and the officers 



259 

thereunder elected. President, Charles A. Maurian; First Vice-President, 
Charles F. Buck ; "Second Vice-President, E. F. Vix ; Secretary, James D. 
Seguin. 

Governing Committee — E. II. Farrar, A. E. Blackmar, James D. Seguin, 
A. R. Harrison, W. S. Keplinger, Isidore Danziger. 

The project of the originators meeting with an encouraging and speedy 
success, it soon became necessary to seek more commodious quarters, and a 
comfortable suite of rooms were found over the saloon of Frank Berkes, 168 
Common street. On October 21, 1880, the Club moved into its new loca- 
tion. It now numbered 110 members, with a prosperous future before it. 
On December 31 the Club made its second move, going into rooms over 
.Mrs. Droste's saloon, 166 Common street. At the meeting of January 6, 
1881, 140 members were present, and a small assessment, the first and only 
one in the history of the Club, was levied for the purpose of providing a 
fund with which to furnish the rooms. In accordance with an amendment 
to the constitution, adopted at this meeting, on January 24, 1881, the Club 
having reached a membership of 150, an initiation fee of $2 was inaugu- 
rated. 

The first Whist Tournament was played in the latter part of October and 
early part of November, 1880, and lasted about three weeks. 

On February 10, 1881, the Club moved for the third time, having engaged 
the spacious rooms at 184 Common street, corner of Varieties alley. At 
this time there were 175 names on the roll, and the rooms over Hawkins' 
saloon were large, commodious, and elegantly furnished. 

On August 21, 1880, the first Chess Tournament was inaugurated, and 
continued somewhat desultorily until February 20, 1881, James D. Seguin 
obtaining the first prize and James Wibray the second. 

During February, 1881, the Club entertained as a guest Captain George 
H. Mackenzie, the celebrated chess player, and champion of America, and 
subsequently, during the months of December, 1881, and January, 1882, 
Captain Mackenzie was again its guost. In January, 188.'?, Hcrr Willhelm 
Steinitz, the famous Austrian master, was similarly entertained by the Club, 
and during the past April, Dr. Zukertort, the great Prussian player and 
winner of the London International Tournament of 1883, was likewise its 
guest. The details of these two highly interesting visiis are still doubtless 
fresh in the minds of the public. 

The Club, with careful management, prospered wonderfully in its Common 
street quarters. During its stay in this location, up to November, 1883, a 
number of very interesting and successful tournaments of chess, draughts, 
billiards, and whist were carried out, a large and copiously supplied read- 
ing-room was established, and many other improvements introduced. The 
membership rose with astonishing rapidity, reaching at one time over 600, 
though it subsequently fell somewhat when the dues were raised from sev- 
enty-five cents per month (the original rate) to $1, the present charge. 

About the middle of 1883, the Club, having now a net strength of about 
500 members, and being in fine financial standing, it was decided to be both 
necessary and wise to secure more elegant and commodious quarters. 

The Governing Committee were, therefore, authorized to secure the Perry 



260 

House, at the corner of Canal and Baronne streets, and fit. it up for perma- 
nent club-rooms. 

On the 1st day of December, 1883, the Club took possession of their pres- 
ent magnificent quarters. 

On the first floor to the right is the chess-room, containing thirteen heavy 
black walnut chess tables, with eiegant inlaid boards; the walls are hung 
with fine pictures, and the mantels hold the photographs of the world's great 
chess players. Besides, the room is fitted up with all the other appliances 
and comforts necessary to a first-class chess-room. Eighteen sets of club- 
size Staunton men have been ordered from England, and are expected 
shortly. 

The library and reading-room is off the chess-room and fronts on the 
Baronne street side. On the opposite side; fronting Canal street, is the par- 
lor, luxuriously furnished. The annex parlor, in which there is a splendid 
piano, is used as the music room. Adjoining the annex is the bar-room, el- 
egantly fitted up, and where the best of drinkables are kept. 

To the left on the wing is the reception-room; back of this are the dom- 
ino, checkers, and writing-rooms. On the rear galleries are the wash-rooms, 
store-room, and closets. 

On the second floor, on Baronne, is the billiard-room, containing two new 
tables, brought from New York. At the corner of Canal and Baronne is 
the whist-room. Across the hall is the general card-room, where, however, 
playing is only allowed for amusement, as no money-play is permitted in 
the Club building. Next is the euchre, backgammon, and cribbage-room. 
Opposite the billiard-room is the pool-room, with one new table for the 
amusement of the lovers of that game. 

The renovation of the upper floor is not yet completed, but is rapidly 
being put into good order. The hall has already been cut through to con- 
form with those below, and Baronne street side has been thrown into one 
large room, to be used exclusively as a library, as it is the intention of the 
Club to establish a circulating library for the benefit of the members. 

The increase of membership has been prodigious since the occupancy of 
the new location. The young men of the city have flocked in, finding there 
easy recreations, a place to feel at home during the evenings, to enjoy them- 
selves at the many innocent games that are played, and to sit in the cool 
breeze that almost always blows along the wide veranda surrounding the 
entire building. 

The officers of the Club are: Hon. Charles F. Buck, President; Judge 
Charles G. Ogden, First Vice-President; Dr. S. M. Bemiss, Second 
Vice-President; A. T. Mather, Treasurer. Governing Committee: I. K. 
Small, C. B. Penrose, H. F. Warner, Lucien Lyons, Charles Janvier. 
Library Committee: Jas. D. Seguin, Fred. G. Freret, and Jas. L. McLean. 

The growth of the Club has been phenomenal, and it now numbers about 
1,050 members. Nothing reasonable within the resources of the Club has 
been left unsupplied, and all the rooms bear evidences of comfort and re- 
fined attractiveness. 



261 



AMEKIGAN CHESS CLUBS AND RESORTS. 

The following list, is by far the most comprehensive that, has yet been 
made. The assurance is genera! that lovers of chess away from home will 
be welcome visitors at these chess rooms: 

Albany, N. Y.— 

Rail Road Reading-rooms, Union Depot. 

Baltimore, Mo. — 

The Baltimore Chess Association meets at its rooms, S. E. corner of 
Charles and Saratoga Sts. 110 members. 

Brooklyn, N. Y. — 

The "Philidor Chess Club" meets at 61-73 Meserole St., E. D. Fifty- 
four members. Hours of play, Tuesda} 7 and Friday evenings. Dr. E. W. 
Owen, President. Robert Hentscher, Secretary. 

The " Danites Chess Club " is a social organization. The members meet 
at each others' residences. 

The "Paul Morphy Chess Association" meets at 427 Gates Ave., on 
Tuescay, Thursday, and Saturday evenings. Dr. Jas. T. Bundick, President. 
W. Edmonstone, Secretary. 

The " Columbia Chess Club " is a social organization in South Brooklyn. 

Buffalo, N. Y. — 

The "Buffalo Chess Circle" meets at members' residences. About 
thirty members. 

Batavia, N. Y — 

The "Batavia Club" has chess-boards and men. 

Cobourg, Canada — 

Has a strong chess circle. 

Chicago, III. — 

"Chicago Chess Club" meets day and evening at ' s -~> Dearborn St. l>r 
N. F. Cooke, President. John D. Adair, Secretary. 

A number of chess players meet daily in the Sherman House basement. 
Also, at Welch's Restaurant, Dearborn St. 

Cincinnati, O. — 

" Cincinnati Chess Club," the oldest club in the city, meets every day 
except Sunday, at the Young Men's Mercantile Library, Walnut St., above 
Fourth. Chas. Miller, President. F. C. Miller, Secretary. Usual hours of 
play, from 1 to 6 p. m. 

The Cuvier Club, Longworth St., East of Race, has several tables. Open 
to introduced strangers. 



262 



Camden, N. J. — 
Chess Club. 

Cleveland, O. — 

The " Cleveland Chess Club " meets at 246 Superior St. W. G. Amor, 
President. Dr. Robt. Dayton, Secretary. 

Canadian Chess Association — 

The list of officers for 1884 is as follows : 

Patron, His Excellency, the Governor-General. President, G. E. Casey, 
M.P. Vice Presidents, J. B. Hurlburt, L.L.D., F. H. Lambert, and Professor 
Cherriman, Ottawa; H. A. Howe, L.L.D., Montreal. Managing Committee, 
C. P. Champion, Quebec; I. Ryall, M.D., Hamilton; T. C. Larose, Ottawa; 
W. H. Hicks, J. Barry, and J. G. Ascher, Montreal. Secretary-Treasurer, 
W. H. Morgan, Ottawa. 

Detroit, Mich. — 

" Detroit Chess Association." Room No. 8, Merrill Block. Thomas D. 
Hawley, President. Geo. L. Swan, Secretary. Rooms open day and evening. 

There are several chess tables at the Phoenix Restaurant, 77 Bates St. 

Dayton, 0. — 

"Dayton Chess Club." Room in Clegg's Block, East of Jefferson St., 
2nd story. Open every day, except Sunday, from 3 to 6 in the afternoon, 
and on Tuesday and Saturday evenings. C. L. Hawes, President. Capt. 
A. C. Fenner Corresponding Secretary. 

Denver, Ccl. — 

Chess players meet at the Markham House. Tables also at the rooms 
of the Y. M. C. A. 

Elizabeth, N. J. — 

The rooms of the Elizabeth Chess Club at Van Deventer's, 128 Broad 
St., are open to the public day and evening. R. W. Pope, President. W. H. 
Luster, Secretary. 

At Pollard's chess and reading-room, No. 258 Morris Ave., players are 
always welcome. 

Chess players will find a pleasant resort day or evening at Max Puegner's 
cigar store, No. 73 Broad St. 

Elmira, N. Y. — 

The " Century Club," Masonic Temple, over the post-office, corner of 
Lake and Market Sts., has several chess tables. Chess players visiting the 
city and desiring to be introduced, can call upon Mr. E. E. Burlingame, at 
the Elmira Telegram Office. 

Easton, Md. — 
Chess Club. 

Guelvh, Canada — 

Has a strong chess circle. 



263 

Galveston, Texas — 

"Galveston Chess Club." 48 members. Col. S. S. Nichols, President. 
F. O. Becker, Secretary. 

(Brownwood, Victoria, and Indianola are among the places in Texas 
that have chess players of considerable strength.) 

Germaxtowx, Pa. — 

Chess Club meets at the Y. M. C. A. Building, Main St. 

Hamilton, Canada — 

Chess Club meets socially. Aid. W. H. Judd, President. Dr. I. Ryaii, 
71 Main St., East, Corresponding Secretary. 

Hamilton, 0. — 

Chess players meet at the Grand Army Reading-room, Second National 
Bank Building, High St. 

HoRNELLSVILLE, N. Y. — ■ 

Chess Tables at the Delevan Hotel. 

Indianapolis, Ind. — 

Chess players meet at Baldwin's Block, corner of Market and Delaware 
Sts., second floor. 

Jerseyville, III. — 

Chess Club. 20 members. 

Lyons, N. Y.— 

Chess is played at the rooms of the Y. M. L. & L. Society, Opera House 
Block, at Crane's Hotel, and Real's Club Room. 

London, Canada — 

lias a strong chess circle. 

Linden, Perry Co., Tenn. — 

Chess Club. Among the prominent players are A. W. Hunt and W. A. 
Edwards. 

Lexington, Ky. — 

Has a strony; circle of chess players, including Messrs. Charles, Loewen- 
hart, McArdle, Allen, Kaufman, and Barkley. 

Leadville, Col. — 

Chess plaj'ers meet at Dr. Hoelke's drug store. 

Lynchburg, Va. — 

Chess players meet at the rooms of the Y. M. C. A. 

Louisville, Ky. — 

The "Louisville Chess Club" meets at its rooms in the Polytechnic 
Building, Fourth Ave., between Green and Walnut Sts., second floor. Prof. 
0. B. Theiss, President. Will H. Lyons, Secretary. 



264 



Montreal — 

"Montreal Chess Club" (the oldest chess club in Canada), 141 Mans- 
field St., in connection with the Montreal Gymnasium. Meets Tuesday and 
Saturday evenings and Saturday afternoons. H. A. Howe, President. J. 
G. Ascher, Secretary. Rooms open for play every day except Sunday. 

" Montreal Chess Divan," formerly the " City Chess Club." 112 Saint 
Frajicois Xavier St. Proprieter, C. H. Crossen. Free to all. Open every 
day during the summer, until 7 p. m., and in winter until 12 P. M. J. G. 
Ascher, President. J. Bemrose, Secretary. 

Morgan, Basque Co., Texas — 

Head-quarters of the " Texas Central Chess Association." 

Milwaukee, Wis. — 

" Phihdor Chess Club," 292 West Water St. Joseph Fisher, President. 
G. Herrscher, Secretary. 

" Milwaukee Chess Club," corner East Water and Mason Sts. (No 
present organization.) 

New York City — 

"Manhattan Chess Club," 104 East 14th St., opposite Steinway Hall. 
Rooms open daily, including Sundays and holidays, from 1 p. m. to mid- 
night, Geo. T. Green, President. J. S. Curry, Vice-President. W. M. 
de Visser, Corresponding Secretary. Dr. G. Simonson, Recording Secretary. 
F. M. Teed, Treasurer. Membership now about 220. 

"New York Chess Club," li Second Ave. (near Houston St.) Jacob 
Greenberger, President. Patrick J. Doyle, Secretary. Rooms- open daily. 
Membership about 60. 

The game is publicly played in several places in New York City, of which 
the "Turn Halle," G6 and 6S East 4th St., and the "Cafe Logeling," 49 
Bowery, are the most prominent. The "Logeling" was for some j'ears the 
home of the Manhattan Chess Club. 

The " Telegraphers Chess Club " has rooms in the Western Union Build- 
ing. 

There are several chess tables in the library room of the N. Y. Stock 
Exchange. 

Newark, N. J. — 

The Young Men's Hebrew Association, of Newark, have elegant chess 
rooms and invite all players to call. J. Stein, President. C. Hymes, 
Secretary. 

Nashville, Ten t x. — 

South Nashville Chess Room, Engine House No. 3. 
Merchants' Exchange Chess Room, No. 23 North College. 

New Orleans Chess, Checkers, and Whist Club — 

Meets at its rooms, corner Baronne and Canal Sts., upstairs. Has over 
a thousand members. Chas. F. Buck, President. 



265 



Ottawa, Canada — 

The President of the "Ottawa Chess Club" is Prof. J. 1>. Cherriman. 

W. IF. Morgan, Secretary. 

Oneanto N. Y. — 

Y. M. A. Reading-room. 

Pittsburgh, Pa. — 

The " Pittsburgh Chess Club" meets at the Mercantile Library, Penn 
Ave. near 6th St. Regular evenings for play, Mondays and Thursdays, though 
members may be found there at any time. Visitors are always welcome. 
President, J. W. Collins, No. 91 Diamond St. Secretary, Howard Sutton, 
care Mercantile Library, Pittsburgh. 

Port Jervis, N. Y. — 

Chess is played at St. John's drug store, C. L. H. Bayne's barber shop, 
and Col. Green's store. 

Philadelphia, Pa. — 

The "Philadelphia Chess Club" meets at 116 South Twelfth St., second 
story. Open at all hours. The usual hours for play are from 4 to (i:o0 p. M., 
and from 8 to 12 p. M. Six tables. D. M. Martinez, President. Robert. 
Frank, Secretarj 7 . 

The Mercantile Library chess room, Tenth St., below Chestnut, second 
floor, has 24 tables. Open every day except Sunday, from 9 A. M. to 10 p. M. 
Strangers are welcome. 

The Ridgway Branch of the Philadelphia Library, corner of Broad and 
Christian Sts., has two tables, also the very extensive chess library of the 
late Prof. Allen. 

The Athenaeum, 219 South Sixth St., has four tables. Open from 9 
A. M. to 10 P. M. The usual hours for play are from 12 M. to G P. M. 

The Quaker City Chess, Checker, and Whist Club, Arch St., near Ninth, 
has five tables. 

The Merchants' Exchange, Exchange Building, corner of Third and 
Walnut Sts., has four tables. Hours of play, 12 M. t« 6 p. m. 

Quebec, Canada — 

" The Quebec Chess Club" has been in existence about f»0 years. Rooms 
are at 50 St. John St. Ail visiting chrss players are invited to call. The 
Club nights are Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, but the rooms are open 
every afternoon and night, T. Le Droit, Honorary President, F. H. An- 
drews, President. D. R. McLeod, Secretary. 
Richmond, Ind. — 

Chess players meet at the fire engine-house. 
Richmond, Ya. — 

The "Richmond Chess Club" meets at room 13 Rueger's building, 
Bank St. Thirty members. Hon. John W. Johnston, President. Chas. L. 
Page, Corresponding Secretary. 

Rochester, N. Y. — 

The "Rochester Chess and Checker Club" meets at 79 Arcade. 25 
members. Frederick Driseoll, President. Albert E. Newman, Secretary. 



266 



RlCHBURG, N. Y. — 

Aiken House. 

St. John, N. B.— 

The "St. John Chess Club" meets Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 
evenings at the rooms of the Y. M. C. A. 

Seneca Falls, N. Y. — 

Chess club with 28 members. J. N. Hammond, President. J. P. Met- 
calf, Secretary. Meets in P. 0. building. 

Salt Lake City, Utah— 

Chess players meet at each others' residences. Among prominent 
players are Orson Pratt, Jr., J. Barnett, Harmel Pratt, and Arthur Pratt. 

St. Louis, Mo. — 

"St. Louis Chess, Checker, and Whist Club" meets corner Ninth and 
Olive Sts. 60 members. Jas. Milburn, President. A. H..Robbins, Secretary. 

"Social Chess Club" meets at 1542 South Broadway. 20 members. 
Theodore Rabusky, President. Hugo Rinkel, Secretary. 

The Young Men's Temperance Union, corner of Tenth and Locust Sts., 
has several chess tables. Open daily, except Sunday, from 10 a. si. to 10 p. m. 

St. Paul, Minn. — 

The "St. Paul Chess Club" meets at room 21, corner of Wabasha and 
Fourth Sts. Open at all times. Regular meetings Wednesday and Thursday 
evenings. D. DeLong, President. C. S. Rohrer, Corresponding Secretary. 

San Francisco, Cal. — ■ 

Chess players meet at the rooms of the Mercantile Library. 

Spartanburg, S. C. — 

Chess Club numbers about 30 members. Hon. J. S. R. Thomson, Pres- 
ident. Capt. F. N. Walker, Secretary. 

TUNKHANNOCK, Pa. — 

T. Greenville's drug store, S. H. Sickler's drug store, and Billings & 
Reynold's Hotel. 

Troy, N. Y. — 

Railroad Reading-rooms, Troy Depot. 

Thurlow, Pa. — 

Chess Club. D. B. Fox, President. C. E. Dennis, Secretarj\ 

Toledo, O. — 

"Toledo Chess Club" meets over the Commercial National Bank, cor- 
ner of Summit and Monroe Sts. Maurice Judd, President. Col. C. C. Doo- 
little, Secretary. 

Toronto, Canada — 

The "Toronto Chess Club" meets in the "Athenaeum Club" rooms in 



267 

the Free Library Building. (10 members. Hours of play, from 12 M. to 
11 v. m. John L. Blaikie, President. Chns. W. Phillips, Secretary. 

Western New York and Northern Pennsylvania Chess Association — 

Meets annually. The territory embraces New York State west of the 
Hudson River, and Pennsylvania north of a line drawn from the mouth of 
the Juniata River to the nearest point on the Lehi<zh River. N. D. Luce, 
Elmira, N. Y., President, and present champion. E. E. Burlingame, Elmira, 
N. Y., Secretary. Meets in December in Elmira. 

Wi:i.i.sviij.e, N. Y.— 

Reading-room Association. 

Waterloo, N. Y. — 

Chess Club meets at members' houses. 

WlLKESBAKRE, Pa. — 

George A. Lohmann's Restaurant. J. D. Birmingham's Hotel. 

Waterlt, Md. — 

Chess Club. York Road, near toll-gate. Dr. P. H. Reiche, President. 
Rev. R. H. Gernand, Secretary. 20 members. 

Washington, D. C. — 

The "Washington Chess and Checker Club " meets in room 10, St. Cloud 
Building, corner of 9th and F Sts. 40 members. 

Wellsboro, Tioga Co., Pa. 
Chess Club. 



268 



LIST OF AMERICAN CHESS COLUMNS. 



Neivspapers. 
New York Clipper, 
Urn die Welt, 
New York Scotsman, 
New York Sunday World, 
Noah's Sunday Times, 
Latino Americano, 
Elmira Telegram, 
Buffalo Sunday Times, 
Philadelphia Sunday Times, 
Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph, 
Harrisburg Sunday Telegram, 
Baltimore Sunday News, 
Baltimore American, 
Newark Sunday Call, 
Central New Jersey Herald, 
Charleston Weekly News, 
Cincinnati Commercial Gazette, 
Mirror of American Sports, 
St.Louis Globe-Democrat, 
Anzeiger, 

Nashville American, 
Hartford Weekly Times, 
Detroit Free Press, 
Southern Trade Gazette, 
New Orleans Times-Democrat, 
Quebec Morning Chronicle, 
Globe, 

Ottawa Citizen, 
Ottawa Independent Forester, 
Toronto Week, 
Argonaut, 

Brooklyn Chess Chronicle,* 
Turf, Field and Farm, 



Where Published. 

New York, 
New York, 
New York, 
New York, 
New York, 
New York, 
Elmira, N. Y., 
Buffalo, N. Y., 
Philadelphia, Pa., 
Pittsburgh, Pa,, 
Harrisburg, Pa., 
Baltimore, Md., 
Baltimore, Md., 
Newark, N. J., 
Elizabeth, N. J., 
Charleston, S. C, 
Cincinnati, O., 
Chicago, 111., 
St. Louis, Mo., 
St. Louis, Mo., 
Nashville, Tenn., 
Hartford, Conn., 
Detroit, Mich., 
Louisville, Ky., 
New Orleans, La., 
Quebec, Canada, 
St. John, N. B., 
Ottawa, Canada, 
Ottawa, Canada, 
Toronto, Canada. 
San Francisco, Cal. 
Brooklyn, N. Y., 
New York, 



Editors. 
M. J. Hazeltine. 
P. J. Doyle. 
J. B. Halkett. 
Unknown. 
Unknown. 
Unknown. 
E. E. Burlingame. 
C. H. Tutton. 
G. Reichhelm. 
Dr. T. D. Davis. 
E. E. Burlingame. 

C. E. Dennis. 
A. G. Sellman. 

D. E. Hervey. 
R. W. Pope. 

E. A. Balaguer. 
J. W. Miller. 
K. D. Peterson. 
Ben R. Foster. 
Hugo Rinkel. 
A. B. Hodges. 
J. G. Belden. 

T. P. Bull. 
W. II. Lyons. 

J. D. Seguin arid C. A. Maurian. 
M. J. Murphy. 
C. F. Stubbs. 
J. B. Halkett. 
J. B. Halkett. 
Chas. W. Phillips. 
Unknown. 
J. B. & E. M. Munoz. 
Unknown. 



Monthly Magazine. 



269 



INDEX 



Allgaier-Thorold 232 

Allgaier-Kieseritzky 234 

American Chess Clubs and Resorts, List of 261 

American Chess Columns, List of 268 

Blaekmar Gambits 241 

Center Gambit ,. 2J6 

Center Counter Gambit 218 

Chess Code of the Chess Association of the United States 250 

Correspondence Play, Hints on.... , 256 

English Opening 211 

Evans Gambit 146 

French Defense 162 

Four Knights' Game 191 

Fyfe Gambit 202 

Giuoco Piano 175 

Grimm's Attack in KB Gambit, Defeat of 230 

Hampe-Thorold-Allgaier Gambit 202 

Hungarian Defense 19S 

Irregular Openings 23S 

Jerome Gambit 180 

King's Bishop's Opening 224 

King's Bishop's Gambit , 225 

King's Knight's Gambit , 225 

King's Gambit 236 

King's Gambit Declined • 236 



270 

Meadow Hay Opening 247 

New Orleans Chess, C. & W. Club, Sketch of co . 258 

Preface 141 

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Queen's Bishop's Pawn's Game 194 

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Ruy Lopez Knight's Opening... 153 

Salvio Gambit 234 

Sicilian Defense , 220 

Scotch Gambit , 170 

Steinitz Gambit , 202 

Stonewall Opening 247 

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Three Knights' Game 191 

Vienna Game 202 



July, 1«84.] 



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INDEX TO MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS. 



Page. 

American Politics, Critical Review of. 

lteemelin 6 

American State Universities. Ten Brook.. 7 

Ando-Saxon Literature. Hart 3 

Anti-Slavery before 1800. Poole 5 

Army of the Cumberland, History of the. 

Van Home 7 

Art- 
Charcoal Drawing. Robert 6 

China Painters, Suggestions to. Mc- 
Laughlin 4 

China Painting. McLaughlin 4 

Pottery Decoration. McLaughlin 4 

Modeling in Clay. Vago 7 

Perspective, Elementary. Keller 3 

Art of Pleasing. A Lecture. Roy G 

Bible in the Common Schools 1 

Biographical — 

Coffin, (Levi). Reminiscences 2 

Corwin (Thomas). Russell (j 

Hayes (Rutherford B.) Life, Public Ser- 
vices, etc. 3 

Mansfield (E. D. ) Personal Memories... 4 

Nerinckx (Rev. Charles). Life 5 

Pi oneer Biographies. McBride 4 

Birds of North America. Jasper 3 

Black Bass, Book of the. Henshall 3 

Book- Keeping, Safety. Mittenheimer 5 

Camping and Cruising in Florida. Hen- 
shall, 3 

Caverns, Celebrated American. Hovey 3 

Chess Openings, Synopsis of. Cook 2 

Church History, Universal. Alzog 1 

Constitution of the United States 2 

Constitution, Law and True Construction 

of. King 3 

Crime and the Family. Nash 5 

Drainage, Land. Klippart 4 

Drunkards, What Shall We Do With? Ev- 
erts 2 

Education, Common School. Currie 2 

Educational Reformers, Essays on. Quick. 5 

Egypt, Ancient. Osborn 5 

Elements of Knowledge. Biddle 1 

Family Expense Book 2 

Far East. Letters from Egypt and Pales- 
tine. Burt 1 

Fiction — 

Generalship or How I Managed My Hus- 
band. Roy 6 

Once a Year, or the Doctor's Puzzle. 

Swan 6 



Fiction— Continued. Page. 

Secret of the Andes. Hassaurek 3 

Sylvester's Night's Adventure. Zschokke. 7 

French Army, Six Months with. Boyland. 1 

French, Elementary Reader. Brunner 1 

French, Gender of Verbs. Brunner 1 

French Verbs. Freeman 2 

Forestry, American Journal of. Hough.... 3 

Forestry, Elements of. Hough 3 

Form Book, American. Sayler 6 

Fossil Brachiopods. Shaler 6 

Free Institutions, Nature and Tendency of. 

Grimke 2 

Gold Fish. Mulertt 5 

Grandma's Christmas Day. Ellard 2 

Honduras, Journey in. Houston... 3 

Horses, Law of. Hanover 3 

Horse-shoeing, Scientific. Russell 6 

Housekeeping in the Blue Grass 3 

Illinois, Campaign in the, in 1778-9. Clark. 2 
Indiana. Vincennes, Colonial History of. 

Law 4 

Indiana. Wayne County, History. Young. 7 

Indiana. See Mound Builders. 

Iusect Lives. Ballard 1 

Jewish Nature Worship. MacLean 4 

Kansas, Resources, etc. Griswold., 2 

Karl and Gretchen's Christmas. Tilden... 7 

Kentucky. Lexington. History. Ranck.. 5 

Kentucky, Pioneer Lite in. Drake 2 

Land Drainage. Klippart 4 

Leatherwood God. Taneyhill 6 

Legends of the West. Hall 2 

Man, Antiquity of. MacLean 4 

Mastodon, Mammoth, and Man. Mac- 
Lean 4 

Measures, Source of. Skinner 6 

Medical — 

Cornwell. Chart of Eye Symptoms 2 

Fletcher. Cholera, its Characteristics, 

etc • 2 

Hygiene and Education of Infants. Wal- 
ton 7 

Jackson. The Black Arts in Medicine... 3 

Lloyd. Chemistry of Medicines 4 

Lloyd. Elixirs, their Formulas, Prepa- 
ration, etc . • 4 

Lloyd. Drugs, etc., of North America... 4 

Minor. Erysipelas and Child-bed Fever. 5 

Minor. Scarlatina Statistics 5 

Physician's General Ledger 5 



12 



PUBLICATIONS OF ROBERT CLARKE & CO. 



Medical — Continued. Page. 
Physician's Pocket- Case Record Pre- 
scription Book 5 

Rives. Chart of Cranial Nerves.... 6 

Sattler. History of Tuberculosis 6 

Tripler and Blackman. Military Sur- 
gery - • 7 

Whittaker. Physiology 7 

Williams. Diseases of the Ear 7 

Mission Band Exercises. Tilden 7 

Monetary Situation. Horton 3 

Mound-Builders, Indians — 

Captivity with the Indians, 1755-1759. 

Smith 6 

Footprints of Vanished Races. Couant. 2 

Mound-Builders. MacLean 4 

Mounds of the Mississippi Valley. Carr.. 1 
Ohio Indians, Expedition against. Bou- 
quet 1 

Our Indian Wards. Manypenny 5 

Pre-Historic Man, the Mound-Builders, 

etc. Force 2 

Pre-Historic Remains in Kentucky. Carr 

and Shaler., 2 

Some Early Notices of Ohio Indians. 

Force 2 

Name and Address Book 5 

National Guardsman. Phister 5 

North- West, Discovery of the. Butterfield.. 1 

Norway, Six Months in. Anderson 1 

Ohio- 
Athens County. History. Walker 7 

Champaign and Logan Counties. His- 
tory. Antrim 1 

Cincinnati Organ. Nichols 5 

— Spring Grove Cemetery. Strauch 6 

— Tyler Davidson Fountain (J 

Columbus. History. Studer 6 

Coshocton County. History. Hunt 3 

Green Township, Hamilton County. 

Reemelin 6 

Historical Collections. Howe...-. 3 

Journey of Captain Trent to Pickawil- 

lany 7 

Ross County. Pioneer Record. Finley. 2 

Ohio Country, Journey to the. May 5 

Ohio Valley Historical Miscellany 5 

Old, Old Story. A Lecture. Roy 6 

Olden Time (The). Craig 2 

Our Barren Lands. Hazen.. 3 

Penciled Fly Leaves. Piatt 5 

Phonography — 

American Phonographic Dictionary. 

Longley 4 



Page. 

American Reporter's Guide. Longley... 4 

Compend of Phonography. Longley 4 

Eclectic Manual of Phonography. Long- 
ley 4 

Every Reporter's Own Shorthand Dic- 
tionary. Longley 4 

Phonographic Chart. Longley 4 

Phonographic Reader and Writer. Long- 
ley 4 

Writing Exercises. Longley 4 

Poetry — 

Andre (Major). The Cow Chase 1 

Gallagher (W. D.) Miami Woods, and 

other Poems... 2 

Jordan (D. M. ) Rosemar3 r Leaves 3 

Prentice (G. D.) Poems 5 

Stanton (Henry T.) Jacob Brown and 

other Poems 6 

Stanton (Henry T.) The Moneyless 

Man and other Poems 6 

Venable (W. H.) June on the Miami.... 7 

Politics as a Science. Reemelin., 6 

Prices, Prophecies of Ups and Downs in. 

Benner. 1 

Prose Miscellany. Biddle 1 

Reptiles and Bachtrachians of North Amer- 
ica. Garman 2 

Romance of Western History. Hall 2 

St. Clair Papers 6 

Shakespearean Commentators. Morgan... 5 

Shakespearean Myth. Morgan 5 

Silver and Gold, and Redemption. Hor- 
ton ■ • • 3 

Sorghum, its Culture, etc. Collier 2 

Spanish Americans. Four Years among. 

Hassaurek ■ > 3 

Speeches Daniel H. Voorhees 7 

Stage (The). Murdoch 5 

Tally Book for Lumber Dealers. Webb 7 

Vicksburg Campaign. Reed • 5 

Vineyard Culture Improved. Du Breuil 2 

War of 1812 in North-western States. 

Hatch 3 

War of 1886 between the United States and 

Great Britain. Reed 5 

Washington-Crawford Letters. Butterfield. 1 

Waterworks, Cincinnati. Bell 1 

Weather (The), its Changes, Forecasts, etc. 

Bassler •• 1 

Wine Makers' Manual. Reemelin 6 



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